http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
CMOS Compatible Fabrication Technique for Nano-Transistors by Conventional Optical Lithography
Horst, C.,Kallis, K.T.,Horstmann, J.T.,Fiedler, H.L. The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2004 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.4 No.1
The trend of decreasing the minimal structure sizes in microelectronics is still being continued. Therefore in its roadmap the Semiconductor Industries Association predicts a printed minimum MOS-transistor channel length of 10 nm for the year 2018. Although the resolution of optical lithography still dramatically increases, there are known and proved solutions for structure sizes significantly below 50 nm up to now. In this work a new method for the fabrication of extremely small MOS-transistors with a channel length and width below 50 nm with low demands to the used lithography will be explained. It's a further development of our deposition and etchback technique which was used in earlier research to produce transistors with very small channel lengths down to 30 nm, with a scaling of the transistor's width. The used technique is proved in a first charge of MOS-transistors with a channel area of W=200 nm and L=80 nm. The full CMOS compatible technique is easily transferable to almost any other technology line and results in an excellent homogeneity and reproducibility of the generated structure size. The electrical characteristics of such small transistor will be analyzed and the ultimate limits of the technique will be discussed.
Hwang Eu Chang,de Fazio Adam,Hamilton Kallie,Bakker Caitlin,Pariser Joseph J.,Dahm Philipp 대한남성과학회 2022 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.40 No.1
Purpose: To assess the effects of buccal mucosal graft site non-closure versus closure on postoperative oral morbidity for male undergoing augmentation urethroplasty for urethral stricture. Materials and Methods: We included randomized controlled trials. Inclusion criteria were male over the age of 18 with urethral stricture disease requiring reconstruction with buccal mucosal graft harvest. Primary outcomes of the review were postoperative oral pain, need for secondary oral procedures and cosmetic defects. Results: We included 5 studies with 346 randomized patients with urethral strictures, of whom 260 completed the trials. In terms of primary outcomes, non-closure graft site may reduce oral pain on postoperative day #1 (standard mean difference [SMD] 0.24 lower; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61 lower to 0.12 higher; low certainty evidence [CoE]) but we are uncertain how this impacts pain on postoperative days 3 to 6 (SMD 0.35; 95% CI 0.12 to 0.81 higher; very low CoE). We are also very uncertain as to how it affects the need for secondary oral procedures (risk ratio [RR] 0.22; 95% CI 0.01 to 4.28; very low CoE). Non-closure may increase the risk of cosmetic defects (RR 2.40; 95% CI 0.93 to 6.22; low CoE). Conclusions: This review describes the trade-off for buccal mucosal graft site non-closure versus closure for various patientimportant outcomes; decision-making will likely hinge on the relative value individual patients and surgeons place on them. The supporting evidence was rated as low and very low, thereby signaling substantial underlying uncertainty and the need for better trials.