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Physical Biology of the Materials–Microorganism Interface
Sakimoto, Kelsey K.,Kornienko, Nikolay,Cestellos-Blanco, Stefano,Lim, Jongwoo,Liu, Chong,Yang, Peidong American Chemical Society 2018 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.140 No.6
<P>Future solar-to-chemical production will rely upon a deep understanding of the material–microorganism interface. Hybrid technologies, which combine inorganic semiconductor light harvesters with biological catalysis to transform light, air, and water into chemicals, already demonstrate a wide product scope and energy efficiencies surpassing that of natural photosynthesis. But optimization to economic competitiveness and fundamental curiosity beg for answers to two basic questions: (1) how do materials transfer energy and charge to microorganisms, and (2) how do we design for bio- and chemocompatibility between these seemingly unnatural partners? This Perspective highlights the state-of-the-art and outlines future research paths to inform the cadre of spectroscopists, electrochemists, bioinorganic chemists, material scientists, and biologists who will ultimately solve these mysteries.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2018/jacsat.2018.140.issue-6/jacs.7b11135/production/images/medium/ja-2017-11135m_0005.gif'></P>
K. Sakimoto,Y. Miura,T. Ise 전력전자학회 2011 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2011 No.5
The power capacity of distributed generators such as photovoltaic and wind turbine is growing, many of distributed generators are connected to a grid by inverters. The inverters are controlled by a PLL (Phase Locked Loop) in order to be synchronized with power system frequency. Power system will become unstable, if the capacity of inverter-connected-type distributed generators becomes larger and larger, because inverter frequency is controlled to follow the grid frequency. The concept of “Virtual Synchronous Generator” (VSG), which is to control inverters to behave like a synchronous generator, has been proposed. VSG has virtual inertia which is realized by an energy storage device to pretend rotor’s inertia. In this paper, the control scheme of VSG is investigated which is based on the swing equation of a synchronous generator. Numerical simulation results show both ride-through capability of voltage dip and enhancement ability of grid stability.