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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : K. Sahayaraj (검색결과 3 건)
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K. Sahayaraj,S. Merin Fernandez 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.4
The red cotton bug, Dysdercus koenigii Fab., and its specialized predator Antilochus coquebertii (Fab.), are among the most abundant insects in Asian cotton agro-ecosystems. To gauge the potential of using A. coquebertii to control D. koenigii in cotton, we tested the role of feeding on cotton leaves in development of the predator, prey stage preference and characterized the functional response of the predator to prey density under laboratory conditions. Antilochus coquebertii exhibited an active hunting strategy indicative of using both olfactory and visual orientation. Immature stages of the predator successfully developed and reproduced when offered D. koenigii or cotton leaves with D. koenigii. However, A. coquebertii nymphs failed to develop past the third instar when feeding on cotton leaves alone. The food regime did not significantly affect body size of the predator. Mated male and female adults live long when fed with D. koenigii. Total number of prey consumed by an adult predator during 15-days observation reveals not much deviation when offered D. koenigii or cotton leaves with D. koenigii. The adults of A. coquebertii killed a maximum of six D. koenigii adults per day, and were preying on D. koenigii populations in a density dependent manner (showed a type II functional response). We argue that A. coquebertii has considerable potential for the biological control of the red cotton bug D. koenigii.
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K. Sahayaraj,R. Vembudurai 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.2
Considering starvations an important physiological aspectwhich influence the predatory behavior of insects, this studywas performed to document the possible impact that starvation (2 days, 4 days, 6 days, 8 days and 10 days) has on the feeding acts and prey consumption efficiency of a polyphagous predator: Catamiarus brevipennis (Servile) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) adults. Ten-day-old adult male and female C. brevipennis fed on two common cotton pests, Dysdercus cingulatus (Fab.) adult males and females and Spodoptera litura (Fab.) third instar larvae, under laboratory conditions. The 0-day, 2-day, 4-day, 6-day, 8-day and 10-day starved predators were separately placed in transparent plastic containers containing three each of adult male and female D. cingualtus or six third instar S. litura larvae. Feeding events (capturing time and handling time) and food consumption efficiency (number of prey consumed and weight gained) were recorded. Results revealed that irrespective of the prey species, and starvation levels, C. brevipennis females captured the prey quicker, handled more prey items in time and gainedmore food than males. The capturing time andweight gain of the predatorwere directly proportion to starvation levels regardless ofwhether the predatorwas offered D. cingulatus or S. litura as food. However, after 4-day starvation, handling time was decreased when D. cingulatus was offered as a prey. Handling time increased from predators starved 0 day to 2 days, then decreased gradually up to 6 days and again increased to 10 days starved predators. C. brevipennis consumed more S. litura and subsequently gained more food than D. cingulatus. This study revealed that starvation significantly reduced the prey-capturing time and increased the food consumption and that C. brevipennis can tolerate up to 10 days without any prey under field conditions, indicating that it has good biological control potential against the cotton pests.
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Sahayaraj K.,Asharaja A.,Ponsankar A.,Martin Rathi J.,Senthil-Nathan S. 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.2
Outburst of harmful insects in the agricultural environment cause potential risk to farmers and it makes an alarm to scientific communities for the development of effective pest management strategies. Prevalent usage of synthetic pesticides results in the development of insect resistance and make higher toxicity to non-target organisms. Phytochemicals derived from seaweeds offers an alternative solution for controlling the agricultural pest. The growth and development of Dysdercus cingulatus was affected by the chloroform extract of sea weed Caulerpa veravalensis at various concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100 μg/mL). Similarly, relative growth rate (RGR) and oviposition also significantly decreased compared to control. The crude extract of C. veravalensis was further eluted through the column chromatography and partially purified fractions were tested to find toxicity against third instar nymph of D. cingulatus. The active fraction FVI illustrates higher mortality hence it was subjected to GC–MS analysis to find the active chemical constituents. The GC–MS results revealed that nine major compounds with nymphicidal activity against D. cingulatus. Probit analysis of 95% confidential level showing a LC 50 value of 183.307 μg/mL against the third instar nymph of D. cingulatus. Our findings suggest that Tetradecanoic acid, 10, 13-dimethyl-, methyl ester from fraction FVI shows highest peak area percentage of 89.2% and it may be one of the insecticidal compounds affecting the behavior of D. cingulatus.
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