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National Follow-up Survey of Preventable Trauma Death Rate in Korea
Kwon Junsik,Lee Myeonggyun,Moon Jonghwan,Huh Yo,Song Seoyoung,Kim Sora,Lee Seung Joon,Lim Borami,Kim Hyo Jin,Kim Yoon,il Kim Hyung,Yun Jung-Ho,Yu Byungchul,Lee Gil Jae,Kim Jae Hun,Kim Oh Hyun,Choi Woo 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.50
Background: The preventable trauma death rate survey is a basic tool for the quality management of trauma treatment because it is a method that can intuitively evaluate the level of national trauma treatment. We conducted this study as a national biennial follow-up survey project and report the results of the review of the 2019 trauma death data in Korea. Methods: From January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019, of a total of 8,482 trauma deaths throughout the country, 1,692 were sampled from 279 emergency medical institutions in Korea. All cases were evaluated for preventability of death and opportunities for improvement using a multidisciplinary panel review approach. Results: The preventable trauma death rate was estimated to be 15.7%. Of these, 3.1% were judged definitive preventable deaths, and 12.7% were potentially preventable deaths. The odds ratio for preventable traumatic death was 2.56 times higher in transferred patients compared to that of patients who visited the final hospital directly. The group that died 1 hour after the accident had a statistically significantly higher probability of preventable death than that of the group that died within 1 hour after the accident. Conclusion: The preventable trauma death rate for trauma deaths in 2019 was 15.7%, which was 4.2%p lower than that in 2017. To improve the quality of trauma treatment, the transfer of severe trauma patients to trauma centers should be more focused.
Jinkwon Kim,Junsik Mun,Youngdo Kim,Bongju Kim,Jeong Rae Kim,Lingfei Wang,Miyoung Kim,Changyoung Kim,Jason W. A. Robinson,Yoshiteru Maeno,Tae Won Noh 한국자기학회 2021 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.31 No.2
Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phase oxides (An+1BnO3n+1, n = 1, 2, ...) have been spotlighted with versatile physical properties such as high-temperature superconductivity, colossal magnetoresistance. These emergent phenomena provide a platform for novel oxide-based electronic devices including spintronics application. However, high-quality RP-phase thin film growth has been disturbed by extended structural defects, such as out-of-phase boundaries (OPBs). OPB is a translational boundary between neighboring unit cells, shifted in a specific crystallographic direction. For instance, if RP-phase thin films grown on ABO₃ perovskite substrates, the structural mismatch between film and substrates induces a crystallographic shift in the c-axis direction, thus OPBs form at the film-substrate interface. Since OPB formation hampers the physical properties of RP-phase thin films, the suppression of the structural defects is highly required to carry out the high-performance RP-phase based functional devices. In this study, we suppressed OPB suppression in RP-phase oxide thin films by atomic-scale interface engineering. As model systems, the unconventional superconductor Sr₂RuO₄ (bulk Tc ~ 1.5 K) and La2-xSrxCuO₄ (bulk Tc ~ 39 K) thin films were employed. Despite the structural similarities between films and substrates, Sr2RuO4 and La2-xSrxCuO₄ films exhibited huge OPB formations. By controlling the atomic-scale interface engineering, the OPBs were significantly suppressed in the film structure. Notably, these OPB-free Sr₂RuO₄ and La2-xSrxCuO₄ thin films exhibited highly enhanced superconductivity than the film with huge OPB formation. Our study suggests a comprehensive method to suppress OPB formation in RP thin films, enabling superconducting spintronics devices based on the unconventional superconductivity.
Kim Gwan-Young,Kim Jin-Ho,Lee Taeho,Bae Byoung-Chan,Baik Hyejeong,김태헌,Kim Junsik,Kang Dong Wook,Kim Ju Hee,Kim Dahan,Cho Hea-Young,김대덕 한국약제학회 2022 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.52 No.1
Purpose The aim of this work was to evaluate a new polylactic acid microsphere depot formulation (Leuprolide Depot 3 M) prepared by a water-in-oil-in-water emulsion/solvent evaporation method. Methods The physical properties of the microspheres, including particle size and drug encapsulation efficiency, were characterized. The accelerated and long-term in vitro release profiles were examined. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies were conducted in male beagle dogs after a single subcutaneous injection of the microspheres at 11.25 mg/animal leuprolide acetate by measuring the plasma leuprolide and testosterone levels, respectively. Results Leuprolide Depot 3 M was spherical in shape with a smooth surface and showed an average diameter of 17.83 μm and a drug loading content of 7.58% (w/w). These properties were comparable to those of Lupron Depot 30 mg, a commercial product. In vitro release of leuprolide at 37 °C from both formulations was sustained for up to 126 days and showed a similarity factor (f2) of 51.0. In the pharmacokinetic study, the plasma leuprolide concentration after subcutaneous injection of Leuprolide Depot 3 M or Lupron Depot 30 mg remained at approximately 0.1 ng/mL for up to 98 days. There were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters between the two formulations. Moreover, the plasma testosterone level was effectively suppressed to less than 0.5 ng/mL until the end of the evaluation. Conclusion These results suggest that Leuprolide Depot 3 M and Lupron Depot 30 mg are expected to have comparable efficacy profiles in clinical settings, which should be confirmed in further clinical studies.
Jinkwon Kim,Youngdo Kim,Junsik Mun,Jeong Rae Kim,Miyoung Kim,Changyoung Kim,Tae Won Noh 한국자기학회 2021 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.31 No.1
Over the past decades, Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phase oxides (A<sub>n+1</sub>B<sub>n</sub>O<sub>3n+1</sub>, n = 1, 2, ...) have been spotlighted with advantageous physical properties such as high-temperature superconductivity, giant magnetoresistance. <sup>[1-2]</sup> These emergent phenomena provide a platform for novel oxide-based electronic devices including spintronics application. However, high-quality RP-phase thin film growth has been disturbed by extended structural defects, so-called out-of-phase boundaries (OPBs).<sup>[3]</sup> OPB is a translational boundary between neighboring unit cells, shifted in a specific crystallographic direction. For instance, if RP-phase thin films grown on ABO<sub>3</sub> perovskite substrates, the structural mismatch between film and substrates induces a crystallographic shift in the c-axis direction, thus OPBs form at the film-substrate interface. Since OPB formation hampers the physical properties of RP-phase thin films, the suppression of the structural defects is highly required to carry out the high-performance RP-phase based functional devices.<sup>[4-5]</sup> In this study, we suppressed OPB suppression in RP-phase oxide thin films by using single-terminated LaSrAlO4 substrate (n = 1 RP phase, a = b= 3.756 Å and c =12.636 Å). As a model system, the high-T<sub>c</sub> cup rates superconductor La<sub>1.85</sub>Sr<sub>0.15</sub>CuO4 thin film (n = 1 RP phase, a = b= 3.777 Å and c =13.226 Å) was employed. Despite the structural similarities between films and substrates, the La<sub>2-x</sub>Sr<sub>x</sub>CuO<sub>4</sub> films exhibited huge OPB formations when deposited on mixed-terminated LaSrAlO4 substrate. In contrast, when the La<sub>2-x</sub>Sr<sub>x</sub>CuO<sub>4</sub> films were deposited on single-terminated LaSrAlO4 substrates, the OPBs were significantly suppressed in the film structure. Notably, these OPB-free La<sub>2-x</sub>Sr<sub>x</sub>CuO<sub>4</sub> films exhibited highly enhanced superconductivity (T<sub>c</sub><sup>zero</sup> ~ 30 K) than the film with huge OPB formation (T<sub>c</sub><sup>zero</sup> ~ 5 K) under the same thickness (~ 6.5 nm). Our study suggests a comprehensive method to suppress OPB formation in RP thin films, enabling superconducting spintronics devices based on RP-phase high-T<sub>c</sub> superconductors.[5-6]
( Yoo-na Kim ),( Yun Soo Chung ),( Junsik Park ),( Yong Jae Lee ),( Jung-yun Lee ),( Eun Ji Nam ),( Sang Wun Kim ),( Sunghoon Kim ),( Young Tae Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2022 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.108 No.-
Objective: HER2 targeted drugs are increasingly introduced in non-breast cancers, yet studies on HER2 expression in ovarian cancer patients is lacking. Therefore, we studied HER2 receptor status and its dynamic change in ovarian cancer patients, a subset of whom also underwent next-generation sequencing (NGS). Methods: Ovarian cancer patients who underwent HER2 testing between January 2015 and May 2021 at Yonsei Cancer Hospital were identified. Clinical information, including histology, germline BRCA status, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) profile were noted. For patients receiving multiple time-lagged biopsies, each anatomical location, timing, and HER2 expression were counted. Results: A total of 200 patients with ovarian cancer, mostly advanced stage and high-grade serious histology, were identified. HER2 expressions of 2+ and 3+ were found in 28% and 6% respectively. A total of 33 patients (16.5%) received targeted therapy including Herceptin in 16 patients. With respect to histology, HER2 3+ rate was 23% in mucinous, 11% in endometrioid, 9% in clear cell, and 5% in high-grade serous type. HER2 3+ was exclusively identified in BRCA wildtype, mismatch repair proficient, or PD-L1 low expressing patients. Genomic analysis showed that in HER2 2+ or 3+ patients the TP53 mutation rate was lower and other mutations such as ARID1A, KRAS, PIK3CA were relatively more common, compared to HER2 0 or 1+ patients. CNV analysis showed that 4 out of 5 patients with HER2 3+ showed ERBB2 amplification on NGS. With respect to anatomical distribution, HER2+ and 3+ were frequently identified in ovary and breast biopsy specimen. Out of 20 patients with multiple time-lagged biopsy, 9 patients showed an increase in HER2 expression in the later biopsy sample. Conclusion: Ovarian cancer patients with HER2 overexpression show a distinct histological, IHC, and genomic profile. HER2 targeting agent may serve as a potential option for BRCA wildtype patients, especially in the later lines of treatment.