Identification of HvLRX, a new dehydration and light responsive gene in Tibetan hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare var. nudum)

Liang Junjun,Zhang Haili,Yi Ling,Tang Yawei,Long Hai,Yu Maoqun,Deng Guangbing 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.12

Background Tibetan hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare var. nudum), adjusting to the harsh environment on Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, is a good subject for analyzing drought tolerance mechanism. Several unannotated diferentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identifed through our previous RNA-Seq study using two hulless barley accessions with contrasting drought tolerance. One of these DEGs, HVU010048.2, showed up-regulated pattern under dehydration stress in both drought tolerant (DT) and drought susceptible (DS) accessions, while its function in drought resistance remains unknown. This new gene was named as HvLRX (light responsive X), because its expression was induced under high light intensity while suppressed under dark. Objective To provide preliminary bioinformatics prediction, expression pattern, and drought resistance function of this new gene. Methods Bioinformatics analysis of HvLRX were conducted by MEGA, PlantCARE, ProtParam, CELLO et al. The expression pattern of HvLRX under diferent light intensity, dehydration shock, gradual drought stress, NaCl stress, polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 stress and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment was investigated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The function of HvLRX was analyzed by virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) in hulless barley and by transgenic method in tobacco. Results Full cDNAs of HvLRX were cloned and compared in three hulless barley accessions. Homologues of HvLRX protein in other plants were excavated and their phylogenetic relationship was analyzed. Several light responsive elements (ATC-motif, Box 4, G-box, Sp1, and chs-CMA1a) were identifed in its promoter region. Its expression can be promoted under high light intensity, dehydration shock, gradual drought stress, PEG 6000, and NaCl stress, but was almost unchanged in ABA treatment. HvLRX-silenced plants had a higher leaf water loss rate (WLR) and a lower survival rate (SR) compared with controls under dehydration stress. The infected leaves of HvLRX-silenced plants lost their water content quickly and became withered at 10 dpi. The SR of HvLRX overexpressed transgenic tobacco plants was signifcantly higher than that of wild-type plants. These results indicated HvLRX play a role in drought resistance. Besides, retarded vegetative growth was detected in HvLRX-silenced hulless barley plants, which suggested that this gene is important for plant development. Conclusions This study provided data of bioinformatics, expression pattern, and function of HvLRX. To our knowledge, this is the frst report of this new dehydration and light responsive gene.

Effects of body weight and fiber sources on fiber digestibility and short chain fatty acid concentration in growing pigs

Zhao Jinbiao,Liu Xuzhou,Zhang Yi,Liu Ling,Wang Junjun,Zhang Shuai 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.12

Objective: The study was conducted to determine the effects of body weight (BW) and fiber sources on nutrient digestibility, fiber fermentation and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration in different intestinal segments of growing pigs fed high-fiber diets. Methods: Nine barrows with initial BW of 25.17±0.73 kg and 9 barrows with initial BW of 63.47±2.18 kg were allotted to a duplicate 9×2 Youden Square design with 3 dietary treatments and 2 periods. The dietary treatments were formulated with 3 different high-fiber ingredients: corn bran, sugar beet pulp, and soybean hulls, respectively. Each diet was fed to 3 barrows with different stage of BW in each period. Results: There were no differences in the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of most nutrients between pigs at different BW stages. Pigs at 60 kg had greater (p<0.05) apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of total dietary fiber (TDF), soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), and had greater (p<0.05) hindgut disappearance of IDF and cellulose than pigs at 25 kg. The acetate, propionate and total SCFA concentrations in ileal digesta and feces of pigs at 60 kg were greater (p<0.05) than those of pigs at 25 kg. In addition, fiber sources affected (p<0.05) the AID of gross energy (GE), organic matter (OM), ether extract (EE), crude protein, SDF and hemicellulose, the hindgut disappearance and ATTD of dietary fiber components, the lactate and propionate concentrations in ileal digesta and the butyrate, valerate and total SCFA concentrations in feces. There were interactions (p<0.05) between BW and fiber sources on the AID of GE, OM, EE, SDF, hemicellulose, the ATTD of EE, TDF, and IDF, and the hindgut disappearance of SDF and hemicellulose. Conclusion: Increasing BW mainly improved the digestibility of dietary fiber fractions, and the dietary fiber sources influenced the digestibility of almost all the dietary nutrients in growing pigs.

Determination and prediction of the digestible and metabolizable energy contents of corn germ meal in growing pigs

Meng Shi,Zhaoyu Liu,Hong Liang Wang,Chuanxin Shi,Ling Liu,Junjun Wang,Defa Li,Shuai Zhang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.3

Objective: This experiment was conducted to determine the chemical composition, digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) contents of corn germ meals (CGM) and to develop equations to predict the corresponding energy contents based on the chemical characteristics of individual CGM. Methods: Sixty-six barrows (initial body weight = 51.3±4.6 kg) were allotted to 11 diets including a basal diet and 10 CGM test diets in a completely randomized design. In the test diets, CGM was included in replacement of 30% of the energy-providing ingredients in the basal diet, resulting in a final inclusion rate of 29.1%. Each diet was fed to 6 barrows housed in individual metabolism crates for a 7-d acclimation period followed by a 5-d total but separate collection of feces and urine. Results: Considerable variation was observed in acid-hydrolyzed ether extract, ether extract, ash, calcium (Ca) and total phosphorus contents among the CGM samples. On dry matter (DM) basis, the DE and ME contents of the CGM ranged from 10.22 to 15.83 MJ/kg and from 9.94 to 15.43 MJ/kg, respectively. The acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents were negatively correlated with the DE and ME contents of CGM samples. The best-fit prediction equations for the DE and ME values (MJ/kg DM) of the 10 CGM were: DE = 26.85–0.28 insoluble dietary fiber (%)–17.79 Ca (%); ME = 21.05–0.43 ADF (%)–11.40 Ca (%). Conclusion: The chemical compositions of CGM vary depending on sources, particularly in ether extract and Ca. The DE and ME values of CGM can be predicted based on their chemical composition in growing pigs.

SERPINE1 as an Independent Prognostic Marker and Therapeutic Target for Nicotine-Related Oral Carcinoma

Xiaopeng Guo,Xianlu Zhuo,Zhen Sun,Huarong Chen,Junjun Ling,Houyu Zhao,Aoshuang Chang 대한이비인후과학회 2023 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.16 No.1

Objectives. Nicotine is an ingredient of tobacco, and exposure to nicotine increases the risks of various cancers, includingoral cancer. Previous studies have focused on the addictive properties of nicotine, but its carcinogenic mechanism hasrarely been studied. We aimed to explore the key genes in the process through which nicotine promotes the occur-rence and development of oral cancer via data mining and experimental verification. Methods. This study involved three parts. First, key genes related to nicotine-related oral cancer were screened throughdata mining; second, the expression and clinical significance of a key gene in oral cancer tissues were verified by bio-informatics. Finally, the expression and clinical significance of the key gene in oral cancer were histologically investi-gated, and the effects of its expression on cell proliferation, invasion, and drug resistance were cytologically assessed. Results. SERPINE1 was identified as the key gene, which was upregulated in nicotine-treated oral cells and may be an in-dependent prognostic factor for oral cancer. SERPINE1 was enriched in various pathways, such as the tumor necro-sis factor and apelin pathways, and was related to the infiltration of macrophages, CD4+T cells, and CD8+T cells. Overexpression of SERPINE1 was associated with N staging and may be involved in hypoxia, angiogenesis, and me-tastasis. Knockdown of SERPINE1 in oral cancer cells resulted in weakened cell proliferation and invasion abilityand increased sensitivity to bleomycin and docetaxel. Conclusion. This study revealed SERPINE1 as a key gene for nicotine-related oral cancer, indicating that SERPINE1 maybe a novel prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for oral carcinoma.