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스포츠심리학 : 선택적 주의과제에서 시각자극 난이도에 따른 뇌파변화
이정희(JungHeeLee),김진구(JinGuKim),정상택(SangTackChung),김성운(SungWoonKim),이인희(RenXiLi) 한국체육학회 2005 한국체육학회지 Vol.44 No.6
The purpose of this study was to examine the P300 by gradually increasing the visual stimulus and the subject identification degrees to find out the reaction changes inside the information processing part of the brain. Subjects consisted of 14 University students, whose ages ranged from 21 to 26 with an average age of 21.5. The subjects were ordered to divide five circles into 3(task3), 4(task4), 5(task5), 6(task6) and 7(task7) parts. After dividing, subjects were shown an image of one of the previously divided circles and then asked to react the presented images match from one of the five circles laid out before then. Results were analyzed based on the average ranges of Fz, Cz, Pz, O1 and O2. Results showed that correct responses to magnetic pole identification in task3 was higher than task7. P300 latencies of subjects were also higher in task3 than task4, task5 and task6. Comparison of amplitude and latency ranges revealed that Fz, Cz, and Pz had high amplitude but long latencies, while O1 and O2 had low amplitude but short latencies. In addition, standard stimulus showed a higher amplitude and longer latency than target stimulus, which showed low amplitude and short latency. In conclusion, P300 may be associated with task identification and decision making. Higher amplitudes suggest that the brain needed more cognitive effort which may have resulted in the delay of the actual condition. This study may help in understanding the relationship between the degrees of identification and the brain's cognitive process in brain neurophysiology.
In-vivo Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Adnexal Lesions
SeongWhiCho,SoonGuCho,JungHeeLee,Hyung-JinKim,MyungKwanLim,JongHwaKim,ChangHaeSuh 대한영상의학회 2002 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.3 No.2
Objective: To explore the in-vivo 1H- MR spectral features of adnexal lesions and to characterize the spectral patterns of various pathologic entities. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one patients with surgically and histopathologically confirmed adnexal lesions underwent short echo-time STEAM (stimulated echo acquisition method) 1H- MR spectroscopy, and the results obtained were analysed. Results: The methylene present in fatty acid chains gave rise to a lipid peak of 1.3 ppm in the 1H- MR spectra of most malignant tumors and benign teratomas. This same peak was not observed, however, in the spectra of benign ovarian epithelial tumors: in a number of these, a peak of 5.2 ppm, due to the presence of the olefine group (-CH=CH-) was noted. The ratios of lipid peak at 1.3 ppm to water peak (lipid/water ratios) varied between disease groups, and in some benign teratomas was characteristically high. Conclusion: An intense lipid peak at 1.3 ppm is observed in malignant ovarian tumors but not in benign epithelial tumors. 1H- MRS may therefore be helpful in the differential diagnosis of adnexal lesions.
Localized 1H-MR Spectroscopy in Moyamoya Disease before and after Revascularization Surgery
SooMeeLim,Hye-YoungChoi,JungSooSuh,JungHeeLee,KeunHoLim,DaeChulSuh,HoKyuLee,Tae-HwanLim,YoungShinRa 대한영상의학회 2003 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.4 No.2
Objective: To evaluate, using localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), the cerebral metabolic change apparent after revascularization surgery in patients with moyamoya disease. Materials and Methods: Sixteen children with moyamoya disease and eight age-matched normal controls underwent MR imaging, MR angiography, conventional angiography, and 99mTc- ECD SPECT. Frontal white matter and the basal ganglia of both hemispheres were subjected to localized 1H-MRS, and after revascularization surgery, four patients underwent follow-up 1H-MRS. Results: Decreased NAA/Cr ratios (1.35 0.14 in patients vs. 1.55 0.24 in controls) and Cho/Cr ratios (0.96 0.13 in patients vs. 1.10 0.11 in controls) were observed in frontal white matter. After revascularization surgery, NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios in this region increased. In the basal ganglia, there is no abnormal metabolic ratios. Conclusion: Localized 1H-MRS revealed abnormal metabolic change in both hemispheres of children with moyamoya disease. Because of its non-invasive nature, 1H-MRS is potentially useful for the preoperative evaluation of metabolic abnormalities and their postoperative monitoring.
Fire-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Brain 1H-MR Spetroscopic Findings
MyungKwanLim,ChangHaeSuh,HyungJinKim,SungTaeKim,JeongSeopLee,MinHeeKang,JiHyeKim,JungHeeLee 대한영상의학회 2003 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.4 No.2
Objective: To investigate the MR imaging and 1H-MR spectroscopic findings of acute fire-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Materials and Methods: Sixteen patients (M:F=10:6; mean age, 16 years) with fire-related PTSD underwent MR imaging and 1H-MR spectroscopy, and for control purposes, the procedures were repeated in eight age-matched normal volunteers. In all patients and controls, the regions of interest where data were acquired at MRS were the basal ganglia (BG), frontal periventricular white matter (FWM), and parietal periventricular white matter (PWM). Results: In all patients with PTSD, MR images appeared normal. In contrast, MRS showed that in the BG, NAA/Cr ratios were significantly lower in patients than in volunteers. This decrease did not, however, show close correlation with the severity of the neuropsychiatric symptoms. In patients, neither NAA/Cr ratios in FWM nor PWM, nor Cho/Cr ratios in all three regions, were significantly different from those in the control group. Conclusion: Decreased NAA/Cr ratios in the BG, as seen at 1H-MRS, might be an early sign of acute fire-related PTSD.
Clinical, Laboratory, and Bone Marrow Findings of 31 Patients With Waldenström Macroglobulinemia
Ari Ahn,Chan Jeoung Park,조영욱,장성수,Eul-Ju Seo,JungHeeLee,Dok Hyun Yoon,Cheol Won Suh 대한진단검사의학회 2020 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.40 No.3
Background: Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a subset of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) with bone marrow (BM) involvement and an IgM monoclonal gammopathy of any level. We aimed to identify the clinical, laboratory, and BM findings of patients with WM and to evaluate the usefulness of CD154 for the diagnosis and prognosis of WM. Methods: We reviewed the medical records and BM studies and/or flow cytometric immunotyping of 31 patients with untreated WM. Semiquantitative immunohistochemistry (CD20, CD138, tryptase, and CD154) of BM was performed. Results: Only six patients presented with symptoms of hyperviscosity syndrome. Eleven patients had solid cancer and/or another hematologic malignancy. Mast cells (MC) increased in all samples, with some in close contact with tumor cells. Tryptase-positive MC (17.1/ high-power fields [HPF], 1.2–72.0/HPF) and CD154-positive MC (8.6/HPF, 0.1–31.1/HPF) were observed. The high CD154-positive MC (≥8.6/HPF) group showed a lower overall five-year survival rate than the low CD154-positive MC (<8.6/HPF) group (71.9% vs. 100.0%; P=0.012). Flow cytometric immunophenotyping of BM aspirates showed increased B lymphocytes and plasma cells with a normal phenotype (CD138+/CD38+/CD19+/CD45+/CD56−). Conclusions: Approximately one third of WM patients showed other malignancies and all patients had increased MC. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometric immunophenotyping are useful for diagnosing WM, and increased CD154-positive MC can indicate poor prognosis.
Improving Memory Efficiency of Dynamic Memory Allocators for Real-Time Embedded Systems
Junghee Lee,이준환 한국전자통신연구원 2011 ETRI Journal Vol.33 No.2
Dynamic memory allocators for real-time embedded systems need to fulfill three fundamental requirements: bounded worst-case execution time, fast average execution time, and minimal fragmentation. Since embedded systems generally run continuously during their whole lifetime, fragmentation is one of the most important factors in designing the memory allocator. This paper focuses on minimizing fragmentation while other requirements are still satisfied. To minimize fragmentation, a part of a memory region is segregated by the proposed budgeting method that exploits the memory profile of the given application. The budgeting method can be applied for any existing memory allocators. Experimental results show that the memory efficiency of allocators can be improved by up to 18.85% by using the budgeting method. Its worst-case execution time is analyzed to be bounded.