한국인 제2형 당뇨병 환자의 골격근에서 인슐린 신호전달체계의 결함

최준혁,이관우,김효정,이동훈,이종우,김정은,엄현채,김경미,최성이,정윤석,김현만 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.5

연구배경: 제2형 당뇨병에서 나타나는 인슐린 저항성은 간, 지방, 근육 같은 말초조직에서 인슐린의 작용이 떨어지는 것을 말한다. 제2형 당뇨병의 발생기전에 인슐린 저항성과 인슐린 분비능 저하가 같이 관여함은 잘 알려진 사실이다. 인슐린의 세포내에서의 저항성을 규명하기 위한 인슐린의 세포내 신호전달체계에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으며 몇몇 연구에서 인슐린 저항성을 가진 골격근육에서 IRS와 관련된 PI3-kinase의 활성감소와 Akt kinase의 활성감소를 보고하고 있으나 아직까지 명확하게 그 기작이 설명되어지지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 정상성인, 제2형 당뇨병 환자를 대상으로 경구당부하검사 및 인슐린 클램프검사를 시행하고 인슐린 클램프 검사시 대상인의 근육을 채취하여 인슐린 신호전달 체계(IR-β, IRS, Akt(PKB, Rac) kinase, GSK-3)를 연구하였다. 방법: 연구대상자는 한국인으로서 경구당부하검사상 정상인 및 당뇨병 환자 각각 11명, 9명을 대상으로 하였으며, 정상인은 건강인으로 과거력상 당대사에 영향을 줄 질환이 없고, 현재 당대사에 영향을 줄 약물 복용 및 다른 소견이 없는 경구당부하검사상 정성 내당능을 보이는 대상자로 하였다. 당뇨병환자는 모두 제2형 당뇨병 환자로 이환기간이 만 5년 이내인 경우로 하고, 인슐린으로 치료하는 대상자는 제외하도록 하였다. 대상자의 연령, 체질량지수, 체지방량, 공복시 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤 및 HbA1c, 인슐린, C-peptide를 측정하였고, "HOMA model"을 이용하여 베타세포의 기능와 인슐린저항성 정도를 평가하였다. 정상혈당클램프 검사(euhlycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test)를 시행하고 인슐린 투입 전과 인슐린 투입 30분후, 두차례에 걸쳐 대퇴부 근육생검을 실시한후 western 법으로 IR-β, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3의 인산화량을 측정하였다. 결과: 정상인 11명과 당뇨병 환자 9명을 대상으로 하였으며 대상자의 평균 연령, 평균 체질량지수, 체지방량, 허리/엉덩이 둘레의 비(waist hip ratio; WHR)는 두 군간에 차이가 없었다. 평균 공복혈당은 정상군 98.0±0.3㎎/dL, 당뇨병군 208.1±16.5㎎/dL(p<0.05), HbA1c는 정상군 5.4±0.5%, 당뇨병군 9.2±0.6%(p<0.05)였다. "HOMA model"을 이용한 베타세포의 기능과 인슐린저항성은 정상군 56.4±8.5%, 1.4±0.2, 당뇨병군 72.2±52.3%(p<0.01), 10.2±6.3(p<0.01)였으며 정상혈당클램프 검사상 포도당 이용률은 정상군 8.2±0.6㎎/㎏/min, 당뇨병군 3.7±1.1㎎/㎏/min(p<0.01)로 정상군과 당뇨병군간에 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. Western blot법으로 IR-β, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3의 인산화량을 인슐린 투입전과 인슐린 투입 30분후 측정하였을 때 IR-β에서는 정상군이 103.9±2.3에서 241.3±18.6, 당뇨군이 108.9±2.2에서 198.7±6.3으로 증가하였다(p=NS). 이는 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 통계적인 차이가 없었다. IRS에서는 정상군이 111.6±7.3에서 295.6±17.2, 당뇨군이 114.5±6.1에서 222.0±23.2로 증가하였으며(p<0.05), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 24% 감소하였다. Akt kinase에서는 103.4±6.0에서 416.8±29.5로 증가하였으며(p<0.01), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 43% 감소하였다. GSK-3에서는 정상군이 107.7±6.7에서 595.7±28.1, 당뇨군이 104.3±4.8에서 443.3±12.9로 증가하였으며(p<0.01), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 25% 감소하였다. 결론: 제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 정상인과 비교하여 인슐린 자극후 IR-β는 인산화량의 증가정도가 큰 차이가 없었으나, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3에서는 인산화량의 증가 정도가 감소되는 것으로 보아 상위 인슐린 신호전단체계부터 결함이 있는 것으로 생각된다. Background: The glucose uptake rate is the limiting step in glucose utilization and storage. The failure of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake in muscle appears to be a primary defect of insulin resistance. This study was undertaken to examine the effect of physiological hyperinsulinemia on the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR-β), insulin receptor substrate (IRS), Akt kinase and GSK-3 in isolated skeletal muscle, in people with type 2 diabetes(n=9) and control subjects(n=11). Methods: 75g OGTT and euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test were done. And vastus lateralis muscle was obtained before and 30 min into the euglycemic clamp. Western blots were performed for tyrosine phosphroylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) and phosphorylation of the insulin receptor(IR-β), Akt and GSK-3. Result: There were no statistical differences in the mean age, BMI and body fat between the control subjects and diabetic patients. The fasting blood sugar and HbA_1c in controls and diabetic patients were 98.0±0.3 and 208.1±16.5ng/dl, and 5.4±0.5 and 9.2±0.6%, and 1.4±0.2 in the control subjects, and 72.2±52.3%(p<0.01) and 10.2±6.3(p<0.01) in the diabetic patients, respectively. The insulin resistance from the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test were 8.2±0.6㎎/㎏/min and 3.7±1.1ng/㎏/min in the control subjects and in the diabetic patients, respectively(p<0.01). Compared with the normal controls, insulin-stimulated IR phosphorylation was no different to that in the diabetic patients. However, insulin-stimulated IRS phosphorylation, insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and insulin-stimulated GSK-3 phosphorylation were reduced in the diabetic patients compared with the normal controls by 24, 43 and 25%, respectively(p<0.05). Conclusion: In Korean type 2 diabetic patients, the insulin resistance may be due to the impairment of the upstream insulin signal molecular network. Further studies will focus on determining whether these signaling defects are the cause of the development of insulin resistance, or secondary to the altered metabolic state, associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 17:685∼697, 2002).

정신분열병 및 정신분열형 장애에 대한 올란자핀의 효과와 안전성

안용민,강대엽,권준수,김창윤,김철응,반건호,신영민,이기철,이동우,이중서,조현상,채정호,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.4

연구목적 : 본 다기관 공동임상연구는 국내 환자를 대상으로 새로운 항정신병약물인 올라자핀의 치료 효과와 안전성을 확인하고자 시행되었다. 방 법 : 1999년 7월부터 2000년 3월까지 국내 10개 병원에 방문한 정신분열병 및 정신분열형 장애 105명을 대상으로 비대조 개방 임상연구를 시행하였다. 중등도 이상의 정신병 증상을 지니거나, 부작용으로 약물교체가 필요한 경우 또는 기분장애 증상의 치료가 필요한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 2∼7일간의 약물 배설기간 후에 1일 10mg의 올란자핀을 투여하였고, 이후로 3∼7일 간격으로 용량을 조절하여 총 8주간 투여하였다. 치료 효과는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), BPRS(Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression-Severity), MADRS(Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale), HAM-A(Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety)로 판정하였다. 안전성 평가는 자발적인 이상반응 보고, 활력징후와 혈액 검사 및 SAS(Simpson-Angus Scale), BARS(Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale), AIMS(Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale)척도를 이용하였다. 결 과 : 105명중에서 85.7%인 90명이 8주간의 치료를 완료하였다. 평균 최빈 용량은 일일 16.1(±4.7)mg이었고, 종료시점에서의 BPRS전체 점수가 기저 상태에 비해 40%이상 감소된 반응군은 69.5%이었다. PANSS의 양성 증후군과 일반정신병리 뿐만 아니라 음성 증후군 소척도에서도 유의한 감소를 보였으며, 이 감소들은 치료 초기부터 나타나서 8주간 지속되었다. 43.8%의 피험자가 중등도 이상의 우울증상을 같이 지니고 있었으며, 올란자핀에 의해 MADRS와 HAM-A가 유의하게 감소하였다. 치료 기간 동안에 활력징후에는 뚜렷한 변화가 없었으나 체중은 8주간 지속적으로 증가하였다. SAS와 AIMS는 감소하였으며, 정좌불능증을 제외한 나머지 추체외로 증상의 발생비율도 낮았다. 임상적인 증상이나 징후를 동반하지 않는 ALT/SGPT의 상승을 보였지만 프로락틴을 포함하는 대부분의 혈액 검사상 뚜렷한 이상 변화는 없었다. 결 론 ; 비록 본 임상연구가 비대조 개방 임상연구로서 많은 제한점을 가지고 있지만, 올란자핀이 기존 약물에 내약성을 보이거나 기분증상을 동반하는 정신병에 치료 효과가 있었다. 그리고 기존 항정신병약물 치료시에 문제가 되었던 추체외로 증상과 고프르로락틴 혈증을 포함하는 대부분의 부작용면에서 안전성을 보여 주었다. Objective : This multicenter clinical trial was carried out to investigate the efficacy and the safety of olanzpine for the treatment of Korean patients. Mothod : 105 patients with schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder, visited at 10 mental or university hospitals, had received an open and non-comparative treatment with olanzapine for 8 weeks. Patients had psychotic or depressive symptoms with the severity above moderate degree or intolerable side effects to previous antipsychotics. After a wash-out period of 2-7 days, 10mg olanzapine was prescribed initially to all the patients, and then the dosage could be adjusted within the range of 5-20mg/day of olanzapine by 3-7 days. Results : 90(85.7%) of 105 patients completed the 8-weeks trial and the mean modal dose of olanzapine was 16.1(±4.7%)mg/day. At the end of the trial, 73 patients(69.5%) were classified as responder, which was defined as 40% or more improvement in BPRS(Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale) score comparing to baseline. There was a significant reduction in the scores of PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale)and subscales including negative symptom scores and CGI. Also weekly analysis showed that the reductions in scores were kept on for the whole period of the trial. 43.8% of all the patients had depressive symptoms at the baseline and total scores of MADRS(Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale) and HAM-A(Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety) were also reduced after the trials. Vital signs revealed no clinically significant changes but continuous weight gain was observed during the treatment with olanzapine. The scores of SAS(Simpson-Angus Scale) and AIMS(Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale) for assessing the EPS(extrapyramidal symptoms)and tardive dyskinesia respectively were significantly decreased and only a few patients reported EPS as adverse events. Although mild and clinically non-significant of ALT/SGPT was observed, most laboratory parameters including plasma prolactin level showed to significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : Although this trial had many limitations because it was a non-comparative and open study, olanzapine showed high efficacy on the positive, negative and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder.In addition to that, olanzapine showed a substantially favorable safety profile, such as low incidence of EPS and hyperprolactinemia.

상황에 따른 MP3 뮤직플레이어의 제스처 인터랙션 어휘 목록 디자인 연구

채정이(Jung Yi Chae),이상미(Sangmee Lee),조광수(Kwangsu Cho) 한국HCI학회 2012 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1

스마트폰의 멀티터치와 같은 기존 인터페이스는 사용자가 정지된 상황이나 시각적 인터랙션이 상황이 중심이 되었지만, 사용자는 운전을 하거나 원격조절을 해야 하는 상황에서는 기존의 인터페이스가 심각한 사용성 문제를 야기 시킬 수 있다. 이에 따라 제스처 기반 인터랙션은 사용성을 높여주는 하나의 대안로 기대가 높다. 본 연구에서는 사용자가 정지한 상황과 움직이는 상황에서 MP3 뮤직플레이어를 효과적으로 사용할 수 있는 제스처 인터랙션을 디자인 하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 제스처 UI 인식 방식은 컴퓨터 센서 제스처, 멀티 터치 제스처, 자이로 센서 세 가지로 제한하였다. 연구의 결과로서, 연구에서 설정한 두 가지 상황에 따라 사용하는 제스처의 어휘 목록을 개발하였다. 이 어휘목록은 MP3 플레이어를 다양한 상황에서 효과적으로 사용할 수 있 상황 제스처 사용성을 저하시키는 요인이 될 수 있다. 이 어휘목록은 MP3 플레이어를 연구에서 제시한 정적 상황과 동적 상황뿐만 아니라 보다 다양한 상황에서도 효과적으로 사용할 수 있도록 할 것이다. 하지만 두 상황으로 인한 제스처 어휘는 다른 측면에서 사용성을 저하 시키는 요인이 될 수 있다. Existing interfaces such as multi touch in smart phones are made up of visual interactions. However, the interactions have caused inconvenience when users drive, exercise, or manipulate them as remote controlled device. Hence, gesture based interaction is highly expected to be an alternative interaction for enhancing usage. This study aimed to design gesture interactions that users are able to use effectively in jogging and also in standing conditions. We provided three input methods: (1) computer vision sensor, (2) multi touch, and (3) gyro-sensor. To draw a result of this study, we suggested gesture vocabulary depending on two different scenarios. The vocabulary may be used effectively not only in set situations of our experiment but also in the diverse situations. However, the gesture vocabulary based on two opposed conditions may weaken the benefits of using gesture interaction.

방송통신융합에 따른 국내,외 IPTV콘텐츠 제작 및 시장분석에 관한 연구

채정이 ( Jung Yi Chae ),김효용 ( Hyo Yong Kim ) 한국디지털영상학회 2008 디지털영상학술지 Vol.5 No.2

IPTV may enjoy the mental satisfaction more abundant by the encounter by which the mankind will be possibly superspeed communication technology and flashy picture technology now it`s possible to call a fused medium shipping off communication which jumps over time and the spatial restrictions. When wired IPTV service is approaching audience at present as I preceded and referred, wireless IPTV service isn`t far, and would come. But before developing technology IPTV service would have to develop the contents. When there are no contents it`s possible to reel with technological development, relevant technology and it`s to spread and lose its value. The problem that domestic and abroad IPTV service is faced with it at present can be chosen as a problem about infrastructure building and a problem about an offer of contents big. When industrial development draws in with later, an infrastructure building problem has a high settled possibility but a problem of absence of contents makes industrial in general cause fatal damage. A developed view isn`t certain by a relation between the PP traders and the cable traders in domestic IPTV which stepped on one step surely. A IPTV service industry is making an effort to do market securement by various strategies to conquer this. When judging by the worldwide situation, polyhedral, IPTV which will search a service enemy for stability politically from now on is the medium with highest possibility that future`s civilized life is changed. In this paper, will be stigated to the present state of IPTV and this be checked to the direction future will advance towards a foundation.

부산·울산·경남지역 직업병 감시체계

김정일,김병권,김정원,채창호,이철호,강동묵,김지홍,김진하,김영욱,이영하,이지호,김정호,윤형렬,유철인,정백근,장태원,김운규,윤동영,강진욱,김종은,안진홍,이동준,장준호,이광영,송혜란,최영희,이용환,조병만,최홍렬,고상백,김은아,이유진,홍영습,정갑열,김정만,김준연 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Objective: Occupational medicine specialists in the Busan, Ulsan and Kyung-Nam areas established an area-based occupational disease surveillance system and used this system to collected case information for the purpose of preventing occupational diseases Methods: l l hospital participated in this system. The authors selected five main diseases, which were hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS), work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WRMSD), occupational asthma, occupational skin disease and occupational and occupational lung cancer and established their case definitions. All cases were reported on the web, and real time analysis was conducted. Results: Between April 2001 and April 2003, 192 cases of HAVS, 118 cases of WRMSD, 33 cases of occupational asthma, 17 cases of occupational skin disease and 17 cases of occupational lung cancer (for a total of 377 cases of these five main diseases) were reported. most of the HAVS cases came from shipbuilding, and 172 of them (92.7%) were associated with grinding. Of the four main types of WRMSD, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) was the most prevalent with 46 cases and shipbuilding was also the main industry involved (83.9%). The ergonomic risk factors involved mainly associated with the hand. In 19 (57.6%) and 4 (12.1%) cases of occupational asthma, the agents involved. The causative agents of occupational lung cancer included Cr, welding fume, PAH, Ni, etc. 10(58.8%) of the cases were diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma and 5(29.4%) as adenoma. Conclusion: This result showed that an area-based occupational disease surveillance system might provide an effective method of evaluating the prevalence of such diseases, however the Busan, Ulsan and Kyung-Nam provinces are too large to be treated as individual areas. Therefore, the authors suggest that each province should establish its own surveillance system.

The synergistic effect of cooperating solvent vapor annealing for high-efficiency planar inverted perovskite solar cells

Yi, Ahra,Chae, Sangmin,Lee, Hanbin,Kim, Hyo Jung The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.7 No.48

<P>Solvent vapor annealing (SVA) is an effective post-treatment process to improve the quality of crystals and grains in metal halide perovskite films. Whereas SVA has been successfully adopted for the fabrication of perovskite films <I>via</I> the conventional two-step method, its adaptation to the simple single-step perovskite film deposition method has been limited because of the rapid transition of the precursor to the perovskite structure. In the present study, we demonstrate highly efficient and stable single-step-based inverted perovskite solar cells fabricated with perovskite films prepared using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water as a combined solvent in SVA treatment. The treatment with DMSO alone resulted in the growth of large grains (∼900 nm) in the lateral direction at the surface region; however, voids and defects were observed in the vertical direction at the bottom interfacial region of the CH3NH3PbI3 layer, which resulted in poor device properties. Interestingly, the combined DMSO-water induced vertical growth of almost single grains and the healing effect of water improved the grain quality. As a result, we fabricated co-SVA CH3NH3PbI3 devices with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.52%. This PCE, which is much higher than that of pristine devices, was attributed to reduced nonradiative recombination. In addition, co-SVA solar cells displayed remarkable stability and their universality in various types of perovskite materials was demonstrated. We anticipate that our proposed process and mechanism will be widely used in the future development of perovskite-based devices.</P>

내시경 경비적 낭포 배액술(Endoscopic Nasocystic Drainage)로 치유된 췌장 거대 가성 낭포에 의한 상부 위장관 폐색증 1예

정성훈,김명환,이성구,이선영,민영일,채제건,김형호 대한소화기학회 1992 대한소화기학회지 Vol.24 No.5

A 40-year-old man was admitted due to vomiting and periumblical abdominal pain. He was diagnosed as chronic pancreatitis with pseudocyst, which compressed the duodenal bulb. Endoscopic cystoduodenostomy and nosocystic drainage were performed. As a result, pseudocyst was disappeared and obstruction was relieved. In conclusion, endoscopic cystoduodenostomy and nasocystic drainage will be a good alternative treatment to surgical or percutaneous drainage in the specific indications of a pseudocyst bulging into the duodenum or stomach.

Effect of vancomycin plus rifampicin in the treatment of nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia

Jung, Young Ju,Koh, Younsuck,Hong, Sang-Bum,Chung, Joo Won,Choi, Sang Ho,Kim, Nam Joong,Kim, Mi-Na,Choi, Ik Su,Han, Song Yi,Kim, Won-Dong,Yun, Sung-Cheol,Lim, Chae-Man by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and Lippi 2010 Critical care medicine Vol.38 No.1

OBJECTIVE:: To investigate whether adding rifampicin to vancomycin could cure more patients with nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia compared with vancomycin-only. DESIGN:: Prospective randomized open-label study. SETTING:: Medical intensive care unit in Seoul, Korea. PATIENTS:: Ninety-three of 183 patients with Gram-positive nosocomial pneumonia. INTERVENTIONS:: The enrolled patients with subsequently documented methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia (modified intention-to-treat population) were treated with vancomycin (1 g intravenous every 12 hrs) plus rifampicin (300 mg twice daily by mouth) (n = 41) or with vancomycin-only (n = 42). The intended treatment (at least 5 days) was completed in 30 patients in the vancomycin plus rifampicin group and 34 patients in the vancomycin-only group (per protocol population). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:: The primary outcome was the clinical cure rate on day 14 of treatment. The secondary outcomes were intensive care unit mortality on days 28 and 60, and microbiological eradication on day 14. The clinical cure rate in the modified intention-to-treat population was 53.7% (22 of 41) in the vancomycin plus rifampicin group, and 31.0% (13 of 42) in the vancomycin-only group (p = .047), and the respective rates in the per protocol population were 63.3% (19 of 30) and 38.2% (13 of 34) (p = .079). The respective mortality rates were nine (22.0%) of 41 and 16 (38.1%) of 42 on day 28 (p = .151), and 11 (26.8%) of 41 and 21 (50.0%) of 42 on day 60 (p = .042). The microbiological eradication rate did not differ between groups (p = .472). CONCLUSIONS:: Vancomycin plus rifampicin seems to be more effective than vancomycin alone in the treatment of nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia.

A Time-Based Receiver With 2-Tap Decision Feedback Equalizer for Single-Ended Mobile DRAM Interface

Yi, Il-Min,Chae, Min-Kyun,Hyun, Seok-Hun,Bae, Seung-Jun,Choi, Jung-Hwan,Jang, Seong-Jin,Kim, Byungsub,Sim, Jae-Yoon,Park, Hong-June IEEE 2018 IEEE journal of solid-state circuits Vol.53 No.1

<P>A time-based (TB) receiver (RX) with a 2-tap TB decision feedback equalizer (DFE) is proposed for mobile DRAM interface. The TB RX consists of a voltage-to-time converter (VTC), a TB DFE, and a time comparator. The VTC converts the RX input voltage to a time difference between two VTC outputs by using the difference in clock-to-Q delays between two latches with different input offset voltages. The TB DFE inserts an additional delay to one of the two VTC outputs and bypasses the other VTC output to increase the time opening. The time comparator makes a decision with the first arriving edge of the two outputs of the TB DFE. While the feedback loop delay must be less than 1 UI for proper operation in the conventional voltage-based DFE, the TB DFE allows the feedback loop delay up to 1.43 UI in this paper. A transmitter (TX) transmits a single-ended signal of 200-mV swing by using an n-over-n voltage-mode driver. The transceiver in a 65-nm CMOS process achieves a 12.5 Gb/s with a 0.8-V supply through a 15-inch FR-4 channel of 14-dB loss. The TX and RX chip consume 4.3 and 3.4 mA, respectively. The energy efficiency is 0.49 pJ/b.</P>

Using Femtosecond Laser Irradiation to Enhance the Vertical Electrical Properties and Tailor the Morphology of a Conducting Polymer Blend Film

Chae, Sangmin,Yi, Ahra,Park, Cheolmin,Chang, Won Seok,Lee, Hyun Hwi,Choi, Jiyeon,Kim, Hyo Jung American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.29

<P>We report femtosecond infrared laser-induced selective tailoring of carrier transport as well as surface morphology on a conducting polymer blend thin film. Maximal 2.4 times enhancement on vertical current transport in poly(3-hexylthiophene):phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester, was achieved by this irradiation. The laser irradiation induced a photo expansion without deteriorating its molecular structure and the film morphology could be customized in the micron scale by adjusting the laser writing parameters. In the photoexpanded region, the face-on populations were about 2.2 times larger in comparison with the pristine region, which was a major contributor to the enhanced carrier transport.</P>