VERTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE GLOBAL HAZE ON TITAN DEDUCED FROM METHANE BAND SPECTROSCOPY BETWEEN 7100 AND 9200Å

Sim, Chae-Kyung,Kim, Sang-Joon,Kim, Joo-Hyeon,Seo, Haing-Ja,Jung, Ae-Ran,Kim, Ji-Hyun The Korean Astronomical Society 2008 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.41 No.3

We have investigated the optical properties of the global haze on Titan from spectra recorded between 7100 and $9200{\AA}$, where $CH_4$ absorption bands of various intensities occur. The Titan spectra were obtained on Feb. 23, 2005 (UT), near the times of the Cassini T3 flyby and Huygens probe, using an optical echelle spectrograph (BOES) on the 1.8-m telescope at Bohyunsan Observatory in Korea. In order to derive the optical properties of the haze as a function of altitude, we developed an inversion radiative-transfer program using an atmospheric model of Titan and laboratory $CH_4$ absorption coefficients available from the literature. The derived extinction coefficients of the haze increase toward the surface, and the coefficients at shorter wavelengths are greater than those at longer wavelengths for the 30 - 120 km altitude range, indicating that the Titanian haze becomes optically thin toward the longer wavelength range. Total optical depths of the haze are estimated to be 1.4 and 1.2 for the 7270 - $7360{\AA}$ and 8940 - $9150{\AA}$ ranges, respectively. Based on the Huygens/DISR data set, Tomasko et al. (2005) reported total optical depths of 2.5 - 3.5 at $8290{\AA}$, depending on the assumed fractal aggregate particle model. The total optical depths based on our results are smaller than those of Tomasko et al., but they partially overlap with their results if we consider a large uncertainty from possible variations of the $CH_4$ mixing ratio over Titan's disk. We also derived the single scattering albedo of the haze particles as a function of altitude: it is less than 0.5 at altitudes higher than ${\sim}150\;km$, and approaches 1.0 toward the surface. This behavior suggests that, at altitudes above ${\sim}150\;km$, the average particle radius is smaller than the wavelengths, whereas near the surface, it becomes comparable or greater.

On the Strengthening Effects Affecting Tensile and Low Cycle Fatigue Properties of Low-Alloyed Seismic/Fire-Resistant Structural Steels

Jung‑Ho Sim,Tae‑Yeong Kim,Jun‑Yeon Kim,Chi‑Won Kim,Jun‑Ho Chung,Joonoh Moon,Chang‑Hoon Lee,Hyun‑Uk Hong 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.2

In the present study, low carbon ferritic and bainitic steels with different contents of Mo, Ti, and Nb were designed for bothseismic and fire-resistant applications. The microstructure of steels containing 0.3 wt% Mo–0.02 wt% Nb (‘A’ hereinafter)was mainly composed of bainite. By contrast, the microstructure of steels with 0.2 wt% Mo–0.13 wt% Ti (‘B’ hereinafter)consisted of ferrite with a high density of nano-sized (Ti,Mo)-rich MX precipitates. The results showed that the bainiticmicrostructure (‘A’ steel) was quite favorable to high-temperature strength and thermal stability. The yield strength of ‘A’ steelat both room and 600 °C temperatures increased consistently with increasing thermal exposure time (600 °C/200–1000 h),since the precipitation of NbC particles occurred while maintaining bainitic ferrite platelets with a high density of dislocationsduring exposure. In the ‘B’ steel, the formation of nano-sized (Ti,Mo)-rich MX particles was effective to impededislocation movement, leading to excellent plasticity (lower yield ratio) at room temperature. However, their contributionto precipitation hardening was not so much at 600 °C, as compared to the bainitic strengthening. During low cycle fatiguetests at room temperature, the main different feature between the two steels is that the ‘A’ steel showed cyclic softeningwhile cyclic hardening was evident in the ‘B’ steel. The bainitic microstructure showed a better fatigue life due to increasedductility manifested by cyclic softening, by which dislocation cell was developed.

지황(地黃)의 품질평가

정은아,김희정,심상범,김종우,김남재,Jung, Eun-Ah,Kim, Hee-Jung,Sim, Sang-Bum,Kim, Jong-Woo,Kim, Nam-Jae 한국생약학회 2000 생약학회지 Vol.31 No.2

The dried roots of Rehmannia glutinosa (RG) have been used in the traditional medicine for treatment of diabetes, fever and dysuria, etc. In order to investigate the quality evaluation of the dried roots of RG, we conducted the physico-chemical and biological evaluation method. The amount of catalpol from commercial samples is very diverse about $0.00{\sim}3.89%$ by using HPLC method, because it is easily decomposed by processing of RG. So, we should try to identify the correlation with the contents of catalpol and biological activities of RG. We chose 3 samples which were a wide difference of catalpol contents between each sample (Sample-I; 3.4%, Sample-II; 2.8%, Sample-III; 0.05%). Sample-I and Sample-II were found to be more effective than Sample-III on the DPPH free radical scavenging effect and inhibitory effect on $H_2O_2-catalyzed$ lipid peroxidation in rat liver in vitro. And, Sample-I and Sample-II exhibited more significant effects than Sample-III on accelerating actions of the small and large intestinal transport, and diuretic action in mice. So, it is suggested that the quantitative determination of catalpol should be required for the tandardization of the dried roots of RG.

항암화학요법 관련 오심과 구토 완화를 위한 비약물요법에 관한 연구동향

소향숙,최자윤,조인숙,김영재,김지영,김애숙,김옥미,김춘심,김현오,설영애,안정옥,이애리,이영자 성인간호학회 2003 성인간호학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Purpose: Purposes of this study were to understand the current trends on complementary therapy in relieving chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and to suggest the future research direction. Method: Subjects were selected on CINAHL, MEDLINE, Korean Academy Data Base from 1980 to 2001 which used nausea, vomiting, chemotherapy and complementary therapy as key words in experimental studies. Eight korean articles and twenty-one international articles were analyzed in terms of general characteristics, research methods, and types of complementary therapy. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods. Result: Since 2000, researchers have more actively used complementary therapy. In subject characteristics, mean age was 35.5 years old, 45% of the researchers were performed with high level of incidence of chemotherapy induced vomiting, 14% of them set limit of consecutive cycle during research, and 65% of them did not comment the selecting criteria of sample. About 60% of them were designed post-test only control group: 35% used INV by Rhodes, 31% used Likert scale, and 24% used VAS for dependent variable. Muscle relaxation therapy was mostly applied for relief of nausea and vomiting. Conclusion: Further studies will be needed to control extrinsic variables affecting nausea and vomiting in research design and to accumulate evidence with studies applying various complementary therapies.

The Function of Dimeric Structure of Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (sICAM-1): Inhibition of Leukocyte Function Associated Antigen-1 (LFA-1) Binding to ICAM-3

Choi, Suck-Chei,Han, Weon-Cheol,Park, Do-Sim,Kim, Eun-Cheol,Oh, Hyun-Mee,Oh, Jung-Mi,Jun, Chang-Duk The Korean Society for Microbiology 2002 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.32 No.1

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a membrane protein, exists as a dimer on the cell surface, and interacts with leukocyte function associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), a member of ${\beta}_2$-integrin family. A soluble circulating form of ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) is also detected in human serum, and has been implicated as a regulator for LFA-1-dependent cell-cell interaction in vivo. However, previous reports demonstrated that sICAM-1 shows little inhibitory effect on LFA-1 binding to ICAM-1, indicating that sICAM-1 is unlikely to antagonize LFA-1/ICAM-1-mediated cellular events in vivo. Here, we investigated the property of the dimeric sICAM-1 as an inhibitor of LFA-1 interaction with ICAM-3, since the lower avidity of LFA-1 for ICAM-3 compared with ICAM-1 or ICAM-2 had been speculated. Using recently constructed heterodimeric sICAM-1 joined at the C terminus via an ${\alpha}$-helical coiled coil (ACID-BASE) (Jun, CD. et al., 2001, Proc Natl Acad Sci 98, 6830-6835), we also tested whether the structural integrity in dimer could affect the inhibitory action of sICAM-1. Engineered sICAM-1 dimer that contained intact ectodomain (E34/E34) significantly blocked SKW3 cell (LFA-$1^+$) binding to ICAM-3, but not to ICAM-1 and ICAM-2, indicating the lower avidity of LFA-1 to ICAM-3 than that of both ICAM-1 and ICAM-2. A one binding site knock out mutant (E34/K34) showed ${\sim}2$-fold reduction in efficiency compared with E34/E34 to inhibit cell binding. Interestingly, a one binding domain deletion mutant (E34/${\Delta}D1$-D2) showed significant reduction (${\sim}5$-fold) compare with E34/K34, suggesting that structural integrity, which is precluded in E34/${\Delta}D1$-D2, is necessary for optimal binding of dimeric sICAM-1 to LFA-1, thereby inhibiting LFA-1/ICAM-3-dependent adhesion. Furthermore, BIAcore affinity measurements revealed that E34/${\Delta}D1$-D2 bound to immobilized soluble open LFA-1 I domain with an ${\sim}3$-fold reduced affinity compared with E34/K34. Overall, our results demonstrate that maintaining the structural integrity in dimer is necessary for optimal binding of sICAM-1 to LFA-1, and further suggest the therapeutic potential of dimeric sICAM-1 to antagonize LFA-1/ICAM-3-mediated cellular events in vivo.

光照射에 의한 콩나물의 質的 變化

金明姬,元惠心,李正和,林容順,張美花 효성여자대학교 가정대학 학도호국단 1984 家政大論集 Vol.3 No.-

光의 照射에 의한 콩나물의 質的變化를 調査할 目的으로 光度 및 光質別 處理를 하여 成長狀態, Vitamin C, chlorphnyll, cellulose등의 含量과 質感에 對한 官能檢査를 行하였으며 chlorophyll과 vitamin C의 關係를 chloramphenicol 處理에 의하여 調査해 보았다. 그 結果 白色光의 경우 50 lux와 100 lux 處理로 vitamin C의 含量 增加와 cellulose등의 生成이 促進되었으며 質感이 暗所보다 良好하였다. 그러나 200 lux 하에서는 매우 不良하였다. blue光은 他光보다 cellulose와 vitamin C生成에 效果的 이었다. chlorophyll과 vitamin C의 含量과는 直接的인 關係가 없고 다만 光照射와의 關聯性이 있는 것으로 推定되었다. This study was carried out to evaluate the quality of green soybean sprouts grown under light. The soybean was germinated under light through blue, red and white polyethylene films at 25℃ for 10 hours a day, and light intensity was controlled 50 to 200 lux. The contents of Vitamin C. cellulose and chlorophyll were determined and checked up texture by sensory evaluation of the soybean sprouts soup. In addition, the relationship of chlorophyll and Vitamin C was measured by treatment of chloramphenicol which has inhibitory effect of chloroplast, chlorophyll accumulating site. Vitamin C and cellulose contents were all increased by irradiation of white light at 50 and 100 lux and also texture of the sprouts was better than it of the sprouts grown under darkness while, it was very tough under 200 lux. Blue light was more effective for biosynthesis of Vitamin C and cellulose than white and reg light. Biosynthesis of chlorophyll was not relative to Vitamin C content directly. but the relationship may be concerned with light irradiation.

MBTI Form K와 NEO인성검사와의 상관연구

심민보,김정택 한국심리유형학회 2002 심리유형과 인간발달 Vol.9 No.-

본 연구는 2002년 1월 한국판으로 표준화가 이루어진 MBTI Form K와 NEO인성검사와의 상관관계를 살펴본 연구이다. 일반인 319명을 대상으로 하였으며 연구문제로 MBTI Form K의 4가지 선호지표와 NEO인성검사의 5요인구조와 어떤 상관이 있으며, 상관이 있다면 그 하위척도간에는 어떤 상관이 있는지를 다루었다. 또한 MBTI Form G와 Form K의 4가지 선호 지표와의 상관관계도 알아보았다. 또 연구는 이러한 지표와 각각의 하위 척도간의 상관을 살펴봄으로써 사람의 성격을 보다 폭 넓게 이해할 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하는데 의의가 있다. The purpose of this research is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the individual personalities by studying the correlation between the four preference scales of the MBTI Form K and the five factors of the NEO-PI-R, and between 20 multi-subscales of the MBTI Form K and 30 subscales of the NEO-PI-R. The research subjects were 319 adults and MBTI Form K and NEO-PI-R were used as the testing tools. The results of the research are as follows; First, the following scales manifested statistically significant correlation to each other; EA preference scale of the Form K with E scale of the NEO-PI-R, S-N to O, T-F to A, J-P to C. Second, there are high correlations between the 20 multi-subscales of the MBTI Form K and the 30 subscales of the NEO-PI-R when there are statistically significant correlations between the 4 preferences of the MBTI Form K and the 5 factors of the NEO-PI-R. Third, in spite of high correlations between scales of each instrument, the result of this research shows that there is no manifestation of a correlation between the T-F multi-subscales of the MBTI Form K and the Straightforwardness(A2) subscale of Agreeableness(A) scales of the NEO-PI-R, Moreover, there is a correlation between the Receiving and Contained subcales of E-1 scales of the MBTI Form K and A2 subscale of A scales of the NEO-PI-R. Thus the study result indicates that a need to conduct an additional research on the T-F preference scale of the MBTI Form K in relation to A scales of the NEO-PI-R. In conclusion of this study is that the two instruments show a high correlations between subscales which are related to special characteristics of a human personality.

李奎報의「東明王篇」에 관한 考察

金貞深 숙명여자대학교 대학원원우회 1983 원우논총 Vol.1 No.-

The biography of King Dongmyong, which had been produced by Lee Kyu- Bo in 1193, the 23rd year since King Myongjong came to the throne, is considered to be a longprece of work with nearly 4,000 characters. This epic, as we call it, consists of three parts: the prologue of which reveals the pedigree before the birth of King Dongmyong, the main body describes from the birth of the King to his death after 19 years in the throne, and the epilogue shows the writer's own extended impression in addition to the developments of KingYun who succeeded King Dongmyong. The existing dissertations which had been thus for exposed in historical terms are known to be both "the national epic in the mid Korea dynasty" written by Lee Woosung and "Lee Kyubo's biography of King Dongmyong" by Park Changhee. The former interpreted this biography as a means to express the writer's national consciousness while the latter took the view that it represents the state consciousness by which the hero epic is generelly characterized. Though briefly commented above, we noted that there exists some difference in interpretations of the meanie guess of the biography between the two writers and therefore, it will be for sure worthwhile to bigulight the factors causing the different interpretations to exist and thereby to more deeply prompt its acknowledgenents. Keum Mongolia at first seraed Korea as well as if she were their father's nation, but when Keum became strong, it urged Korea to pay homage to their country. But in practical terms, Korea still maintained her own independence. In other words, Korea made her own decisions without any influences from Keum Mongolia in regard to her political activities, as can be seen in the revolt prompted by Chung JoongBoo with a result of deposing the king and in her police-making and execution afterward. From these historical movements, we can reason that Korea at that time already established her own soverignty. Therefore when it comes to the backgrounds for producing this biography, suppesedly there is an evidence for us to lay higher emphasis on Korea's outward relationships formulated in an attempt to cope with the suppressions from the foreign countries and also we don't see any countments in his writings that implies the restoration of her independence from Keum Momgolia around where he began working on the biography. To the contrary, facing the people's uprising outbroken around Keikyong and Dongkyong cities in an atempt to restore the ruined country "Silla", badly aggraviated by King Myongjoing's misgovernments in his twentieth year since in power, Lee Kyubo thought it had to be suppressed by the goverment armies as soon as possible, but after all they turned out to be so weak that he began to worry about the prospects of the country. Therefore, when we pay a little attention to such domestic backgrounds for this biography as above, we could well acknowledge the fact that it was attempted to show the state consciousness. In addition to this, if this biography had not been produced, we would have known no more than the history contained only in "Samkuksaki". So we can't deny that Lee Kyubo greatly contributed to the development of our history and in this sense he should be reappreciated.

비율가중치를 이용한 효율적인 퍼지 다기준 의사결정법

심재홍,김정자 동아대학교 공과대학부설 생산기술연구소 1998 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.1

This paper presents a more efficient evaluation of alternatives by use of fuzzy multi-criteria decision making methodology. The traditional methods of Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) are mainly used in crip(non-fuzzy) decision applications with a very unbalanced scale of judgements and rank reversal. To overcome these problems, we will propose a new, general decision making method for evaluation models using fuzzy AHP(FSHP) under fuzzy intersectional dependence relations. The small-to-midium enterprises A, B, C, D and E will be evaluted by the Fuzzy Analytic Hierachy Process (FAHP) based on ratio weight in this study. We will use symmetric triangular fuzzy numbers to indicate the relative strength of the elements in the hierachy and degree intersection between criteria. These problems are evaluated by seven criteria : market criteria, technology criteria, management ability criteria, planning criteria, propulsion ability criteria, project propulsion basis criteria, propulsion result criteria.

5,000리터급 금속수소화물 수소저장탱크의 제작

심규성,명광식,김정덕,김종원 한국공업화학회 2002 응용화학 Vol.6 No.1

Development of effective hydrogen storage technology is essentially needed to establish an efficient hydrogen energy system connected to the technologies of hydrogen production and utilization. Generally, hydrogen storage technology can be divided into 3 principal methods using compressed hydrogen, liquefied hydrogen, and metal-hydrided hydrogen, and currently, all of these hydrogen storage methods have been developed and commercially used. The hydrogen storage method using compressed hydrogen has been the most prevailing so far, but due to its safety problem following the use of high pressure(ca. 15MPa), the hydrogen storage method employing metal hydrides has also been investigated and improved consistently. In this study, a hydrogen storage tank that can store 5,000ℓ of hydrogen gas has been designed and manufactured, and its capability to be used as an efficient hydrogen storage container has been reviewed. The alloy, the formula of which is MmNi_4.7Al_0.3(Mm=misch metal), has been manufactured in the high-frequency induction heating vacuum furnace. The structure of the tank is inside-finned tube bundle type with 24 alloy particle packed tubes.