Heart Failure Statistics 2024 Update: A Report From the Korean Society of Heart Failure

Lee Chan Joo,Lee Hokyou,Yoon Minjae,Chun Kyeong-Hyeon,Kong Min Gyu,Jung Mi-Hyang,Kim In-Cheol,Cho Jae Yeong,Kang Jeehoon,Park Jin Joo,Kim Hyeon Chang,Choi Dong-Ju,Lee Jungkuk,Kang Seok-Min 대한심부전학회 2024 International Journal of Heart Failure Vol.6 No.2

Background and Objectives The number of people with heart failure (HF) is increasing worldwide, and the social burden is increasing as HF has high mortality and morbidity. We aimed to provide updated trends on the epidemiology of HF in Korea to shape future social measures against HF. Methods We used the National Health Information Database of the National Health Insurance Service to determine the prevalence, incidence, hospitalization rate, mortality rate, comorbidities, in-hospital mortality, and healthcare cost of patients with HF from 2002 to 2020 in Korea. Results The prevalence of HF in the total Korean population rose from 0.77% in 2002 to 2.58% (1,326,886 people) in 2020. Although the age-standardized incidence of HF decreased over the past 18 years, the age-standardized prevalence increased. In 2020, the hospitalization rate for any cause in patients with HF was 1,166 per 100,000 persons, with a steady increase from 2002. In 2002, the HF mortality was 3.0 per 100,000 persons, which rose to 15.6 per 100,000 persons in 2020. While hospitalization rates and in-hospital mortality for patients with HF increased, the mortality rate for patients with HF did not (5.8% in 2020), and the one-year survival rate from the first diagnosis of HF improved. The total healthcare costs for patients with HF were approximately $2.4 billion in 2020, a 16-fold increase over the $0.15 billion in 2002. Conclusions The study’s results underscore the growing socioeconomic burden of HF in Korea, driven by an aging population and increasing HF prevalence. Background and Objectives The number of people with heart failure (HF) is increasing worldwide, and the social burden is increasing as HF has high mortality and morbidity. We aimed to provide updated trends on the epidemiology of HF in Korea to shape future social measures against HF. Methods We used the National Health Information Database of the National Health Insurance Service to determine the prevalence, incidence, hospitalization rate, mortality rate, comorbidities, in-hospital mortality, and healthcare cost of patients with HF from 2002 to 2020 in Korea. Results The prevalence of HF in the total Korean population rose from 0.77% in 2002 to 2.58% (1,326,886 people) in 2020. Although the age-standardized incidence of HF decreased over the past 18 years, the age-standardized prevalence increased. In 2020, the hospitalization rate for any cause in patients with HF was 1,166 per 100,000 persons, with a steady increase from 2002. In 2002, the HF mortality was 3.0 per 100,000 persons, which rose to 15.6 per 100,000 persons in 2020. While hospitalization rates and in-hospital mortality for patients with HF increased, the mortality rate for patients with HF did not (5.8% in 2020), and the one-year survival rate from the first diagnosis of HF improved. The total healthcare costs for patients with HF were approximately $2.4 billion in 2020, a 16-fold increase over the $0.15 billion in 2002. Conclusions The study’s results underscore the growing socioeconomic burden of HF in Korea, driven by an aging population and increasing HF prevalence.

Polyacrylonitrile-grafted reduced graphene oxide hybrid: An all-round and efficient hole-extraction material for organic and inorganic-organic hybrid photovoltaics

Jung, Chan-Hee,Noh, Yong-Jin,Bae, Jun-Ho,Yu, Jai-Hoon,Hwang, In-Tae,Shin, Junhwa,Shin, Kwanwoo,Lee, Jae-Suk,Choi, Jae-Hak,Na, Seok-In Elsevier 2017 Nano energy Vol.31 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this research, we demonstrate that aliphatic polyacrylonitrile-grafted reduced graphene oxide (PRGO) hybrid can function efficiently as an all-round hole-extraction layer (HEL) in organic and organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite photovoltaic devices (OPVs and PePVs). The hybrid-structure PRGO was developed by facile and scalable in-situ radiation-induced reduction and graft polymerization with polymerizable styryl-functionalized graphene oxide and acrylonitrile. The newly developed PRGO exhibits long-term dispersion stability of six months even up to the high concentration of 10mg/ml. It also shows a full-cover uniform thin-film morphology, good electrical conductivity (0.87S/cm), high work function (4.87eV), and excellent weather stability. Moreover, the incorporation of PRGO (as a HEL) into the OPVs and PePVs results in greater efficiency than chemically-converted graphene nanoflakes references, and device durability superior to poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)-based ones with comparable power conversion efficiencies. Noticeably, our finding demonstrates that the hybrid-structure PRGO provides an all-round and efficient hole-extraction material for use in various conjugated-polymer and perovskite-based PV systems.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PAN-grafted reduced graphene oxide (PRGO) hybrid was newly synthesized. </LI> <LI> PRGO exhibited a uniform thin film with good σ, high WF, and excellent stability. </LI> <LI> Thin film properties of PRGO overwhelmed those of conventional GO and RGOs. </LI> <LI> This worked well as a hole-extraction layer in organic and perovskite photovoltaics. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical absract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Ultrasensitive and selective C₂H₅OH sensors using Rh-loaded In₂O₃ hollow spheres

Kim, Sun-Jung,Hwang, In-Sung,Na, Chan Woong,Kim, Il-Doo,Kang, Yun Chan,Lee, Jong-Heun Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.21 No.46

<P>Rh-loaded In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> hollow spheres with diameters of ∼2 μm were prepared by a one-pot hydrothermal reaction of aqueous solution containing indium nitrate, rhodium chloride, and glucose and subsequent heat treatment at 500 °C for 2 h. The response to 100 ppm C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>5</SUB>OH (<I>R</I><SUB>a</SUB><I>/R</I><SUB>g</SUB>, <I>R</I><SUB>a</SUB>: resistance in air, <I>R</I><SUB>g</SUB>: resistance in gas) of 1.67 at% Rh-loaded In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> hollow spheres was 4748, which was ∼180 times higher than that of pure In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> hollow spheres. Rh loading decreased the temperature for maximum gas response from 475 °C to 371 °C, which also enhanced the selectivity to C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>5</SUB>OH 15.1–24.7 times and recovery speed. The ultrahigh sensitivity and selectivity to C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>5</SUB>OH, the lower sensing temperature, and the reduced recovery time were attributed to electronic interactions between Rh and In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and the promotion of catalytic dissociation of C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>5</SUB>OH into reactive gases.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The Rh-loaded In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> hollow spheres with ultrahigh response and selectivity to C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>5</SUB>OH were prepared by glucose-mediated, one-pot hydrothermal reaction and subsequent removal of core carbon by heat treatment. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c1jm14252f'> </P>

Modeling of asymmetric degradation based on a?non-uniform electric field and temperature in amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O thin film transistors

Kim, Jong In,Jeong, Chan-Yong,Kwon, Hyuck-In,Jung, Keum Dong,Park, Mun Soo,Kim, Ki Hwan,Seo, Mi Seon,Lee, Jong-Ho Institute of Physics 2017 Semiconductor science and technology Vol.32 No.3

<P>We propose a new local degradation model based on a non-uniform increase in donor-like traps (DLTs) determined by distributions of an electric field and?measured device temperature in amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O (a-IGZO) thin film transistors (TFTs). A systematic investigation of the degradation model reveals that vertical field-dependent DLTs are essential for modeling of measured asymmetric electrical characteristics between the?source and drain after positive gate and drain bias stressing. An increased temperature due to self-heating is found to play a role in intensifying the asymmetric degradation. From the individual simulation of measured transfer curves at different stress times, the?model parameters and an asymmetry index as a function of stress time are extracted. It is expected that this novel methodology will?provide new insight into asymmetric degradation and?be utilized to predict the influence of electric field and heat on?degradation under various bias-stress conditions in a-IGZO TFTs.</P>

계절창고 속에 포장 저장된 과일의 호흡 예측 모델

김광섭,심승우,나현정,조인철,정흥조,박찬영 전남대학교 촉매연구소 2001 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Fruit are normally kept in a pouch of cold storage room in winter. In this work, a mathematical model that is emulating the fruit respiration in the pouch of the storage has been established. The calculated result is compared to the actual measured gaseous composition change of pear in the packaging pouch LDPE film incorporated with silver coated ceramic powder. The presented model, that is combining polysaccharide digestion kinetics in pear, Fickian diffusion for permeation of the film and sigmoidal adsorption equilibrium between the film and gases, predicts the respiration of the pear in the packing film fairly well.

개의 비강 내 이행암종 증례

강화정,강상철,정지열,조숙희,노인순,이주명,정종태,김정훈,안민찬,배종희,김재훈,Kang, Hwa-Jung,Kang, Sang-Chul,Jung, Ji-Youl,Jo, Suk-Hee,Roh, In-Soon,Lee, Joo-Myung,Cheong, Jongtae,Kim, Jung-Hun,An, Min-Chan,Bae, Jong-Hee,Kim, Jae-Hoon 대한수의학회 2008 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.48 No.3

A 10-year-old female Yorkshire terrier with the clinical signs of nasal swelling, epistaxis and nasal discharge was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital in the Cheju National University. Abnormal nasal mass was detected in physical examination and radiographic findings. After surgical excision, the sample of nasal mass was referred to Pathology Department of Veterinary Medicine. Grossly, the mass was soft, friable, and $2.5{\times}4cm$ cm in size. Histopathologically, the mass was composed of mediumsized non-keratinizing columnar to polyhedral cells arranged in anastomosing ribbon and large nest. It has complex in-folding of thick epithelial layers separated by fibrovascular septa. Tumor cells showed characteristic palisading arrangement of columnar cells, and perpendicularly distributed to the basement membrane. The cells had pale basophilic cytoplasm, oval nucleus and one or more nucleoli, and indistinct cellular border. Many tumor cell emboli were presented in lymphatics. Immunohistochemistry revealed that tumor cells were cytokeratin (CK) 19 and CK clone MNF116 positive and but CK7 and CK high molecular weight negative. Based on the gross, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical findings, the mass was diagnosed as transitional carcinoma in nasal cavity. In our best knowledge, this is the first report of transitional carcinoma originated from transitional zone of canine nasal cavity in Korea.

Effectiveness of Drug-Eluting Stents versus Bare-Metal Stents in Large Coronary Arteries in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Sim, Doo Sun,Jeong, Myung Ho,Ahn, Youngkeun,Kim, Young Jo,Chae, Shung Chull,Hong, Taek Jong,Seong, In Whan,Chae, Jei Keon,Kim, Chong Jin,Cho, Myeong Chan,Seung, Ki Bae,Park, Seung Jung The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2011 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.26 No.4

<P>This study compared clinical outcomes of drug-eluting stents (DES) versus bare-metal stents (BMS) in large coronary arteries in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). A total of 985 patients who underwent single-vessel percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in large coronary arteries (≥ 3.5 mm) in lesions < 25 mm were divided into DES group (n = 841) and BMS group (n = 144). Clinical outcomes during 12 months were compared. In-hospital outcome was similar between the groups. At six months, death/MI rate was not different. However, DES group had significantly lower rates of target-lesion revascularization (TLR) (1.7% vs 5.6%, <I>P</I> = 0.021), target-vessel revascularization (TVR) (2.2% vs 5.6%, <I>P</I> = 0.032), and total major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (3.4% vs 11.9%, <I>P</I> = 0.025). At 12 months, the rates of TLR and TVR remained lower in the DES group (2.5% vs 5.9%, <I>P</I> = 0.032 and 5.9% vs 3.1%, <I>P</I> = 0.041), but the rates of death/MI and total MACE were not statistically different. The use of DES in large vessels in the setting of acute MI is associated with lower need for repeat revascularization compared to BMS without compromising the overall safety over the course of one-year follow-up.</P>

Validation of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) from Satellite Passive Microwave Sensor (GPM/GMI) and Causes of SST Errors in the Northwest Pacific

Kim, Hee-Young,Park, Kyung-Ae,Chung, Sung-Rae,Baek, Seon-Kyun,Lee, Byung-Il,Shin, In-Chul,Chung, Chu-Yong,Kim, Jae-Gwan,Jung, Won-Chan The Korean Society of Remote Sensing 2018 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

Passive microwave sea surface temperatures (SST) were validated in the Northwest Pacific using a total of 102,294 collocated matchup data between Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) / GPM Microwave Sensor(GMI) data and oceanic in-situ temperature measurements from March 2014 to December 2016. A root-mean-square (RMS) error and a bias error of the GMI SST measurements were evaluated to $0.93^{\circ}C$ and $0.05^{\circ}C$, respectively. The SST differences between GMI and in-situ measurements were caused by various factors such as wind speed, columnar atmospheric water vapor, land contamination near coastline or islands. The GMI SSTs were found to be higher than the in-situ temperature measurements at low wind speed (<6 m/s) during the daytime. As the wind speed increased at night, SST errors showed positive bias. In addition, other factors, coming from atmospheric water vapor, sensitivity degradation at a low temperature range, and land contamination, also contributed to the errors. One of remarkable characteristics of the errors was their latitudinal dependence with large errors at high latitudes above $30^{\circ}N$. Seasonal characteristics revealed that the errors were most frequently observed in winter with a significant positive deviation. This implies that SST errors tend to be large under conditions of high wind speeds and low SSTs. Understanding of microwave SST errors in this study is anticipated to compensate less temporal capability of Infrared SSTs and to contribute to increase a satellite observation rate with time, especially in SST composite process.

중재 시술용 기능성 기관-기관지 팬텀의 유용성

김태형(Tae-Hyung Kim),임청환(Cheong-Hwan Lim),김정구(Jeong-Koo Kim),김명수(Myeong-Soo Kim),최원찬(Won-Chan Choi),임진오(Jin-Oh Lim),이광종(Kwang-Jong Lee),박인애(In-Ae Park),김미옥(Mi-Ok Kim),정은미(Eun-Mi Jung),신령미(Ryung-Mi Shin) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2003 방사선기술과학 Vol.26 No.4

중재 시술용 기능성 기관-기관지 팬텀을 제작하고, 스텐트 삽입술을 시행하여 그 유용성을 평가하고자 한다. 중재 시술용 기능성 기관-기관지 팬텀은 실리콘으로 제작하였으며, 기관을 통하여 스텐트 삽입술이 가능하도록 삽입구를 제작하였다. 팬텀은 지점토를 이용하여 인체와 동일한 형태로 기관, 기관지 분지부와 양쪽 상부 기관지를 재현하였고, 사각형의 틀에 지점토를 고정시킨 후 액상의 실리콘을 채워 건조시킨 후 지점토를 제거하여 제작하였다. 인체, 동물, 팬텀에서 기관지스텐트 삽입 후 흉부 촬영 필름의 농도와 기관지 분지부의 각도를 측정하여 비교하였다. 기관지스텐트는 세선의 교차가 다른 2가지(X-type, Y-type) 형태를 삽입하였으며, 스텐트 삽입술 후 기관 상부, 기관 분지부, 좌기관지, 우기관지, 스텐트 삽입부의 필름농도를 측정하였다. 필름농도는 기관 상부의 경우, 인체 0.76(±0.011), 동물 0.97(±0.015), 팬텀 0.45(±0.016)이었고, 기관 분지부의 경우는 인체 0.51(±0.006), 동물 0.65(±0.005), 팬텀 0.65(±0.OO8)이었고, 우기관지의 경우는 인체 0.14(±0.OO8), 동물 0.59(±0.014), 팬텀 0.04(±0.007)이었고, 좌기관지의 경우는 인체 0.54(±0.004), 동물 0.54(±O.008)로 팬텀 0.08(±0.OO8)이었고, 스텐트 삽입부의 경우는 인체 0.54(±0.004), 동물 0.59(±0.011), 팬텀 0.04(±0.007)이었다. 기관 분지부가 이루는 각도는 인체의 좌기관지에서 42.6(±2.07)˚, 우기관지에시 32.8(±2.77)˚이었으며, 동물에서 각각 43.4(±2.40)˚, 34.6(±1.94)˚, 팬텀에서 각각 35(±2.00)˚, 50.2(±1.30)˚이었다. 본 연구팀이 제작한 기관-기관지 팬텀은 기관지 스텐트 삽입술의 재현이 가능하여 중재시술의 술기연습용이나 스텐트를 평가하기 위한 체외실험에 사용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다. To evaluate usefulness of a functional tracheobronchial phantom for interventional procedure. The functional phantom was made as a actual size with human normal anatomy used silicone and a paper clay mold. A tracheobronchial-shape clay mold was placed inside a square box and liquid silicone was poured. After the silicone was formed, the clay was removed. We measured film density and tracheobronchial angle at the human, animal and phantom, respectively. The film density of trachea part were O.76(±O.O11) in human, O.97(±O.015) in animal, O.45(±O.O16) in phantom. The tracheobronchial bifurcation part measured O.51(±O.OO6) in human, O.65(±O.OO5) in animal, O.65(±O.008) in phantom. The right bronchus part measured O.14(±0.008) in human, O.59(±0.014) in animal and O.O4(±O.OO7) in phantom. The left bronchus were O.54(±O.004) in human, O.54 (±0.008) in animal and O.08(±0.008) in phantom. At the stent part were O.54(±O.004) in human, O.59(±0.011) in animal and O.04(±0.007) in phantom, respectively. The tracheobronchial angle of the left bronchus site were 42.6(± 2.07)˚ in human, 43.4(±2.4O)˚ in animal and 35(±2.00)˚ in phantom, respectively. The right bronchus site were 32.8(±2.77)˚ in human, 34.6(±1.94)˚ in animal and 50.2(±1.30)˚ in phantom, respectively. The phantom was useful for in-vitro testing of tracheobronchial interventional procedure, since it was easy to reproduce.

QMF를 이용한 우리말 숫자음 인식에 관한 연구

남호정,양성일,백인찬,권영헌,이건상 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1996 工學技術論文集 Vol.5 No.1

In this study, QMF is used for recognition of Korean digits from /Young/(zero) to /Geo/(nine). The frequency band is divided into 8 bands and 16 bands. Each digit was pronounced repeatly 15 times by one man speaker so that 150 sample digits were used to be divided into 8 bands and 16 bands. The recognition of Korean digits was proposed and carried out to use the energy in each band. The recognition was done and compared according to the number of candidate patterns to be recognized. Experiments resulted in remarkably good recognition rate when the number of candidate patterns are above a threshold value.