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CSB^(+)-Tree 기반의 DTD 통합 그래프를 이용한 XML 문서 저장 시스템 설계 기법
신성현,송화선,김진호,정영준 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2004 정보통신논문지 Vol.8 No.-
As information processing recently increases over Internet. there have been many researches about designing an efficient storage system to process a huge amount of information, which is based upon DTD in XML However, most of them have some difficulties in meaningful and structural presentation of XML documents and some restrictions in integration of many heterogeneous documents. In other word, we need a storage system which well-defines the structure of heterogeneous XML documents and integrates them. In this paper, we proposed a technique of an XML documentation storage system using DTD integration graphs based on CSB+-tree. This technique retrieves structural information from elements of XML documents, creates a CSB+-tree based DTD integrated graphs of the man storage system, and generates an integrated storage system by using element mappings. The proposed technique utilizes the man storage system more efficiently in space and provides more faster response time.
박희서,손화영,정성목,송근호,조종기,이영원,신상태,김명철,김덕환,박성준 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2004 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.12 No.-
An eleven year old castrated male Maltese was presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University. In physical examination, approximately 0.5 cm round mass was observed on tail base. This small elevated mass has also shown alopecic and firm configuration. It was differentially diagnosed as sebaceous adenoma and hyperplasia by fine needle aspiration. After surgical removal, the sample was diagnosed as sebaceous hyperplasia by histopathological examination. It has not yet shown any signs of recurrence and prognosis has teen good.
감의 脫澁處理中 Pectin 含量과 Texture의 變化
崔鍾旭,孫泰華,鄭信敎,李吉雨,姜峻洙 慶北大學校 1989 論文集 Vol.47 No.-
This experiment was made to investigate the changes of the contents of acetaldehyde, alcohol, tannin, and to study the texture changes of persimmon in relation to the contents of pection during the removal of astringency by CO_2. 1. During the removal of astringency of persimmon fruits, the contents of soluble tannin showed the rapid decrease in high concentration of CO_2, but the contents of ethanol and acetaldehyde showed the rapid increase in all treatments. 2. The contents of W.S.P. increased, but H.S.P. decreased in all treatments. 3. All texture paramenters of persimmon fruits except springness and adhesiveness were decreased druing the removal of astringency. 4. The contents of W.S.P. were good correlated with the changes of hardness in all treatments.
국내 5개 3차 병원의 β-lactam계 항생제 사용 실태 및 Klebsiella pneumoniae의 항생제 내성과의 상관 관계
정숙인,박경화,권기태,고관수,오원섭,정두련,백경란,염준섭,장현하,김신우,손준성,송재훈 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.4
Background : This study was performed to evaluate the prescribing pattern of β-lactam antibiotics and the relationship between antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial use in 5 tertiary care hospitals in Korea. Materials and Methods : Data on annual patient-days and annual consumption (defined daily dose (DDD) per 100 patient-days) of β-lactam antibiotics from 2003 to 2005 in 5 tertiary hospitals were analyzed. To determine the antimicrobial resistance in K. pneumoniae, broth microdilution test and double disk synergy were performed according to the CLSI performance standards. Spearman's correlation coeffient was used to determine the relationship between antibiotic consumption and resistance. Results : The prescription of β-lactam antibiotics in 5 tertiary hospitals markedly varied. In two hospitals, increase in consumption of β-lactam antibiotics was more than 30% during recent 3 years. The higher consumption of β-lactam antibiotics significantly correlated with the higher rate of antibiotic-resistant K. pneumoniae in 5 tertiary care hospitals. Conclusion : Continuous surveillance of antibiotic use is needed to encourage appropriate prescribing of antibiotics and to reduce antibiotic resistance. 목적 : 항생제의 오남용으로 인한 내성균의 발현 및 급속한 확산이 전세계적으로 문제시 되고 있다. 특히 병원은 항생제 내성의 중심점에 있는 것으로 여겨진다. 본 연구에서는 최근 3년간 국내 5개 3차 병원의 β-lactam계 항생제의 사용량을 조사하고, 각 병원별 항생제 사용량과 K. pneumoniae의 항생제 내성률과의 상관관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 국내 5개 3차 병원에서 2003년 1월부터 2005년 12월까지 병원 입원 환자를 대상으로 연도별 재원연인원수와 각 β-lactam계 항생제의 총사용량을 수집하여 DDD (defined daily dose) per 100 patient-days로 환산하여 비교하였다. 2005년 6월부터 8월까지 각 병원의 임상검체에서 동정된 K. pneumoniae를 수집하여 액체배지미량희석법으로 항생제 감수성 검사를 시행하였고 ESBL(extended-spectrum β-lactamase) 생성 여부는 double disk synergy test를 시행하였다. 항생제 사용량과 내성의 상관관계는 Spearman 상관관계 분석을 시행하였다. 결과 : 5개 병원 중 3개 병원에서는 연도별 β-lactam계 항생제 사용량이 비슷하게 유지되었으나, 2개 병원에서는 2003년에 비해 2005년에 항생제 사용량이 30% 이상 증가하였다. β-lactam계 항생제 중 제제별 비율은 각 병원마다 차이가 있었으나, 3세대 cephaosporin의 사용이 가장 많았고 2세대 ceaphlosporin, β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor, 1세대 cephalosporin 순이었다. 경구용 β-1actam계 항생제의 사용량(r=0.900, P<0.037)과 2세대 cephalosporin의 사용량(r=0.900, P<0.037)은 각각 K. pneumoniae의 ESBL 생성과 양의 상관관계가 있었다. Ceftazidime의 사용량은 K. pneumoniae의 ceftazidime 내성률과 양의 상관관계가 있었다(r=0.900, P<0.037). 반면 imipenem의 사용량은 piperacillin/tazobactam 내성과 음의 상관관계가 있었다(r=-0.900, P<0.037). 결론 : 최근 3개년간 항생제 사용량은 병원별로 차이가 있으나 일부 병원에서는 증가하였다. β-lactam계 항생제의 사용량은 K. pneumoniae의 항생제 내성과 상관관계가 있었다. 항생제 사용을 줄임으로써 항생제 내성을 감소시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대되며, 병원별로 항생제 사용에 대한 지속적인 감시가 필요할 것이다.
Switching biologics for the treatment of psoriasis : A retrospective case review
( Jun-oh Shin ),( Bong Seok Shin ),( Dae-lyong Ha ),( Jin-hwa Son ),( Jungsoo Lee ),( Kihyuk Shin ),( Hoon-soo Kim ),( Hyun-chang Ko ),( Moon-bum Kim ),( Kyunghyung Seo ),( Byung-soo Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1
Background: It has become common in clinical practice to switch to subsequent biologics in patients with poor response or adverse events to the first biologics. Objectives: To assess the reasons and effectiveness of switching biologic agents during the treatment of psoriasis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all psoriasis patients who were treated with biologics in Pusan National University Hospital (Busan and Yangsan) and Chosun University Hospital from March 2012 to June 2020. Demographics and treatment characteristics (reasons for switching biologics and efficacy of the first and second biologics) were assessed for the study. Results: Of 162 psoriatic patients treated with biologic agents for more than 52 weeks, 35 patients required a switch to another biologic agent. First-line biologic agents were ustekinumab (n=91), secukinumab (n=59), adalimumab (n=12), and second-line agents were secukinumab (n=12), ixekizumab (n=9), guselkumab (n=14). The reasons for switching biologic agents were inefficacy (n=29), adverse events (n=2), and others (n=4). The mean Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score was 12.0 at the start of the second biologics, and 3.0 at 14-16 weeks after the start of the second biologics. Conclusion: The most common reason to discontinue biologics was inefficacy. Switching to a different biologic agent may improve clinical outcomes for patients who do not sufficiently respond to the first one.