대학급식의 미생물적 품질보증을 위한 HACCP의 적용 : 참치샐러드 Tuna Salad

김운주,최은희,최현미,배주희,채현숙 충북대학교 교육 ·생활연구소 생활과학연구센터 2002 생활과학연구논총 Vol.6 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality, and to assure the safety of the food production process in the university foodservice facilities in accordance with the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point(HACCP) concepts. The kitchen layout and time-temperature relationship, miciobiological quality(total plate count, coliform) were assessed to identify the critical point during each of the production phases. The results were as follows: 1) The kitchen layout had to be improved because contamination area was not separated from non-contamination area, and work table was in contact with washing sink. 2) Some employee did not follow personal hygiene standards(hand washing), and did not wear proper working uniforms(hair restraints). 3) The production time of tuna salad was 120 min, and environment temperature was 20.1~26.0℃. Improper receiving temperature, inproper holding practices(without cover at room temperature) were observed. 4) In the purchasing phase of the raw materials, the microbiological quality of green pepper was not at acceptable level based on the TPC(2.3×10^6CFU/g)and coliform(>14,000 MPN/g). During washing phase TPC was decreased about 3 log cycle. After cutting and holding phase the level of TPC and coliform were increased rapidly. At serving phase the microbiological quality of tuna salad were not at acceptable level(TPC 3.3×10^6 CFU/g, coliform 11,000 MPN/g) according to the standard set(TPC <10^5 CFU/g, coliform <100 MPN/g) by Sorberg et al. 5) For tuna salad, critical control points were purchasing and receiving of fresh vegetables, washing, cutting, holding, mixing and serving phase.

흰쥐에서 가시오가피 발효물의 단회 및 반복투여 독성평가

조주현(Ju-Hyun Cho),박인재(In-Jae Park),백순옥(Soon-Ok Baik),최수영(Soo-Young Choi),최구희(Goo-Hee Choi) 한국식품과학회 2014 한국식품과학회지 Vol.46 No.2

본 연구에서는 사용된 가시오가피 영지버섯 발효물과 가시오가피 상황버섯 발효물에 대한 열수추출물을 최고 2 g/kg의 농도로 단회 투여한 SD-rats에 체중 변화, 임상증상 등에서 어떠한 독성도 관찰할 수 없었으며, 1 g/kg 이하의 농도로 4주간 반복 투여한 SD-rats에서도 체중변화, 임상증상, 장기 무게, 혈액학적 성상, 혈액생화학적 성상 등에서 어떠한 독성과 비정상적인 소견을 관찰할 수 없었다. 따라서, 본 연구의 결과로 볼 때 가시오가피 영지버섯 발효물 열수추출물(FM-5111)과 가시오가피 상황버섯 발효물 열수추출물(FM-5131)은 본 연구에서 사용한 농도 내에서의 안전성을 확인할 수 있었다. 황 함유 아미노산의 결핍은 여러 가지 간질환 등의 증상을 야기한다(27). 또한, Choi와 Ahn(28)은 오가피 부위별 50% (v/v) 메탄올 추출액의 전자공여능은 줄기 추출물에서 90.21%, 뿌리 추출물에서 85.71%로 높은 활성을 보고하여 오가피의 항산화능을 규명하였다. 따라서, 본 연구에 사용된 시료 또한 항산화능과 같은 기능성을 가질것으로 사료되며, 추가 연구로 아미노산 분석을 통해 황 함유 아미노산의 함량 변화를 분석하고 간 기능 개선 효능을 평가하여 안전성이 확보된 기능성 식품소재 개발 연구를 진행할 계획이다. In this study, the products of Acanthopanax senticosus fermentation were derived from the mycelia of 2 mushrooms, Ganoderma lucidum and Phellinus linteus, to determine their safety in Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were orally administered the water extracts of A. senticosus fermentation products with G. lucidum (FM-5111) or P. linteus (FM-5131) at dose levels of 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 g/kg for the single-dose toxicity test and 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 g/kg for the repeated-dose toxicity test. There were no significant differences in body weight gain, feed intake, or water consumption between control and FM-5111- or FM-5131-treated rats. Hematological and blood biochemistry analysis revealed that none of the investigated parameters were affected by the A. senticosus fermentation products, and no remarkable lesions were observed upon histopathological analysis. We conclude that the A. senticosus fermentation products obtained from mushroom mycelia are safe for long-term administration and could be considered as multi-functional nutrients for the improvement of liver function and immunity.

Development of a Reduction Algorithm of GEO Satellite Optical Observation Data for Optical Wide Field Patrol (OWL)

Sun-youp Park,Jin Choi1,Jung Hyun Jo,Ju Young Son,Yung-Sik Park,Hong-Suh Yim,Hong-Suh Yim,Hong-Kyu Moon,Young-Ho Bae,Jang-Hyun Park 한국우주과학회 2015 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.32 No.3

An algorithm to automatically extract coordinate and time information from optical observation data of geostationary orbit satellites (GEO satellites) or geosynchronous orbit satellites (GOS satellites) is developed. The optical wide-field patrol system is capable of automatic observation using a pre-arranged schedule. Therefore, if this type of automatic analysis algorithm is available, daily unmanned monitoring of GEO satellites can be possible. For data acquisition for development, the COMS1 satellite was observed with 1-s exposure time and 1-m interval. The images were grouped and processed in terms of “action”, and each action was composed of six or nine successive images. First, a reference image with the best quality in one action was selected. Next, the rest of the images in the action were geometrically transformed to fit in the horizontal coordinate system (expressed in azimuthal angle and elevation) of the reference image. Then, these images were median-combined to retain only the possible non-moving GEO candidates. By reverting the coordinate transformation of the positions of these GEO satellite candidates, the final coordinates could be calculated.

주거지역에 따른 남·여 중학생의 체격 및 체력 발달추이

최현주,오수일 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所 2004 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.27

The purpose of this study was to provide basic information to physical educators. at fields by investigating developmental change at physique and physical fitness of male/female middle school from 1st grade to 3rd grade students from 4 type of residential areas at Gangwondo (urban/rural/sea/mine area), and by confirming the reasons of change through analysis of BMI tendency. The subject was selected as appointing each 100 persons of male/female middle school 3rd students randomly from 4 areas, and performed analysis about the developmental difference according to subject's residential area and the increase ratio according to grades based on data from health record, then also examined BMI. Average/standard deviation of male/female physique & physiacal fitness was calculated respectively as well as in creased amount with collected data, and two-way ANOVA analysis was performed to compare physique and physical fitness. one-way ANOVA analysis was also performed to examine difference per residential area according to grades in case a correlation was observed between grades and residential area. The conclusions is as follows; 1. In the matter of male students, height , weight, chest, sitting height and fatness at urban area showed the highest value, and weight of rural area, height of sea area, chest of mine area showed lower value respectively. Amount of annual increase of height and weight was observed significantly from 1st grade to 2nd grade than from 2nd grade to 3rd grade, and male students of urban area showed highest value among overall school years. Chest of rural area showed the highest increase degree from 2nd grade to 3rd grade th from 1st grade to 2nd grade while no significance was onserved among school years at sitting height except slight decrease tendency as promotion to higher school year. Fatness in urban area showed the highest value for all school years with many cases of over-weight among 4 areas that indicates fatness is arising according to increase of weight and height. 2. In the matter of female students, no significance was observed at heigh, weight, chest according to their residential area, and amount of increase of weight and sitting height even decreased as promotion while mine area showed the highest degree of increase. No significant different was also found at fatness according to residential areas while 1st grad at sea are, 2nd grade at mine area and 3rd grade at urban/mine area showed higher frequency at over-weight case. 3. In the matter of male students, much higher record of 50m sprint was observed at rural/mine area, and the record of mine area increased most significantly as promotion. Overall tendency of increase was found as promotion at total area, and annual development decreased as being 2nd grade except urban area in which high improvement was observed. Similar feature was found at sit-up and urban area showed higher improvemendt of 2nd grade and 3rd grad. Mine area showed high record of standing long jump at 1st grade and 2ne grade while rural area shoued the highest impromement from 1st grade to 3rd grade. 1st grade of urban area, 2nd grade of rural area and 3rd grade of mine area showed high record at sit-stretching, and the highest improvement was observed at mine area from 1st grade to 3rd grad. Continuous improvement was found at running/walking long according promotion as 1st grade/3rd grade at sea area and senior at mine area showed the highest record respectively. 4. In the matter of female students, there was no significance at 50m sprint according to residential area as well as at degree of improvement by promotion. 1st grade of urban area, 2nd grade of sea area and 3rd grade of mine area showed the greatest record at 50m sprint. Hang-down record of rural area and sit-up record of urban area showed the highest one among whole school years respectively. The highest improvement degree from 1st grade to 3rd grade at standing long jump was found at ural/mine area. General improvement as promotion at sit-stretfhing was record at running /walking long while 3rd grade of rural area showed high one. It was observed that the record is decreasing according to promotion.

감자의 熱風乾燥

崔鍾旭,鄭信敎,黃鉉周 경북대학교 산업기술연구소 1987 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.15 No.-

This study was performed to examine the drying characteristics of the potato at various drying conditions. The eqilibrium moisture content was in the range of 0.058-0.207 g/g. The critical moisture content and diffusion coefficient were in the range of 3.151-4.210 g/g, 0.622 × 10 exp (-5)㎝/sec respectively. Comparing with other food stuffs, the activation energy (6.0 ㎉/㏖) of the potato appeared low. The drying curve equation and the drying rate equation were obtained as follows: Y=4.34×e^-0.553t dy/dt= -2.40×e^-0.553t When the initial moisture content of the potato is known, this equation can be used to predict the drying rate of the potato.

유당의 첨가가 성장기 암컷 흰쥐에서 골함량과 골밀도에 미치는 영향

최미자,조현주 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 2002 科學論集 Vol.- No.-

The effects of dietary lactose supplementation on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in growing rats are uncharacterized. We studied growing female rats fed a diet either control of supplemented with lactose for 9 weeks. The animal was scanned to determine the BMD and BMC using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (FIXImus, GE Lunar Corporation, Madison, WI). Food intake and FER were not affected by loctose supplementation. But the lactose group had significantly higher spine bone mineral density(0.1517±0.0034(g/㎠) vs 0.1626±0.0095(g/㎠)) and spine bone mineral density/weight than the control group. And femur bone mineral density/weight as well as femur bone mineral content/weight were higher in the lactose supplemented group. These data suggest that lactose supplementation may be a useful way in growing children in which there is a desire to increase bone mineral density.

Wavelet 변환을 이용한 HIS 컬러영역에서의 디지털 칼라 영상의 Watermarking

최익환,최현주,최흥국 인제대학교 2002 仁濟論叢 Vol.17 No.1

디지털 워터마킹은 디지털화 된 영상자료의 저작권 보호에서 매우 활발히 연구되고 있는 분야이다. 디지털 영상의 불법적인 내용 조작을 막고, 영상의 소유권을 보장할 수 있는 방법으로 워터마킹이 쓰인다. 본 논문에서는 컬러 영상에 대한 명암도를 이용하여 공간 영역에서 시각에 덜 민감하게 정보를 은닉하기 위해 HIS 컬러영역에 wavelet 변환을 적용하고 인간의 시각에 덜 민감한 고주파 영역에 워터마크를 삽입하였다. Digital Image Watermarking(DIG) is very active research in protection copyright of digitized media. Watermarking used for protect digitized media against illegal operation, for protection of property. In this paper, using property of discrimination between achromatic color and chromatic color, insert watermark in high frequency domain using wavelet transform.

<巫女圖>에 드러난 죽음의 문제

최현주 全南大學校 人文科學硏究所 1994 용봉인문논총 Vol.23 No.-

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the meaning of death in Munyudo, which is important in Kim Dong-ri's literary works. Until now the death in Kim Dong-ri's novels has been considered as the recurrence of nihilism or fatal mysticism. But this thesis newly examines the meaning of death by drawing the idea of time from Munyudo. Munyudo consists of three stories. The stories are closely related and show the stream of time; the previous life, this world and the next. The plot of Munyudo correlates the story about Nang-yi's birth - the previous life, Mo-wha and Wook-yi's confrontation - this world and the picture of a shaman - the next life. The plot based on the circular idea of time, centering on father and daughter's arrival and departure, Wook-yi's appearance and disappearance (death), represents the conflicts of Mo-wha, Nang-yi and Wook-yi in the archetypal circular structure. It shows that the idea of time in Munyudo is universal and death of Mo-wha is not extinction in this world but rebirth in the new world. Thus Kim Dong-ri's idea of death is not based on the defeatism or nihilism but our people's mental inheritance believing everlasting circle of life.

병리검사 처방오류 개선 시스템 구축

이현임,최영진,구숙희,양승주,김병로,김묘정,신일근,신미옥,서임선 한국의료QA학회 2006 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.13 No.2

문제: 조직병리검사의 처방이 복잡하고 전문화됨에 따라 오류처방이 빈번하게 발생되고 이를 해결하기위한 프로세스가 복잡하여 부서간의 갈등과 업무의 가중, 또한 병원 수입 감소가 초래되었다. 목적: 발생된 오류처방의 유형과 발생율, 오류처방을 해결하기 위한 프로세스를 파악하여 이에 대한 문제점을 개선하여 업무의 효율성과 관련부서간의 부가업무 감소와 갈등해소, 더불어 병원수익을 향상시키는 것에 목표를 두고 활동하였다. 의료기관: 서울시에 소재한 종합병원 질 향상 활동: 조직병리검사 처방의 오류처방 발생 원인과 유형, 발생율을 조사하여 원인을 파악하고 개선을 위한 프로세스를 구축하여 질 향상을 도모하였다. 개선효과: 수술실에서 의뢰한 외과 입원환자의 일반조직병리검사 오류율은 개선 전 7.8%에서 개선 후 3.5%, 동결절편조직검사 오류율은 개선 전 28.6%에서 개선 후 0%로 이전보다 모두 개선되었다. 또한 수술실 간호사의 업무 만족도는 일반조직병리검사의 처방시 95%, 동결절편조직검사 처방시 90%로 높은 만족도를 보였다. 단 병리과의 경우 업무가 증가됨에 따라 초과근무시간이 증가하였다.

신생검증례에 의한 사구체신질환의 분석

최두환,구시선,배승훈,박병현,안선호,송주흥 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1996 圓光醫科學 Vol.12 No.2

To elucidate the incidences and the clinical characteristics of glomerular diseases in our hospital, we reviewed the clinical records and histological findings of the 117 cases, which were diagnosed as one of the glomerular disease in renal biospy for about 6 years since 1991. In these 117 cases, 74 cases (63.2 %) fell into primary glomerulonephritis(GN), 18 cases (15.4%) into secondary GN, 2 cases (1.7 %) into end stage kidney, 4 cases (3.4%) into tubulointerstitial disease and the biopsy samples were inadequate for diagnosis in 19 cases. In primary glomerular diseases, most common pathologic diagnosis was IgA nephropathy (36.5 %}, followed by minimal change nephrotic syndrome (29.7%). The incidence of IgA nephropathy would be increased if we had biopsied every asymptomatic urinary abnormality (AUA) patients. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) . hepatitis B accounted for most of secondary GN in our cases. One case of progressive scleroderma was included in this secondary GN. Minimal change nephrotic syndrome (22 cases) was the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome, followed by membranous GN (9 cases) and IgA nephropathy (8 cases). 2 cases of primary amyloidosis were presented with nephrotic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome as presenting symptom in our IgA nephropathy patients was higher than in other studies, which may be due to indication bias for renal biopsy. We suggest that renal biopsy should be done in adult nephrotic syndrome and in SLE, because various kind of glomerular diseases can develop nephrotic syndrome in adult, renal biopsy can affect the treatment and prognosis in each patients and renal biopsy also determines the extent of renal involvement in SLE on which the treatment depends. In AUA urinary patients, renal biopsy could be reserved for the patients who show declining of GFR or rising of proteinuria. Because IgA nephropathy account for most of AUA. and there is no specific treatment for IgA nephropathy, and renal biopsy in those cases is helpful in ruling out the patients who need no treatment.