microRNA-directed cleavage of ATHB15 mRNA regulates vascular development in Arabidopsis inflorescence stems : microRNA-directed repression of ATHB15

Kim, Joonki,Jung, Jae-Hoon,Reyes, Jose L.,Kim, Youn-Sung,Kim, Sun-Young,Chung, Kyung-Sook,Kim, Jin A.,Lee, Minsun,Lee, Yoontae,Narry Kim, V.,Chua, Nam-Hai,Park, Chung-Mo Wiley (Blackwell Publishing) 2005 The Plant journal Vol.42 No.1

<P>Class III homeodomain-leucine zipper proteins regulate critical aspects of plant development, including lateral organ polarity, apical and lateral meristem formation, and vascular development. ATHB15, a member of this transcription factor family, is exclusively expressed in vascular tissues. Recently, a microRNA (miRNA) binding sequence has been identified in ATHB15 mRNA, suggesting that a molecular mechanism governed by miRNA binding may direct vascular development through ATHB15. Here, we show that miR166-mediated ATHB15 mRNA cleavage is a principal mechanism for the regulation of vascular development. In a gain-of-function MIR166a mutant, the decreased transcript level of ATHB15 was accompanied by an altered vascular system with expanded xylem tissue and interfascicular region, indicative of accelerated vascular cell differentiation from cambial/procambial cells. A similar phenotype was observed in Arabidopsis plants with reduced ATHB15 expression but reversed in transgenic plants overexpressing an miR166-resistant ATHB15. ATHB15 mRNA cleavage occurred in standard wheat germ extracts and in Arabidopsis and was mediated by miR166 in Nicotiana benthamiana cells. miR166-assisted ATHB15 repression is likely to be a conserved mechanism that regulates vascular development in all vascular plants.</P>

Effects of fermented ginseng on memory impairment and β-amyloid reduction in Alzheimer’s disease experimental models

Joonki Kim,Sung Hun Kim,Deuk-Sik Lee,Dong-Jin Lee,Soo-Hyun Kim,Sungkwon Chung,Hyun Ok Yang 고려인삼학회 2013 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.37 No.1

This study examined the effect of fermented ginseng (FG) on memory impairment and β-amyloid (Aβ) reduction in models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in vitro and in vivo. FG extract was prepared by steaming and fermenting ginseng. In vitro assessment measured soluble Aβ42 levels in HeLa cells, which stably express the Swedish mutant form of amyloid precursor protein. After 8h incubation with the FG extract, the level of soluble Aβ42 was reduced. For behavioral assessments, the passive avoidance test was used for the scopolamine-injected ICR mouse model, and the Morris water maze was used for a transgenic (TG) mouse model, which exhibits impaired memory function and increased Aβ42 level in the brain. FG extract was treated for 2 wk or 4 mo on ICR and TG mice, respectively. FG extract treatment resulted in a significant recovery of memory function in both animal models. Brain soluble Aβ42 levels measured from the cerebral cortex of TG mice were significantly reduced by the FG extract treatment. These findings suggest that FG extract can protect the brain from increased levels of Aβ42 protein, which results in enhanced behavioral memory function, thus, suggesting that FG extract may be an effective preventive or treatment for AD.

Effects of fermented ginseng on memory impairment and β-amyloid reduction in Alzheimer's disease experimental models

Kim, Joonki,Kim, Sung Hun,Lee, Deuk-Sik,Lee, Dong-Jin,Kim, Soo-Hyun,Chung, Sungkwon,Yang, Hyun Ok The Korean Society of Ginseng 2013 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.37 No.1

This study examined the effect of fermented ginseng (FG) on memory impairment and ${\beta}$-amyloid ($A{\beta}$) reduction in models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in vitro and in vivo. FG extract was prepared by steaming and fermenting ginseng. In vitro assessment measured soluble $A{\beta}42$ levels in HeLa cells, which stably express the Swedish mutant form of amyloid precursor protein. After 8 h incubation with the FG extract, the level of soluble $A{\beta}42$ was reduced. For behavioral assessments, the passive avoidance test was used for the scopolamine-injected ICR mouse model, and the Morris water maze was used for a transgenic (TG) mouse model, which exhibits impaired memory function and increased $A{\beta}42$ level in the brain. FG extract was treated for 2 wk or 4 mo on ICR and TG mice, respectively. FG extract treatment resulted in a significant recovery of memory function in both animal models. Brain soluble $A{\beta}42$ levels measured from the cerebral cortex of TG mice were significantly reduced by the FG extract treatment. These findings suggest that FG extract can protect the brain from increased levels of $A{\beta}42$ protein, which results in enhanced behavioral memory function, thus, suggesting that FG extract may be an effective preventive or treatment for AD.

Automatic Frame Composition Using Histogram Based Graph Cut

Daehee Kim,Hyungtae Kim,Jinho Park,Donggyun Kim,Joonki Paik 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.1

In this paper, we present an automatic background composition method using histogram-based graph cut. The proposed method consists of four steps: i) initial label map generation, ii) label map update, iii) object extraction by segmentation, and iv) dynamic background composition. Since the proposed method can minimize the user interaction for generating the initial label map and updating, it is suitable for simple interaction using a low-speed processor and limited memory space. Experimental results show that the proposed method provides better segmentation results compared with existing state-of-the-art methods with significantly reduced computational complexity. The proposed automatic object segmentation and background composition method can be applied to video editing, video conference, and video contents creation using low-cost mobile devices such as smart phones, smart TVs, and tablet PCs.

Classification of Korean rice varieties based on growth characteristics

Me-Sun Kim,Hye-Jung Lee,Dal-A Yu,Joonki Kim,Franz Nogoy,Eun-Ju Jeong,Jang-Hwan You,Yong-Gu Cho 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07

The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) promotes an effective system of plant variety protection and encourages the development of new varieties of plants. International convention was initiated to standardized the system efforts and strengthen the policy. This study was conducted to establish a database for rice identification using morphological characters which include number of tillers and panicle per plant, spikelets per panicle, yield, plant maturity, height, leaf pigments, flag leaf angles, and rice bran. The whole rice population was grouped into three based on leaf angles, majority members of which retained the flag leaf angle-character until maturity stage. Most rice accessions did not exhibit anthocyanin pigments on the leaves particularly on the first leaf, leaf blade, leaf sheath and auricle, except for varieties classified as black rice. In the case of grain, many accessions produced secondary branching, and showed no awn. For agronomic traits, productive tiller and panicle per plant were higher in early flowering varieties, while spikelets per panicle and ripened grain were higher in late flowering varieties, and yield was higher in medium flowering varieties. All data were then pooled for cluster analysis which revealed three major independent clusters and four minor clusters.

모듈형 로켓 신기전K22의 개념설계

김화영(Hwayoung Kim),김형민(Hyungmin Kim),송민수(Minsu Song),안지훈(Jihun An),김강현(Ganghyun Kim),김선민(Sunmin Kim),김찬현(Chanhyun Kim),박성우(Seoungwoo Park),이준우(Junu Lee),이준기(Joonki Rhee),임재혁(Jaehyuk Im),정승수(Seungsu Jeo 한국추진공학회 2022 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.5

본 논문은 경기대학교 KURBC 팀이 설계한 모듈형 신기전K22에 대한 설계과정과 그 근거를 서술하였다. 로켓의 임무는 ‘로켓 발사 후 낙하 시 낙하산 사출 및 안전한 회수’이다. 목표 고도는 400m, 연료는 질산칼륨-소르비톨(KNSB)이다. 낙하산 사출 방법은 동체와 낙하산이 안전하게 보호되는 용수철 사출을 선택했다. 본 팀은 이번 대회에서 CFRP 카본으로 로켓의 동체를 만들고, 내부를 모듈로 구성함으로써 차별점을 두었다. 또한 RF 장거리 통신 기술을 이용하여 발사 전후의 데이터를 체계적으로 기록하여 후속 연구에 참고할 예정이다. This paper describes the design process and basis for the modular Shinkijeon-K22 designed by the KURBC team of Kyonggi University. The rockets mission is devising a method for parachute injection and safe recovery when falling after launching the rocket. The target altitude is 400 m and the fuel is potassium nitrate-solvitol (KNSB). The spring injection method was used for the parachute injection, in which the fuselage and parachute are safely protected. We made a difference by making the rockets fuselage with CFRP carbon and configuring the interior as a module. In addition, RF long-distance communication technology will be used to systematically record data before and after launch and refer it to subsequent studies.

Molecular analysis of transgenic rice overexpressing UDP-glycosyltransferase from Brassica rapa

Me-Sun Kim,Hye-Jung Lee,Joonki Kim,Dal-A Yu,Sanguk Byeon,Kwon-Kyoo Kang,Illsup Nou,Yong-Gu Cho 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

Secondary plant metabolites undergo several modification reactions, including glycosylation and physiological functions. Glycosylation, which is mediated by UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT), plays a role in the storage of secondary metabolites and in defending plants against stress. In this study, a UDP-glucosyltransferase cDNA was isolated from Brassica rapa hereinafter referred to as BrUGT. It has a full-length cDNA of 1,236 bp that contains a single open reading frame of 834 bp which encodes a polypeptide of 277 amino acid residues with a calculated mass of 31.19 kDa. BLASTX analysis hits a catalytic domain of glycos_transf_1 super family (c112012) that belongs to the glycosyltransferases group 1 with tetratricopeptide (TPR) regions. UGT gene expression analysis showed high mRNA transcripts in pistil, followed by petal, seed and calyx of flower in Brassica rapa. Furthermore, we constructed a recombinant pFLCIII vector carrying the BrUGT gene under the control of ubiquitin promoter and NOS terminator and transformed into rice using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The UGT overexpressing rice lines were then characterized at the physiological and molecular levels. To further understand the biological function of BrUGT, transcriptional profiling of the gene in transgenic rice lines under cold, salt, PEG, H2O2, ABA and drought stress condition is underway.

Overexpression of CBL-interacting protein kinase 15 improves tolerance to pre-harvest sprouting in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Dal-A Yu,Hye-Jung Lee,Joonki Kim,Me-Sun Kim,Marjohn Nino,Sanguk Byeon,Jeongmi Kim,Illsup Nou,Kwon-Kyoo Kang,Yong-Gu Cho 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

Since global climate changes drastically, pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is expected to pose serious problems in rice production. CBL-interacting serine/threonine protein kinases (CIPKs) have been implicated to play important role in regulating various abiotic stresses such as cold, salinity and drought. In this study, to understand the function of this gene under pre-harvest sprouting in rice, a cDNA clone encoding CBL-interacting protein kinase 15 (CIPK15) was isolated from rice flowers. This gene is 2,818 bp long with 1,332 bp coding region that encodes a polypeptide of 443 amino acids. We constructed a recombinant vector carrying the OsCIPK15 under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter and Tnos terminator and transformed into rice using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Insertion of the gene was verified in transformants using HPT resistance test and genomic PCR. Transcriptional profiling using tissues of wild type, Gopum, revealed expression of the gene in whole plant tissues with level of expression highest in the seeds suggesting possible role in dormancy. Comparative expression analysis of the gene in transgenic and wild type through semi-quantitative RT-PCR and real-time PCR showed higher expression in transgenic rice lines. Moreover, screening in the mist chamber showed overexpression lines that were resistant to the PHS. This result suggests the involvement of OsCIPK15 in the regulation of pre-harvest sprouting.

Overexpression of CIPK 15 improved tolerance to pre-harvest sprouting in rice

Dal-A Yu,Hye-Jung Lee,Joonki Kim,Me-Sun Kim,Marjohn Nino,Sothea Ouk,Seong-Dong Kim,Ill-sup Nou,Yong-Gu Cho 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07

Since global climate changes drastically, pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is expected to pose serious problems in rice production. CBL-interacting serine/threonine protein kinases (CIPKs) have been implicated to play important role in regulating various abiotic stresses such as cold, salinity and drought. In this study, to understand the function of this gene under pre-harvest sprouting in rice, a cDNA clone encoding CBL-interacting protein kinase 15 was isolated from rice flowers. We constructed a recombinant vector carrying the CIPK15 under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter and Tnos terminator and transformed into rice using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Insertion of the gene was verified in transformants using HPT resistance test and genomic PCR. Transcriptional profiling using tissues of wild type, Gopum, revealed expression of the gene in whole plant tissues with level of expression highest in the seeds suggesting possible role in dormancy. Comparative expression analysis of the gene in transgenic and wild type through semi-quantitative RT-PCR and real-time PCR showed higher expression in transgenic rice lines. Moreover, screening in the mist chamber showed overexpression lines that were resistant to the PHS. This result suggests the involvement of CIPK15 in the regulation of pre-harvest sprouting.

A Novel SCMA System for Coexistence of Active Users and Inactive Users

Kim, Joonki,Lee, Kwonjong,Kim, Jintae,Wang, Hano,Na, Minsoo,Hong, Daesik IEEE 2017 IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS Vol.21 No.12

<P>This letter proposes a new sparse code multiple access (SCMA) system for handling the coexistence of active user equipments (UEs) and inactive UEs, which share the same frequency/time resources for an uplink grant-free scenario. SCMA systems use a message passing algorithm, which considers all UEs to be active UEs. Therefore, inactive UEs cause significant decoding problem in SCMA systems. In order to solve the coexistence problem, we propose code words and a novel SCMA receiver which can distinguish the signal of active/inactive UEs. The numerical results show that the proposed SCMA receiver achieves a remarkable enhancement in false alarm probability, miss detection probability, and bit-error rate.</P>