담낭암의 발생에서 담췌관합류이상의 역할 규명과 암화과정에 관한 연구

한기준,송시영,정재복,이세준,김호근,강진경 大韓消化器病學會 1998 大韓消化器病學會誌 Vol.32 No.4

담낭암 발생에서 담췌관합류이상의 역할 규명과 암화과정에 관한 연구

강진경,한기준,이세준,송시영,정재복,김호근 대한소화기학회 1998 대한소화기학회지 Vol.32 No.4

Baekground/Aims: To clarify the careinogenesis of gallbladder cancer (GBC) in patients with anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union (APBDU), we investigated the expression of mutated p53 protein and c-erbB2, the cell proliferation indices of Ki-67 and the histopathologic changes in gallbladder carcinoma and noncaneeraus mucosa which are associated with APBDU. Methods: In the clinical review, we analysed 62 patients (27 patients of GBC with APBDU and 35 patients of GBC without APBDU) who were diagnosed in Sevrance Hospital from January, 1992 to December, 1994. Immunohistochemical staining and histologic examination were performed on the specimens obtained from surgically resected gallbladders from the patients. For comparative study, the specimens were grogped as follows: 5 cases of carcinoma with APBDU, 4 eases of noneancerous mucosa with APBDU associated with GBC, 11 cases of noncancerous mucosa with APBDU not associated with GBC, 19 cases of carcinoma without APBDU and 7 cases of chronic inflammatory mucosa of gallbladder stones as controls. Results, GBC developed in 33.3% of patients with APBDU (especially, 66.7% of PC type) and showed no gallbladder stones. The frequency of papillary carcinoma was higher and depth of invasion was less in GBC with APBDU than in GBC without APBDU. Among 15 cases of noncancerous mucosa with APBDU, isolated dysplasia and adenomyomatous hyperplasia were noted in 10 cases and 4 cases, respectively. In one case of APBDU with GBC, the expression of p53 protein was noted in the focal area of low grade dysplasia. Cell proliferation indices of Ki-67 were stepwise increased with the progression of histologic findings from inflammation, papiUary hyperplasia, metaplasia and adenomyomatous hyperplasia to dysplasia. Particularly, remarkable increase was observed in adenomyomatous hyperplasia and dysplasia. Conclusions: The high incidence of isolated dysplasia and adenomyoma accompanying with increased cell proliferative indices seems to be closely related to th carcinogenesis of GBC in patients with APBDU. Additionally, the mutation of p53 may contribute to early event of carcinogenesis in some patients with APBDU.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

초경합급재료의 와이어 방전가공 특성

鄭準基,文碩浩 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2000 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.11 No.-

Wire electrical discharging machining is a non-traditional, thermoelectric process in which workpiece material is eroded by a series of discrete sparks between the workpiece and a tool electrode immersed in a liquid dielectric medium and has been used widely in production, aerospace, medical and virtually all areas of conductive material machining. But the heat-affect layer is produced by the heat under machining. In this study, the variation of surface roughness, hardness and residual stress along the Co-containing amount of tungsten carbide in the same machining condition and along the machining energy in the same Co-containing amount of tungsten carbide are presented experimentally. These are compared to the SEM. In conclusion, the more Co-containing amount, the more surface roughness increases, the hardness decreases and the residual stress is not affected. As a machining energy increases, a Co-omittance increases.

정면밀링커터의 마모 특성 연구

鄭準基,金鍾太 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1995 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.-

According as concerns about unmaned and automated manufacturing systems recently is getting bigger and bigger, the study for constructing the latest system including FMS, CIMS, and so forth is proceeding at a rapid speed. Now here, this study can say these : If the condition of rapid wear stage(over 0.2mm)by the relative act between workpiece and tools, it severly degrades the high quality of the machined surface. As the result of that, the system which can sense the in-process monitoring in advance necessarily has to be used to checking the abnormal state of the tool like above things. Therefore this study suggested as a means for the in-process monitoring feasibility of tool wear checking, as gradual increasing tool wear, by using AE signals not being affected by noise. Therefore we can come to the following conclusions. 1) The AE signals to generate from workpiece are very sensitive to increasing tool wear. 2) We can observe that workpiece SM45C and SKD11 seldom changed until micro-breakage stage of tool wear(under 0.2mm), but largely increased an amplitude of AE signal after show that the rapid wear stage(over 0.2mm). These results show that AE signals in this step have much useful information to foretell heavy damage between workpiece and cutting tools. 3) Cutting force little change in case the change of the geometry shape like the tool wear change little appears the change is very indistinct. So we have a difficulty in checking the tool wear stage by in-process.

채터의 검출에 관한 실험적 연구

鄭準基 弘益大學校 1988 弘大論叢 Vol.20 No.2

In this study, the method determining chatter threshold was investigated experimentally. For the exact discrimination of the chatter threshold, the variations of the tool acceleration, cutting force, horizontal deflection of the workpiece, vibration amplitude of the workpiece, and surface roughness of the finished workpiece surface at the chatter threshold were observed. Its critical value was determined by making a comparative study of abrupt changes of the above quantities. By the experimental study, the following results are obtained. The chatter threshold can be discriminated exactly by measuring the variation of the tool acceleration which reacts more sensitively than the above other methods. And the critical value of the tool acceleration was 0.4g at all the cutting condition used in this experiment.

채터 發生抑制를 爲한 旋盤工具臺의 改善에 關한 硏究

鄭準基 弘益大學校 1989 弘大論叢 Vol.21 No.2

. High speed and heavy cutting performed for improving the surface quality and productivity, are often prevented due to chatter phenomena. Chatter is a violent relative vibration between workpiece and tool in machining of metals, and is an important limiting factor of production rate and surface quality, and reduces the tool life and the dynamic performance of machine tool itself. In this study, in order to suppress the chatter, a modified tool-post combined with the spring and damper was designed and used in the actual cutting test. The results of this study are summerized as follows; The spring and damper adopted in the modified tool-post have the suppressing effects of chatter, and there exists an optimum combination between spring constant and damping ratio.

복합 드로잉 공정을 위한 프로그레시브 금형의 개발

鄭準基 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2005 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.16 No.-

In deep drawing of sheet metal, there are many cases in which the uniform and thin wall thickness of the drawn products is more important than the bottom thickness. In this case, we can not easily get the deep drawn products with the uniform and precise wall thickness by only drawing process. Therefore in general the manufacturing processes which both the drawing and the ironing process are proceeded sequentially are used. But this method has the disadvantages of a cost-up, decrease of productivity and degradation of quality, because the ironing process is added after the drawing process. In this study, in order to improve those problems and to enhance the effect of deep drawing, the combined process of redrawing and ironing for multistep drawing of cylindrical cups is used. In this experiment, we considered the characteristics of the combined process such as the relation between the drawing and ironing rates, the drawing limits and the forces needed for operations. The suggested force prediction shows that it can successfully represent experimental results.

적층 코팅된 초경공구의 마모현상

정준기,조성산,박성호 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1996 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.7 No.1

On-line monitoring of cutting tool failure such as wear and fracture plays an important role in automation and optimization of machining processes, enhancement of part quality, and cost reduction. Considerable research has been conducted to apply acoustic emission (AE) to detection of tool failure and monitoring of machining processes of its fairly straightforward means of measurement and high sensitivity. In the present study, turning experiments were conducted with two-layer (WC/TiC/Al203) and three-layer (WC/TiC/Al203/TiN) coated tools that exhibit superior wear resistance and high-speed machining capability compared with uncoated tools in order to investigate characteristic variation of AE signals associated with wear of the coated tools and cutting speed. It is observed that the most severe wear of TiN outerlayer of three-layer coated tools occurs on the rake face, and that the wear resistance of the TiN outerlayer and the effect of outerlayer material on the magnitude of initial root mean square of AE decrease with the increase of cutting speed. Although characteristic variation of AE signal with the wear of tools exhibits slight dependence on the cutting speed, it is demonstrated that rapid increase of AE signals at the final stage of tool life can be utilized for on-line monitoring of tool failure in high speed machining.

AE 신호에 의한 선삭과정의 칩형성기구 예측에 관한 연구

鄭準基 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1994 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.-

In metal cutting, untended machining is being realized to increase the efficiency of working. As the unmanned automation comes true, the friction and abnormal state of machine tools are being closed up as important matters. The method using AE(Acoustic Emission) has more merits like convenience in handling, sensitivity in signaling, etc, than any other method. Therefore, the application to detecting the wear from machine tools has been tried and the method of detecting the value of AErms Volt has been made use of to study the wear of machine tools. However, in high-speed cutting, occurence of chip breaking as well as wear of tools has become a important problem. Chip rupture is a crucial factor of manufacturing system's stability. In this study, AE signal has been detected and analyzed from chip rupture of turning process. Thus, at the result of experiments to detect the formation of chip by analyzing AE signals, the conclusion like the following are obtained, by way of adjusting the threshold value, it is possible separate and detect signals from continuous AE signals and burst AE signal. The count rate of burst AE signal is directly related with the formation of chip generated. It is possible to detect the chip formation by use of event count rate of burst AE signal.