침수취약지역 추정과 주민들의 대피경로 분석

박종덕,최진무,Park, Jong-Duk,Choi, Jin-Mu 한국공간정보학회 2011 한국공간정보학회지 Vol.19 No.1

최근 도시지역은 국지성 호우로 인한 범람의 빈도가 증가하고 있다. 이 연구에서는 HECRAS 모형을 이용하여 중량천 수계에 대한 홍수범람모의를 수행하였다. 분석은 1m 간격의 LiDAR 자료를 기반으로, 하천 정보를 위해 HEC-GeoRAS를 이용하여 Geometry 자료를 구축하여 활용하였다. 홍수에 대한 가상시나리오를 홍수량이 100년 빈도일 경우 200년 빈도일 경우, PMF일 경우로 작성하여 침수 취약지역을 분석하였고, 이를 구역화하고 대피소까지의 대피경로를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 인구가 밀집된 시가화 지역의 면적 비율이 범람지역의 약 70%를 차지하고 있어 홍수 시 상당한 인명 및 재산피해가 예상되었다. 범람지역에서 대피소까지의 최단거리 대피경로는 평균거리 1,000m로 대피 경보에 따라 피해를 최소화 할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이 연구에서 제시한 방법은 향후 도식지역의 홍수대피 계획 수립에 많은 도움이 될 것이다. Recently urban area has suffered from frequent flood event by local heavy rain. This study performed flood tests for the Jungnang river using HEC-RAS model. Based on 1m LiDAR data, river geometry data were produced using HEC-GeoRAS. For 100-year frequency flood, 200-year frequency flood, and PMF, flooding areas were estimated. Ten sub-zones of the entire flooding area were identified based on the nearest refugees and used to analyze evacuation paths to the refugees. The results showed that approximately 70% of flooded area were residential, commercial, and transportation areas so that much loss of life and property could be possible. Path analysis showed that the shortest path distances to refugees were about 1000m average. Evacuation warning given at a proper period could minimize loss of life and property. This study provides the guideline for flood evacuation plan in urban area.

한국과 독일 방문요양의 등급별 급여 비교 연구

박종덕,Park, Jong Duk 한국가정간호학회 2016 가정간호학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Purpose: This study aims to classify multiple forms of home care services from a service user's perspective. By comparing the German system to the Korean one, this study seeks to find better ways of enhancing client-centered care. Methods: The data of 121 home care users were collected from six home care centers that had under the management of nursing managers for more than five years. The researcher used a German instrument to estimate the level of care. Results: High correlation was found between German and Korean assessment criteria (r=0.81, p<.001). However, compared to their German counterparts, Korean home care providers allocated more time towards provision of domestic help per daily visit. German home care providers allocated more time towards services relating to provision of support for physical activities, including personal hygiene. It was confirmed that the level of care in Korea does not correlate with either the categories of home care services and duration. Conclusion: Therefore, care services should be offered according to long-term care needs. This study suggests a need for systematic care aimed at strengthening the client's autonomy which should be properly planned, implemented, and managed.

대장균으로부터 생산된 Bacillus licheniformis WL-12의 Cellulase 특성

박종덕,김연아,윤기홍,Park, Jong-Duk,Kim, Yeon-A,Yoon, Ki-Hong 한국미생물학회 2009 미생물학회지 Vol.45 No.3

Bacillus licheniformis WL-12의 carboxymethyl cellulase (cellulase) 유전자를 함유한 대장균 균체 파쇄상등액으로부터 DEAE-Sepharose와 Q-Sepharose 컬럼 크로마토그래피를 통해 cellulase를 정제하였다. 정제된 효소의 비활성은 163 U/mg이었으며, SDS-PAGE에 의해 측정된 분자량은 약 49.5 kDa으로 나타났다. pH 5.5와 $55^{\circ}C$에서 최대 반응활성을 보였으며, SDS (5mM)에 의해서는 cellulase의 활성이 완전히 저해되었고 $Cu^{2+}$5mM)에 의해서는 약간 증진되었다. 정제된 cellulase는 CMC, konjac, barley $\beta$-glucan과 lichenan을 가수분해하였으나 xylan, locust bean gum 및 p-nitrophenyl-$\beta$-glucopyranoside를 분해하지 못하였다. Cellooligosaccharides를 정제된 WL-12 cellulase로 분해하였을 때 cellobiose와 cellotriose가 주된 최종 반응산물로 관찰되었으며 cellobiose보다는 중합도가 큰 cellotriose, cellotetrasoe와 cellopentaose는 분해하였으나 cellobiose는 분해하지 못하는 것으로 확인되었다. Carboxymethyl celluase (cellulase) was purified from cell-free extract of the recombinant Escherichia coli carrying a Bacillus licheniformis WL-12 cellulase gene by DEAE-Sepharose and phenyl-Sepharose column chromatography with specific activity of 163 U/mg protein. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be approximately 49.5 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme had a pH optimum at 5.5 and a temperature optimum at $55^{\circ}C$. The activity of the enzyme was completely inhibited by SDS (5 mM), and slightly enhanced by $Cu^{2+}$ (5 mM). The cellulase was active on CMC, konjac, barely glucan and lichenan, while it did not exhibit activity towards xylan, locust bean gum, and p-nitrophenyl-$\beta$-glucopyranoside. The predominant products resulting from the cellulase hydrolysis were cellobiose and cellotriose for cellooligosaccharides including cellotriose, cellotetraose and cellopentaose. The enzyme could hydrolyze cellooligosaccharides larger than cellobiose.

여성시의 어머니-몸 구현 양상 연구 : 나희덕, 김선우의 시를 중심으로

박종덕(Park Jong-duk) 한국비평문학회 2010 批評文學 Vol.- No.38

In this paper, I'm going to study female poets' awareness and attitude toward Mother-Body based on the texts of Na Hee-deok and Kim Seon-woo and the ways of actions against the world. This way we can tell the difference of awareness about female body based on the reality with problems that female poets try to express through their texts. Ultimately we will be able to reflect on a way to seek the solutions of the women's problems. In Na Hee-deok's poems, femininity is generally considered as equivalent as sacrifice, realized through Mother. She reflects the contemporary violence through the symbol of Mother's Body by realizing her past memories of her mother's sacrifice in the present. This is the intention to express that the women's body can work as the means against the absurd reality. Maternity described in her poems reaches death. This death operates as the power to incapacitate the violence of the world. Thus, we should pay attention to Na Hee-Deok's maternity in a sense that it is not violent but protect the violence of the world gently. Female Genital-Body realized by Kim Seon-woo can be defined as vitality Because a woman's body has menstruation, it enables the woman to conceive and give birth to a new life. Furthermore, the female body has the 'gapped skin', so it can accept the world through it. Therefore, a woman is not the fearful being with the 'vagina with teeth', but it is realized as the existence to protect the masculine world symbolized as violence by the 'gapped skin' and give birth to a new life. In conclusion, maternity Na Hee-deok and Kim Seon-woo try to describe should be considered as the one escaping the context of submission to the world designed for both men and sons, forced in a male-dominated society, and newly signifying women's essential nature.

정상군 및 허혈성 심질환 환자군에서의 심자도 파라미터 비교

朴鍾德(Jong-Duk Park),許榮(Young Huh),陳承吾(Seung-oh Jin),全成埰(Sung-chae Jeon) 대한전기학회 2005 전기학회논문지 D Vol.54 No.11

도덕교육의 성격과 과제

박종덕(Jong-Duk Park) 한국도덕교육학회 2021 道德敎育硏究 Vol.33 No.1

듀이의 도덕의 이론은 도덕과 지식의 관련을 확립하려고 하였다는 것에 그 특징이있다. 이것은 곧, 도덕교육의 성격은 지식을 가르치는 교과교육의 구체적 맥락에 비추어 파악되어야 한다는 뜻이다. 그러나 이러한 이론적 공헌에도 불구하고 듀이의 도덕의이론은 한계를 가진다. 무엇보다도 듀이는 교과를 배워 성취하게 되는 유용한 목적에비추어 도덕의 개념을 설명하며, 따라서 듀이의 도덕은 일상의 삶에서 당면하는 직분을원만하게 잘 처리해가는 데에 필요한 일의 도덕일 뿐, 교과를 이루는 지식을 배워 획득하는 교과의 도덕은 아닌 것이다. ｢중용｣에 의하면 교과의 도덕은 교과의 안을 이루는것으로서, 생각과 말과 행동의 원천을 이루는 심성과 다른 것이 아니다. 도덕교육은 교과를 배워 획득되는 이 심성이 나날의 생각과 말과 행동으로 저절로 표출되도록 하기위한 것이다. 도덕교육의 과제는 도덕교육의 이러한 성격에서 도출될 수 있다. 도덕교육의 과제는 교과가 심성과 맺는 그러한 관련을 설명하는 교육이론을 그 내용으로 정립하는 것에 있는 것이다. 종래의 윤리학 또한 올바른 삶과 그 정당화를 다루고 있으며, 이 점에서 윤리학은 도덕교육의 내용으로 삼을 만한 것이라고 볼 수 있다. 다만, 윤리학은 올바른 삶의 정당화를 그 자체로 설명할 뿐, 그 올바른 삶의 획득―교과의 내면화―과 관련하여 설명하지 않는다. 바로 이 점에서 윤리학은 올바른 삶의 정당화가 교과의내면화와 맺는 관련을 설명하는 교육이론의 하나로 재정립될 필요가 있다. 성리학은 진정한 의미에서의 윤리학이 보여주는 교육이론 그 자체라는 점에서 향후 도덕교육이 노력을 기울일 과제는 바로 그 성리학에 있다고 말할 수 있다. Dewey’s theory of morality is characterized by attempt to establish the relation of knowledge to morality. From Dewey’s point of view, the nature of moral education must be grasped in the light of the specific context of the subject education which leads us to the acquisition of knowledge. But Dewey’s theory of morality, in spite of these theoretical contributions, limits itself to some points. First of all, Dewey defines morality by way of the useful purpose that is achieved by learning the knowledge. Therefore, Dewey’s morality is not the morality of the studying subject acquired by learning the knowledge, but the morality of the work, meaning morality by which everyone conducts his occupational life. According to The Doctrine of the Mean, the morality of the studying subject, which is quite distinct from the morality of the work, but which is not different from the not-yet-manifested mind, an ingredient essential to the studying subject. Thus Moral education is to make it possible to express the not-yet-manifested mind into daily words, thoughts, and actions by itself. It is the task of moral education that is derived from the nature of moral education. Conventional ethics can be regarded as deserving of the content of moral education in that it also deals with the moral life and its justifications. However, ethics explicate the justifications of the moral life, but it leaves the problem of the acquisition of moral life, which amounts to the internalization of studying subject. This would suffice to differentiate between educational theory and ethics. The more ethics depends on the educational theory which shows the relation of the studying subject to the not-yet-manifested mind, the more sufficiently ethics accomplishes what is most characteristic of it. In other words, ethics needs to be re-established as the educational theory which shows the relation between the internalization of studying subject and the justification of the moral life. Since Neo-Confucianism is the theory of education through which ethics may be completed, we reach the statement that the task of moral education in the future centers around the Neo-Confucianism.

영혼심리학 서설 : 융의 분석심리학의 한 해석

박종덕(Jong-Duk Park) 한국도덕교육학회 2016 道德敎育硏究 Vol.28 No.2

진정한 의미에서의 심리학은 영혼에 관한 탐색을 그 핵심적 관심사로 삼는 영혼심리학이라고 볼 수 있다. 프로이트의 정신분석심리학과 융의 분석심리학은, 약간의 상이한 주장에도 불구하고, 그 방면의 영혼심리학을 예시하고 있다. 특히, 융의 분석심리학은 영혼의 회복 문제를 본격적으로 취급하고 있다는 점에서 주목의 대상이 된다. 다만, 융은, 영혼의 회복은 꿈에 현시되는 비언어적 상징을 분석하는 일을 통하여 가능하다는 점을 강조할 뿐, 그 밖의 경로를 통해서도 가능하다는 점을 간과함으로써 보완의 여지를 남겨놓고 있다. 그리고 그 보완의 방향은 성리학의 심성함양의 매체이론에 비추어 모색될 수 있다. 성리학의 심성함양의 매체이론에 의하면 심성과 그 심리적 대응물로서의 영혼은 비언어적 상징, 언어적 상징, 개념에 의하여 회복된다. 이 세 가지 매체가 영혼을 회복하는 경로가 된다는 점을 밝힐 때에야 비로소 융의 심리학에 예시되어 있는 영혼심리학은 완성된 형태를 갖출 수 있게 된다. 이것은 곧, 영혼심리학은 영혼의 회복을 주된 관심사로 삼아 인간을 신적 경지로 이끄는 교육적 맥락에서 정립될 필요가 있다는 것을 뜻한다. Psychology in a true sense can be described as the psychology of the soul, assuming that psychology should investigate the concept of the soul. Some contrary suggestions notwithstanding, Freud’s psycho-analytical psychology and Jung’s analytical psychology are typical exemplars of the psychology of the soul. Especially, it is worth reminding that Jung’s analytical psychology makes a claim that the soul should be reinstated as its own. However, Jung asserts that the soul can be reinstated only through analysing nonlinguistic symbols of the dream. This is why Jung’s analytical psychology needs to be reinterpreted in terms of Neo-Confucian theory of the media of cultivation of mind. Neo-Confucianism, when interpreted in the light of theory of the media of cultivation of mind, offers the view that ‘the primordial mind’ which is Neo-Confucian equivalent to soul is reinstated by the media of ‘nonlinguistic symbol’, ‘linguistic symbol’, and ‘concept’. Only when we recognize three kinds of media as the ways of reinstatement can we establish the psychology of the soul exemplified by Jung’s analytical psychology. In this sense, we can make sure of placing the psychology of the soul in its true context, which aims to reinstate the soul and to uplift human being to the divine state.

통합가정방문급여 평가지표 개발

박종덕(Park, Jong Duk),정덕유(Jung, Dukyoo) 한국성인간호학회 2014 성인간호학회지 Vol.26 No.5

인성의 개념 : ｢중용｣의 관점

박종덕(Jong-Duk Park) 한국도덕교육학회 2020 道德敎育硏究 Vol.32 No.1

중용에 제시된 성(性)과 도(道)와 교(敎)의 계열은 획득의 맥락으로 되돌려 이해할 때야 온전하게 밝혀질 수 있다. 이 점을 보다 선명한 형태로 보여주고 있는 것이 성(誠)과 명(明)의 관련에 관한 중용의 진술이다. 중용의 이러한 설명에서 알 수 있는 것은, 인성의 개념은 현재의 인성교육 바깥에서 모색할 수 있는 것이 아니라, 바로 그 인성교육 안에서 궁구해야 한다는 점이다. 인성의 개념은 인성교육을 수단으로 하여 달성될 목적을 사전에 설정하기 위한 것이 아니라, 인성교육에 의하여 이미 실현되고 있거나 장차 실현되어야 할 의미를 사후적으로 이해하기 위한 것이다. 이 관점에 의하면 인성은 인성교육의 논리적 의미에 해당한다고 볼 수 있다. 물론, 인성이 인성교육의 논리적 의미라는 것은 획득의 맥락에서 더 타당하게 재해석될 수 있다. 인성은 마음의 이상적 경지이며, 교과는 마음의 그 이상적 경지를 획득하게 하는 매체라는 관점이 그것이다. 중용의 中과 和는 그 각각, 즉 마음의 이상적 경지와 그 획득 매체를 지칭한다고 말할 수 있다. 이 점에서 중과 화의 관련 방식, 그리고 그것에 관한 도끼 자루 비유는, 마음의 이상적 경지는 그것이 표현된 교과에 의하여 획득된다는 순환론을 전형적으로 예시하고 있다고 볼 수 있다. 한편, 중용에서 종종 언급되는 귀신의 개념은 순환론에 함의된 종교적 측면을 밝혀주고 있다. 교과에 의해 획득되는 마음의 이상적 경지는 마음안의 신적 능력과 다르지 않은 것이다. 중용은 우리 자신의 것으로 생각되는 인성을 신적 경지로 끌어올려 신성이 곧 인성이라는 점, 그리고 우리의 삶은 그 자체로 신성의 획득을 가능하도록 제도화된 그러한 삶이라는 점을 밝혀주고 있다. Rightly understood in the context of acquisition, the sequence of the Nature(性xing), the Way(道dao), and the Teaching(敎jiao) which is elucidated in the Doctrine of the Mean(中庸zhongyong) can be fully explicated. And it is the relation of the Sincerity(誠cheng) to the Light(明ming) which shows this sequence more obviously. As this expositions affirm, the concept of human nature cannot be sought outside of current education of character, or education of human nature, but must be built within it. The concept of human nature is not intended to determine the ends to be achieved by means of education of human nature, but to understand inward meaning already realized or to be realized by education of human nature. From this point of view, human nature can be regarded as the logical meaning of education of human nature. No doubt, the concept of human nature as logical meaning needs to be more reasonably reinterpreted in the context of acquisition. The clue to its reinterpretation centers around both the concepts of the Equilibrium(中chung) and the Harmony(和he) and the metaphor of ‘the helve of an ax’ put forward in the Doctrine of the Mean. To begin with, the Equilibrium and the Harmony denote the ideal state of mind and the media of it respectively. And the points of the metaphor of ‘the helve of an ax’ amount to be that the Equilibrium is not separated from the Harmony. In this way, human nature is defined as the ideal state of mind, and school subjects which have been taught today are the media that lead us to the acquisition of the ideal state of mind. Thus, in terms of the context of acquisition, the metaphor illustrates the circularity that the ideal state of mind is attained by the school subjects in which it is manifested. According to this circularity, the ideal state of mind is not different from divine power in mind, in the apt words of the Doctrine of the Mean, the Ghost(鬼神guishen). From the Ghost’s point of view, human nature is explained as divinity which lift human nature of our own up to the ideal state. The Doctrine of the Mean may have shown that the life is so institutionalized that we live up to the attainment of divinity.

노인요양보험제도와 간호사의 역할

박종덕 ( Jong Duk Park ) 연세대학교 김모임간호학연구소 2006 간호학탐구 Vol.15 No.2

The Korean「care Insurance system for the aged」prescribes the provisions relating to the care benefit such as physical activity or housework assistance offered to the aged who cannot manage their everyday life by themselves because of the advanced age or the geriatric diseases. It is for the purpose of improving the quality of people`s life by promoting the health and the stabilization of life for the aged and lightening the familial burden. Its measure (substitute) is now, December 2006, under discussion in the National Assembly. The benefit recipient is a person aged 65 or older or suffering from a geriatric disease stipulated by the President such as dementia or cerebrovascular diseases. It is stipulated by law that the「care staff」attached to the「care institution」perform the physical activity or housework assistance. The institutions providing the care benefit are classified as day/night care institution, short term care institution, regular hospitalizing institution, home visit care institution that the staff visits the care recipient`s home and provides services. In the second model project, the services provided to the care recipient are classified as above mentioned housework care, bathing care, nursing care, rental of welfare equipment. Regarding the provided services, the basic nursing activity like a housework care and a bathing care offering the physical activity and housework assistance, and the nursing care according to the doctor`s prescription are the principal services of this system. Whatever institution day/night care institution, short term care institution, regular hospitalizing institution, home visit care institution-may provide whatever service, the service should be operated reasonably in consideration of all of the aged`s state of mind and body, his life environment and his and his family`s wants/choice, and within the necessary extent. It is also stipulated the care service should be operated in conjunction with the medical service to avoid making worse the care recipient`s state of mind and body and his health. In other words, in order to execute the benefit principle stipulated by law is indispensable the continuous process of the concrete plan of「care」, that is, 「basic nursing」and「medical nursing」, the offer of services according to that plan, and the evaluation of results of that service. In this writing, I would like to communicate that, nursing being regarded as professional, these times need the role of the professional nurse who applies to the on the spot situation the nursing process of consideration, plan, execution and evaluation. Concerning the introduction of the care insurance system, it is time to frame urgently the policy to settle a system that establish the plan integrating the nursing and the care (basic nursing), entrust the「care staff」with the care (basic nursing) service such as physical activity and housework assistance, and guarantee the care (basic nursing) quality under the nurse`s direction and control.