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SOUTHEAST ASIAN ETHNIC CHINESE INVESTING IN CHINA
John Wong The Institute of East and West Studies 1999 Global economic review Vol.28 No.1
China's growth due to high levels of domestic investment and savings was pushed further by Deng Xiaoping's economic reform and open-door policy in 1978. Through these changes, China became involved in international capitalism, which then led to the opening up of its Special Economic Zones and regions of Southeast Asia. Much of China's FDI originated from the ASEAN countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand, where ethnic Chinese contributions have played an important role. Their investments have resulted in significant benefits for China's economy but are expected to decrease as the Chinese are becoming less dependent on them. This paper constitutes key historical and political forces that have shaped overall relations between China and Southeast Asia and displays different responses to the open-door policy as well as the problems faced by ethnic Chinese in their development of economic links with China.
William John Yaxley,Rhiannon McBean,David Wong,David Grimes,Paul Vasey,Mark Frydenberg,John William Yaxley 대한비뇨의학회 2021 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.62 No.6
Purpose: Lutetium labelled prostate-specific membrane antigen radioligand therapy (Lu-PSMA RLT) has shown pleasing early results in management of high-volume metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), but its role in the early treatment of men with only lymph node metastasis (LNM) is unknown. The aim was to assess the outcome of Lu-PSMA RLT earlier in the treatment of men with only LNM. Materials and Methods: Single institution retrospective review of men with only LNM on staging Ga-PSMA PET PSMA who proceeded with Lu-PSMA RLT. Results: There were 17 men with only LNM, including 13 with mCRPC and 3 who were both hormone and chemotherapy naïve. The median PSA was 3.7 (0.46–120 ng/mL). A PSA decline of ≥50% occurred in 10/17 (58.8%), decreasing to <0.2 ng/mL in 35.3% (6/17). The PSA continues to decline or remain stable in 10/17 (58.8%) with a median follow-up of 13 months, and 8/17 (47.1%) have not reached their pre-treatment levels. There were no significant side effects. There was a better PSA response in men without prior chemotherapy (p=0.05). The prostate cancer specific and overall survival is 82.4% (14/17). Conclusions: Our results identify improved PSA response to Lu-PSMA RLT in men with only LNM, especially in the chemotherapy naïve cohort, compared to previous series with more advanced mCRPC. These findings provide important proof of principle to aid with planning of future prospective randomized trials evaluating the role of Lu-PSMA RLT earlier in the management of node metastatic prostate cancer, including men naïve of ADT and chemotherapy.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Homoazasugars as Glycosidase Inhibitors
Wong, Chi-Huey,Louis, Provencher,John A. Porco, Jr.,Jung, Sang-Hun,Wang, Yi-Fong,Chen, Lihren,Wang, Ruo,Darryl H. Steensma 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1995 藥學論文集 Vol.11 No.-
In an effort to develop transition-state mimetics of the glycosidase-catalyzed reaction, five- and six-membered azasugars and their homo-analogs were prepared and tested as inhibitors of glycosidases. Inhibition studies indicate that the fucosyl cationlike, five-membered imine 1 and its reduced form 2 are potent inhibitors of α-fucosidase from bovine kideney with respective K_i values of 160 nM and 2μM. The five-membered homoaminoazasugar 3 is also a potent inhibitor of the enzyme (K_i=1.9×10^-6M), while the glucose and mannose-like six-membered homoaminoazasugars 4 and 5 are less potent than the corresponding 1-deoxyazasugars as inhibitors of α-glucosidase and α-mannosidase, respectively. The primary amino group was placed in an attempt to introduce additional electrostatic interactions in the active site. The inhibitory activities are, however, in the high μM range. Synthesis of homoazasugars structurally related to a disaccharide and a nucleoside is also described.
John Man Tak Chu,Wei Xiong,Ke Gang Linghu,Yan Liu,Yan Zhang,Guan Ding Zhao,Michael G. Irwin,Gordon Tin Chun Wong,Hua Yu 한국뇌신경과학회 2018 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.27 No.6
A proportion of patients experience acute or even prolonged cognitive impairment after surgery, a condition known as postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). It is characterized by impairment in different cognitive domains and neuroinflammation has been implicated as one of the inciting factors as strategies targeting inflammation tend to improve cognitive performance. Siegesbeckia Orientails L. (S. Orientails) is a common Chinese medicinal herb used for managing chronic inflammatory diseases. We investigated if pretreatment with S. Orientails before surgery confers any neuroprotective effects in postoperative animals in terms of reducing inflammation and mitigating cognitive impairment. Three-month-old male C57BL/6N mice were fed different doses of S. Orientails extract for 14 days before they underwent a laparotomy. After cognitive testing they were sacrificed on postoperative day (POD) 3. Our results showed that animals with extract pretreatment demonstrated memory improvement in a dose-dependent manner compared with control. Further, evidence for the attenuation of systemic and neuroinflammation was found in the pretreated animals, along with the inhibition of inflammatory pathways and significantly reduced tau phosphorylation in the hippocampus. Taken together, these results demonstrated a neuroprotective effect of S. Orientails in postoperative animals, indicating a therapeutic potential of S. Orientails in minimizing POCD and the possibility of utilizing this traditional Chinese medicine perioperatively.
John Lee,Von Vee Ng,Constance Teo,Patrick Wong 대한마취통증의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.72 No.4
Background: The trans-tracheal rapid insufflation of oxygen (TRIO) device is less commonly used and is an alternative to trans-tracheal jet ventilation for maintaining oxygenation in a “cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate” (CICO) scenario. Case: We report the successful use of this device to maintain oxygenation after jet ventilator failure in a parturient who presented with the CICO scenario during the procedure for excision of laryngeal papilloma. Conclusions: A stepwise approach to the airway plan and preparation for an event of failure is essential for good materno- fetal outcomes. The TRIO device may result in inadequate ventilation that can lead to hypercarbia and respiratory acidosis. Hence, it should only be used as a temporizing measure before a definitive airway can be secured.
( Florence Wong ),( Scott Fung ),( Hie-won Hann ),( Magdy Elkhashab ),( Thomas Berg ),( Milotka J. Fabri ),( Andrzej Horban ),( Mijomir Pelemis ),( Ioan Sporea ),( John F. Flaherty ),( Benedetta Masse 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1
Aims: In CHB patients with LAM-R, TDF has shown efficacy comparableto FTC/TDF and no detectable TDF resistance at 2 years. The final5 year efficacy and safety results from this trial are presented.Methods: CHB patients on LAM with HBV DNA >3 log10 IU/mL andwith documented LAM-R were randomized (1:1) to TDF or FTC/TDFand followed for 5 years.Results: Two hundred eighty patients were randomized; 232 (83%)completed 5 years of treatment. At baseline, mean age was 47 years,most were male (75%) and non-Asian (66%); 53% were HBeAgnegative. Mean HBV DNA was 5.7 log10 IU/mL and 42% had ALT≤ULN at baseline. At Year 5, virologic, serologic, and biochemicalresponses were similar among groups, and remained stable. Ninepatients (4-TDF, 5-FTC/TDF) discontinued due to an adverse event,including increased serum creatinine in 1 patient. For both groupscombined, confirmed renal safety endpoints over 5 years were: CrCL<50 mL/min in 19 (6.8%) patients (12 requiring dose modification),increases in serum creatinine of ≥0.3 and ≥0.5 mg/dL from baselinein 21 (7.5%) and 2 (0.7%) patients, respectively, and serum phosphorus<2 mg/dL in 3 (1.1%) patients. Mean declines in BMD (g/cm2)from baseline for hip and spine BMD, respectively, were 1.7% and1.5% at Year 2, and 2.5%, and 1% at Year 5. Seven patientsexperienced fracture (all except 1 were trauma-related). No TDF resistancewas detected through 5 years by population sequencing.Conclusions: In LAM R patients with CHB treated for 5 years withTDF, a high rate of HBV DNA suppression was achieved and maintainedwith no detectable TDF resistance. There is no apparent ad advantageof combination FTC/TDF in this population. Renal eventsassociated with TDF occurred in up to 7.5% of patients, and averagelosses in bone mineral density of 1 2.5% were observed.
Association of a functional IRF7 variant with systemic lupus erythematosus
Fu, Qiong,Zhao, Jian,Qian, XiaoXia,Wong, Jonathan L. H.,Kaufman, Kenneth M.,Yu, C. Yung,Mok, Mo Yin,Harley, John B.,Guthridge, Joel M.,Song, Yeong Wook,Cho, Soo-Kyung,Bae, Sang-Cheol,Grossman, Jennife Wiley (John WileySons) 2011 Vol.63 No.3
<P>A previous genome-wide association study conducted in a population of European ancestry identified rs4963128, a KIAA1542 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 23 kb telomeric to IRF7 (the gene for interferon regulatory factor 7 [IRF-7]), to be strongly associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study was undertaken to investigate whether genetic polymorphism within IRF7 is a risk factor for the development of SLE.</P>
Model-Based Control to Enhance a Novel Two Dimensional Positioning System
Chan Yet Wong,Carlos Montes,Laine Mears,John Ziegert 제어로봇시스템학회 2010 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10
This paper presents a model-based control algorithm to address the delayed feedback that occurs in a novel two dimensional positioning system. The delayed feedback causes the motion control system unable to track the desire setpoint accurately and at the same time introduce following error. Thus, a Modified Smith Predictor is proposed to address the delayed feedback by having an inner plant model to predict the path during the delay. Furthermore, an online system identification scheme is proposed to improve the accuracy of the model used in Modified Smith Predictor. Simulation and experimental results of the Modified Smith Predictor and online system identification are presented