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곽연순,양진석 慶北大學校 師範大學 地理敎育科 1994 地理敎育 Vol.7 No.-
The purpose of this study is to examine the cognition of residents in the big city and agricultural area of environmental pollution by comparing their cognition and reaction to the environmental pollution after selection Taegu and Yongyang-gun as its case areas. The result of this study is summarized as follows. 1. It was shown that the concept of terms relating to the environmental pollution such as SMOG and P.P.M.is more exactly perceived by the residents in the big city than those in the agricultural area. 2. Their cognition concerning the existing sriousness of environmental pollution indicated that the residents in the big city are more sensitive than those in the agricultural area.It was also shown that those in the agricultural area 3. Their cognition of the environmental pollution around residential areas indicated that there is a difference in such pollutions as watercontamination in rivers or streams, excluding their contamination with agricultural medicals,exhause gas of automobiles, factory smokes, garbages, noise, dusting and bad smell between both areas, where the residents in the city were more serious than those in the agricultural area. 4. The residents in the big city showed various kinds of reactions according to locational features of their residential areas.When the residential area is located within an industrial complex, they showed more serious reaction to watercontamination and washing contamination caused by factory smokes, garbages and dust.When it is located in sides of roads and railroads,they were more sinsitive to pollurion of exhause gas of automobiles, noise and dust.And when it is in commercial areas including markets, they were more sensitive to pollution of garbages and bad smells. 5. It was shown that the residents in the big city are more distrustful of the quality of piped water than those in the agricultural area. 6. While most residents in both areasdarkly considered that there would be increased the damage to pollution in the future, they answered that it may be available to construct pollution industries damaging environment within the residential area if they are equipped with the facilities required for preventing pollution.The residents in Yongyang-gun continuously preferred to move to small,medium and big cities as well as Seoul. It is expected, therefore, that this tendency can play an important role in increasing the tendency leaving the rural area for the city. 7. In order to cope with the environmental pollution, most residents wanted to actively participate in activities necessary to preserve environment. To do that, they answered that it is actually required to promote the education of environment by means of schools or society to change the understanding of environment.Also it was shown that the most effective method for promoting the environmental education includes the image media such as T.V. as well as its education in schools. It seems that it is necessary to properly reflect the above fact in the education of environment.
Jin, Wyju,Kim, Min Sun,Jang, Eun Young,Lee, Jun Yeon,Lee, Jin Gyeom,Kim, Hong Yu,Yoon, Seong Shoon,Lee, Bong Hyo,Chang, Suchan,Kim, Jae Hyo,Choi, Kwang H.,Koo, Ho,Gwak, Young Seob,Steffensen, Scott C. Wiley (Blackwell Publishing) 2018 Addiction Biology Vol.23 No.1
<P>There is growing public interest in alternative approaches to addiction treatment and scientific interest in elucidating the neurobiological underpinnings of acupuncture. Our previous studies showed that acupuncture at a specific Shenmen (HT7) points reduced dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) induced by drugs of abuse. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of HT7 acupuncture on.-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neuronal activity in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior. Using microdialysis and in vivo single-unit electrophysiology, we evaluated the effects of HT7 acupuncture on VTA GABA and NAc DA release and VTA GABA neuronal activity in rats. Using a within-session reinstatement paradigm in rats self-administering cocaine, we evaluated the effects of HT7 stimulation on cocaine-primed reinstatement. Acupuncture at HT7 significantly reduced cocaine suppression of GABA release and GABA neuron firing rates in the VTA. HT7 acupuncture attenuated cocaine-primed reinstatement, which was blocked by VTA infusions of the selective GABA(B) receptor antagonist 2-hydroxysaclofen. HT7 stimulation significantly decreased acute cocaine-induced DA release in the NAc, which was also blocked by 2-hydroxysaclofen. HT7 acupuncture also attenuated cocaine-induced sensitization of extracellular DA levels in the NAc. Moreover, HT7 acupuncture reduced both locomotor activity and neuronal activation in the NAc induced by acute cocaine in a needle-penetration depth-dependent fashion. These results suggest that acupuncturemay suppress cocaine-induced DA release in the NAc and cocaine-seeking behavior through activation of VTA GABA neurons. Acupuncture may be an effective therapy to reduce cocaine relapse by enhancing GABAergic inhibition in the VTA.</P>
Gwak, Ho-Shin,Park, Myung-Jin,Park, In-Chul,Woo, Sang Hyeok,Jin, Hyeon-Ok,Rhee, Chang Hun,Jung, Hee-Won American Association of Neurological Surgeons 2014 Journal of Neurosurgery Vol.121 No.6
<P>Local invasiveness of malignant glioma is a major reason for the failure of current treatments including surgery and radiation therapy. Tetraarsenic oxide (As4O6 [TAO]) is a trivalent arsenic compound that has potential anticancer and antiangiogenic effects in selected cancer cell lines at a lower concentration than arsenic trioxide (As2O3 [ATO]), which has been more widely tested in vitro and in vivo. The authors tried to determine the cytotoxic concentration of TAO in malignant glioma cell lines and whether TAO would show anti-invasive effects under conditions independent of cell death or apoptosis.</P>
Gwak, Yunho,Jung, Woongsic,Lee, Yew,Kim, Ji Sook,Kim, Chul Geun,Ju, Ji-Hyun,Song, Chihong,Hyun, Jae-Kyung,Jin, EonSeon The Federation of American Societies for Experimen 2014 The FASEB Journal Vol.28 No.11
<P>The structure and function of the Antarctic marine diatom <I>Chaetoceros neogracile</I> antifreeze protein (Cn-AFP), as well as its expression levels and characteristics of the ice-binding site, were analyzed in the present study. <I>In silico</I> analysis revealed that the <I>Cn-AFP</I> promoter contains both light- and temperature-responsive elements. Northern and Western blot analyses demonstrated that both Cn-AFP transcript and protein expression were strongly and rapidly stimulated by freezing, as well as temperature and high light stress. Immunogold labeling revealed that Cn-AFP is preferentially localized to the intracellular space near the chloroplast membrane. Recombinant Cn-AFP had clear antifreeze activity. Protein-folding simulation was used to predict the putative ice-binding sites in Cn-AFP, and site-directed mutagenesis of the Cn-AFP b-face confirmed their identification.—Gwak, Y., Jung, W., Lee, Y., Kim, J. S., Kim, C. G., Ju, J.-H., Song, C., Hyun, J.-K., Jin, E. An intracellular antifreeze protein from an Antarctic microalga that responds to various environmental stresses.</P>
체면 지향성이 메이크업 행동에 미치는 영향: 외모관심의 매개효과와 외모인식의 조절된 매개효과
곽진숙 ( Jin-sook Gwak ),김도근 ( Do-geun Kim ) 한국미용학회 2020 한국미용학회지 Vol.26 No.5
This study intends to test the effects of face orientation on makeup behavior through appearance interest and appearance recognition. From September 15 to October 2, 2018, a questionnaire survey was conducted with 233 female residents in Busan. Statistical tests were conducted using SPSS 22.0 and SPSS process macro 3.1, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, Bootstrapping, Cohen's f<sup>2</sup> values. According to the results of the study, first, face orientation had significant effects on appearance interest and makeup behavior, and appearance interest had significant effects on makeup behavior indicating that appearance interest had mediating effects. Second, appearance recognition was found to have moderating effects in the relationship between face orientation and appearance interest. Third, in the relationship between face orientation and appearance interest, face orientation was shown to have significant effects on appearance interest and appearance interest had significant effects in the process through which face orientation and appearance interest affect makeup behavior indicating the mediating effects of appearance interest.