Outcomes Based on Risk Assessment of Anastomotic Leakage after Rectal Cancer Surgery

Gong, Jian-Ping,Yang, Liu,Huang, Xin-En,Sun, Bei-Cheng,Zhou, Jian-Nong,Yu, Dong-Sheng,Zhou, Xin,Li, Dong-Zheng,Guan, Xin,Wang, Dong-Feng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.2

Purpose: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is associated with high morbidity and mortality, high reoperation rates, and increased hospital length of stay. Here we investigated the risk factors for AL after anterior resection for rectal cancer with a double stapling technique. Patients and Methods: Data for 460 patients who underwent primary anterior resection with a double stapling technique for rectal carcinoma at a single institution from 2003 to 2007 were prospectively collected. All patients experienced a total mesorectal excision (TME) operation. Clinical AL was defined as the presence of leakage signs and confirmed by diagnostic work-up according to ICD-9 codes 997.4, 567.22 (abdominopelvic abscess), and 569.81 (fistula of the intestine). Univariate and logistic regression analyses of 20 variables were undertaken to determine risk factors for AL. Survival was analysed using the Cox regression method. Results: AL was noted in 35 (7.6%) of 460 patients with rectal cancer. :Median age of the patients was 65 (50-74) and 161 (35%) were male. The diagnosis of AL was made between the 6th and 12th postoperative day (POD; mean 8th POD). After univariate and multivariate analysis, age (p=0.004), gender (p=0.007), tumor site (p<0.001), preoperative body mass index (EMI) (p<0.001), the reduction of TSGF on 5th POD less than 10U/ml (p=0.044) and the pH value of pelvic dranage less than or equal to 6.978 on 3rd POD (p<0.001) were selected as 6 independent risk factors for AL. It was shown that significant differences in survival of the patients were AL-related (p<0.001), high ASA score related (p=0.036), high-level EMI related (p=0.007) and advanced TNM stage related <p<0.001). Conclusions: AL after anterior resection for rectal carcinoma is related to advanced age, low tumor site, male sex, high preoperative EMI, low pH value of pelvic drainage on POD 3 and a significant reduction of TSGF on POD 5. In addition to their high risk of immediate postoperative morbidity and mortality, AL, worse physical status, severe obesity and advanced TNM stage have similarly negative impact on survival.

Kalman Filter-based Wind Speed Estimation for Wind Turbine Control

Dong-Ran Song,Mi Dong,Jian Yang,주영훈 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2017 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.15 No.3

To improve power production and reduce loads on turbine components, exact wind speed information isrequired in modern wind turbine controllers. However, the wind speed measured on the nacelle is imprecise becauseof its drawbacks of single point measurement and non-immunity to disturbances. To solve this problem, the EWS(Effective Wind Speed) estimator has been proposed as an alternative. According to the literatures, there are twokinds of EWS estimator, that is, the KF-based estimator and the EKF-based one. Where, the former is applied toestimate the aerodynamic torque, then the EWS is numerically calculated; and the latter directly estimate the EWS. Since the estimate EWS significantly affect the controller’s effectiveness, their performance needs to be clarified. To fully investigate the two estimators, there is a need to evaluate their performance on an even platform. In thispaper, we present comparative studies on these two methods. Their advantages and drawbacks are investigatedon the commercial turbine design software-bladed and compared through detailed simulation results. Finally, wedemonstrate some simulation results and differences between the KF-based estimator and the EKF-based one.

중국인 한국어 학습자의 ‘체언+용언’ 형 연어 오류 양상에 대한 연구

Jian-Dong Lin,김은호 한국현대언어학회 2019 언어연구 Vol.34 No.4

Systematic and in-depth analyses of Chinese Korean language learners' lexical errors in general and of collocation errors in particular are relatively rare. This study presents empirical data verifying the informal observations and theoretic assertions that Chinese learners of Korean language produce 'unnatural' word combinations. In this paper the authors used a more comprehensive error taxonomy based on previous studies to analyse Chinese learners’ use of Korean collocations. The analysis revealed that the identified sources of errors were mainly from L2 intrinsic difficulty rather than the first language (L1) transfer. The findings from the Chinese learners’ errors in the use of Korean collocations have implications for L2 vocabulary teaching and learning, which should be of interest to wider Korean as a Second Language (KSL)/Korean as a Foreign Language (KFL) contexts. Systematic and in-depth analyses of Chinese Korean language learners' lexical errors in general and of collocation errors in particular are relatively rare. This study presents empirical data verifying the theoretic assertions that Chinese learners of Korean language produce 'unnatural' word combinations. In this paper the authors used a more comprehensive error taxonomy based on previous studies to analyse Chinese learners’ use of Korean collocations. The analysis revealed that the identified sources of errors were mainly from L2 intrinsic difficulty rather than the first language (L1) transfer. The findings from the Chinese learners’ errors in the use of Korean collocations have implications for L2 vocabulary teaching and learning, which should be of interest to wider Korean as a Second Language (KSL)/Korean as a Foreign Language (KFL) contexts.

Influence of Controlled- and Uncontrolled-pH Operations on Recombinant Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase Production in Escherichia coli

Jian Dong Cui,Gui Xia Zhao,Ya Nan Zhang,Shi Ru Jia 한국식품과학회 2009 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.18 No.4

Effects of controlled- and uncontrolled-pH operations on phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) production by a recombinant Escherichia coli strain were investigated at uncontrolled-pH (pHUC) and controlled-pH (pHC) of 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, and 8.5 in bioreactor systems. The results showed that the recombinant PAL activity was improved significantly by controlled pH strategy. Among the pHC operations, the highest PAL activities were obtained under pHC 7.5 strategy where cell mass (OD600 ㎚) and PAL activity was 1.3 and 1.8 fold higher than those of pHUC, respectively. The maximum PAL activity reached 123 U/g. The pHC 7.5 strategy made recombinant plasmid more stable and therefore allowed easier expression of PAL recombinant plasmid, which increased PAL production. It was indicated that the new approach (controlled-pH strategy) obtained in this work possessed a high potential for the industrial production of PAL, especially in the biosynthesis of Lphenylalanine.

Optimization of Medium on Exopolysaccharides Production in Submerged Culture of Cordyceps militaris

Jian-Dong Cui,Shi-Ru Jia 한국식품과학회 2010 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.19 No.6

Statistical experimental design strategy (SES) was applied to optimize the medium for the exopolysaccharides (EPS) production of Cordyceps militaris by submerged culture in shaker flask. A significant influence of the glucose and peptone on the EPS production was first evaluated by using a Plackett-Buman design. Then,steepest ascent method was employed to approach the experimental design space. Last, these factors were further optimized using central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM). A quadratic model was found to fit the EPS production. The optimum values of the tested variables for the production of EPS were 48.67 g/L glucose, 12.56 g/L peptone, 1 g/L KH2PO4, 10 g/L yeast extract, and 0.5 g/L MgSO4·7H2O. Under optimization of culture conditions, the EPS production was enhanced from 0.78 to 1.96 g/L. In comparison with that of original culture conditions, 2.5 fold increase was obtained.

Optimal culture condition for the production of phenyalanine ammonia lyase from E. coli

Jian-dong Cui,Yan Li 한국화학공학회 2009 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.26 No.2

The effects of culturing conditions on phenylalanine ammonia lyase production by a recombinant E. coli strain were investigated by using a controlled fed-batch fermentation system. In a 5 L fermentor, the optimal composition of the batch medium was 2% glucose, 1% yeast extract, 0.7% K2HPO4, 0.8% KH2PO4, 0.5% (NH4)2SO4, 0.1% MgSO4·7H2O. The optimal feed glucose solution was 50%. Glucose concentration and pH of the culture broth were maintained at about 2.0 g/L and 7.0 during the fed-batch phase, respectively. Following 24-h cultivation, 0.2 mmol/L isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) was added and temperature was shifted from 37 oC to 42 oC to induce pal gene expression. Under optimal conditions, a high productivity of 300 U/g could be achieved after 48 h culture, and a cell density of OD600 about 82 was obtained at 52 h culture at 500 r/m stirrer speed and 1 vvm, respectively.

DEARER: A Distance-and-Energy-Aware Routing With Energy Reservation for Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks

Dong, Yunquan,Wang, Jian,Shim, Byonghyo,Kim, Dong In IEEE 2016 IEEE journal on selected areas in communications Vol.34 No.12

<P>We consider cluster-based routing protocols for energy harvesting wireless sensor networks. Since the energy harvesting process does not match the real energy demand, sensor nodes suffer from occasional energy shortages, especially when they serve as cluster head (CH) nodes. To address this problem, we propose a cluster-based routing protocol referred to as distance-and-energy-aware routing with energy reservation (DEARER). The DEARER protocol encourages nodes with high energy-arrival rate or being close to the sink to serve as CH nodes. Also, DEARER allows non-CH nodes to reserve a portion of the harvested energy for future use. In doing so, the DEARER selects 'enabler' nodes as CH nodes and provides them with more energy, thereby mitigating the energy shortage events at CH nodes. By theoretical analysis and numerical experiments, we demonstrate that the DEARER protocol outperforms direct transmission and also approaches the genie-aided routing, where CH nodes are selected based on the real-time energy information of each node.</P>

Isolation and Preliminary Identification of a Novel Microorganism Producing Aspartame from Soil Samples

Jian Dong Cui,Ya Nan Zhang,Gui Xia Zhao,Shi Ru Jia,Guo Qun Zhao,Si Zhang,Jun Lu 한국식품과학회 2010 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.19 No.2

To develop a new method for producing aspartame (APM), a simple and efficient strategy for the isolation of certain microorganisms producing APM from soil samples was designed. A newly strain with secreting certain specific dipeptidase to directly synthesize APM from the substrates of L-aspartic acid (L-Asp) and Lphenylalanine methyl ester (L-PM) without protection for amino acid side chains was screened from soil samples. APM concentration in reaction mixture was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), yield reached 0.015 g/L. Examination of the general morphological characteristics and data from the sequence analysis of the rDNA-ITS gene led to identification of the isolate as a strain of fungal endophyte spp. The newly isolated strain had a high potential for application in industrial processes for APM production. In particular, this new method was low cost for synthesis of APM during the reaction due to avoiding protection for amino acid side chains and optical resolution of the mixtures. As we known it, this is first report that a newly strain with a high potential for selective synthesis of the APM was isolated from soil.

Isolation, Identification, and Performance Studies of a Novel Paraffin-degrading Bacterium of Gordonia amicalis LH3

Dong-Hui Hao,Xin Song,Jian-Qiang Lin,Yu-Jie Su,Yin-Bo Qu,Jian-Qun Lin 한국생물공학회 2008 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.13 No.1

In this study, we describe the isolation and identification of a novel long-chain n-alkane degrading strain, Gordonia amicalis LH3. Under aerobic conditions, it utilized approximately 18.0% of paraffin (2% w/v) after 10 day of incubation, and the paraffin compositions of C18C24 alkalines were utilized preferentially. Under anaerobic conditions, paraffin utilization was approximately 1/8 that seen under aerobic conditions, and the compositions of C34 and C36 alkalines were utilized preferentially. The effects of salinity, temperature, and biosurfactants on paraffin degradation were also evaluated. The strain was also demonstrated to grow on oil, and decreased oil viscosity by 44.7% and degraded oil by 10.4% under aerobic conditions. Our results indicated that G. amicalis LH3 has potential applications in paraffin control, microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR), and the bioremediation of hydrocarbon-polluted environments.

The Subjective Reflection and Artificial Intelligence Imagination of Sci-Fi Movies in the Post-Human Era

Jian-Dong, Cui,Seung-keun Song 한국콘텐츠학회 2021 한국콘텐츠학회 ICCC 논문집 Vol.2021 No.12

With the rapid development of disruptive technological achievements such as biotechnology, artificial intelligence, simulation technology, and genetic engineering, it has approached and even threatened the boundary and pattern of human existence, and is deeply challenging the subjectivity of natural persons. With the development of technology and virtual technology, the hybrid of organisms and machines (agents)-Cyborg (cyborg) is gradually consistent with humans both physically and consciously. This phenomenon has caused people to reflect on human subjectivity. The concretized representation of “cyborg”, artificial intelligence, and virtual space-time in post-human theories in science fiction movies involves the development of human form, social structure, and the future world. It shows how humans coexist with other life forms and helps We think about the living conditions of people and the relationship between people and the world in the “post-human” era.