New Permeable Structure for Controlling Debris Flows in the Wenjiagou Gully

Yu-feng Liang,Chuan Liang,Hongwei Zhou,Feng-rong Yang,Miao Huo,Jia-wen Zhou 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.11

Aimed to control debris flows more effectively, we attempt to develop a new structure called a “sloping roof grill dam”, which consists of guidance walls, separation grills and lateral deposit areas. A series of flume tests were performed to verify the function of this new structure, focusing on the trapping efficiency (β ), deceleration efficiency (μ) and coarse-fine sediment separation extents (η) under different conditions of structure and debris flows. Experimental results show that both the trapping and deceleration efficiency increase with a decrease in permeability, whereas the separation extent shown the opposite effect. Multiple regression analysis indicates that β and η are linearly dependent on the permeability, deceleration efficiency and magnitudes of debris flow. In addition, an increase in beam gap can lead to an increase in the impact area downstream for the debris flow after the control of the structure. Finally, a two-level installation of the structure is tested to determine whether there is an enhancement of the debris control, which indicated that although the trapping effect of the two-level structure is considerably greater than that of a single-level structure (2.11 times at maximum), the separation extent of the two-level structure is not distinct and may be even lower.

A hybrid strategy for comprehensive annotation of the protein coding genes in prokaryotic genome

Jia-Feng Yu,Jing Guo,Qing-Bin Liu,Yue Hou,Ke Xiao,Qing-Li Chen,Ji-Hua Wang,Xiao Sun 한국유전학회 2015 Genes & Genomics Vol.37 No.4

Protein coding gene annotation errors in prokaryotic genomes are accumulating continually in bioinformatics databases, while the update rate of genome annotation can not keep up with the explosive increasing genome sequences in most cases. Hence it is critical to manually rectify the genome annotation errors. In this paper, a hybrid strategy by combing the gene ab initio predicting programs and the over annotated gene re-annotation programs is proposed for re-annotation of the protein coding genes in prokaryotic genomes. Based on this strategy, the protein coding genes in Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA is comprehensively re-annotated. As a consequence, 16 hypothetical genes are annotated as non-coding sequences and 104 missing genes are retrieved as protein coding genes. Subsequent function analysis and sequences analysis show that the predicting results are much reliable and robust. Further application to other genomes show that this work can provide alternative tools for later post-process of prokaryotic genome annotations.

Practical Calculation Method for the Short‑Circuit Current of Power Grids with High Temperature Superconducting Fault Current Limiters

Hai‑feng Hong,Meng‑ze Yu,Xiao‑hui Zhang,Jia‑jia Huan,Yu Sui,Xian‑xian Pan 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.2

With the expansion of the power grid scale and the enhancement of network structure interconnection, the short-circuit current of power grids is increasingly close to the upper capacity limit of circuit breakers. The fault current limiter is efective in suppressing the short-circuit current of power grids, and with the mature development of superconducting technology, high-temperature superconducting fault current limiters (HTS-FCLs) have been widely used in power grids. Due to the nonlinear impedance–current characteristic of HTS-FCLs, the traditional short-circuit current calculation method is inapplicable to power grids with HTS-FCLs. First, based on the establishment of the electromechanical transient model and the short-circuit calculation model, the short-circuit current calculation procedure for power grids with HTS-FCLs is proposed. Second, the calculation methods for three-phase and single-phase short-circuit currents at the substation bus in power grids with HTS-FCLs are analyzed. Finally, three-phase and single-phase short-circuit currents at the 500 kV Xijiang substation bus in the Guangdong power grid are calculated as the study case. Simulation results show that compared with the situation where there is no HTS-FCL installed, the short-circuit current on the 500 kV bus decreases from 65.34 to 58.31 kA in terms of the three-phase short-circuit fault, and decreases from 54.56 to 46.62 kA in terms of the single-phase short-circuit fault, thus verifying the efectiveness and practicability of HTS-FCLs in suppressing the short-circuit current, which is signifcant for the safe, stable and reliable operation of the power grid.

A Series of Transition-metal Coordination Complexes Assembled from 3-Nitrophthalic Acid and Thiabendazole: Synthesis, Structure and Properties

Wen-Jia Xu,Qi-Jun Xue,Peng Liang,Ling-Yu Zhang,Yan-Feng Huang,Yu Feng 대한화학회 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.1

In order to explore new coordination frameworks with novel designed 3-nitrophthalic acid and the same N– donor ancillary ligand, a series of novel coordination complexes, namely, [Cd 2 (3-NPA) 2 (TBZ) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ]·2H 2 O (1), [Zn 2 (3-NPA) 2 (TBZ) 2 ] (2), [Zn 2 O(3-NPA)(TBZ)(H 2 O)] n (3), [Co(3-NPA)(TBZ)(H 2 O)] n (4) (3-NPAH 2 = 3- nitrophthalic acid), have been hydrothermally synthesized through the reaction of 3-nitrophthalic acid with divalent transition-metal salts in the presence of N-donor ancillary coligand (TBZ = thiabendazole). As a result of various coordination modes of the versatile 3-NPAH 2 and the coligand TBZ, these complexes exhibit structural diversity. X-ray structure analysis reveals that 1 and 2 are 0D molecular rings, while 3 and 4 are one- dimensional (1D) infinite chain polymers. And the weak O-H…O hydrogen bonds and C-H…O nonclassical hydrogen bonds as well as π-π stacking also play important roles in affecting the final structure where complexes 1, 3 and 4 have 3D supramolecular architectures, while complex 2 has a 2D supramolecular network. Also, IR spectra, fluorescence properties and thermal decomposition process of complexes 1-4 were investigated.

A Series of Transition-metal Coordination Complexes Assembled from 3-Nitrophthalic Acid and Thiabendazole: Synthesis, Structure and Properties

Xu, Wen-Jia,Xue, Qi-Jun,Liang, Peng,Zhang, Ling-Yu,Huang, Yan-Feng,Feng, Yu Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.1

In order to explore new coordination frameworks with novel designed 3-nitrophthalic acid and the same N-donor ancillary ligand, a series of novel coordination complexes, namely, $[Cd_2(3-NPA)_2(TBZ)_2(H_2O)_2]{\cdot}2H_2O$(1), $[Zn_2(3-NPA)_2(TBZ)_2]$(2), $[Zn_2O(3-NPA)(TBZ)(H_2O)]_n$(3), $[Co(3-NPA)(TBZ)(H_2O)]_n$(4) (3-$NPAH_2$ = 3-nitrophthalic acid), have been hydrothermally synthesized through the reaction of 3-nitrophthalic acid with divalent transition-metal salts in the presence of N-donor ancillary coligand (TBZ = thiabendazole). As a result of various coordination modes of the versatile 3-$NPAH_2$ and the coligand TBZ, these complexes exhibit structural diversity. X-ray structure analysis reveals that 1 and 2 are 0D molecular rings, while 3 and 4 are one-dimensional (1D) infinite chain polymers. And the weak O-H${\cdots}$O hydrogen bonds and C-H${\cdots}$O nonclassical hydrogen bonds as well as ${\pi}-{\pi}$ stacking also play important roles in affecting the final structure where complexes 1, 3 and 4 have 3D supramolecular architectures, while complex 2 has a 2D supramolecular network. Also, IR spectra, fluorescence properties and thermal decomposition process of complexes 1-4 were investigated.

Dark current suppression of amorphous selenium based photosensors by the ZnO hole blocking layer

Tung-Yuan Yu,Fu-Ming Pan,Cheng-Yi Chang,Tien Hu,Jenn-Fang Chen,Jia-Feng Wang,Jia-Feng Wang,Cheng-Lu Lin,Te-Ming Chen 한국물리학회 2014 Current Applied Physics Vol.14 No.5

To study the influence of defects in the hole blocking layer (HBL) on the dark current of amorphous selenium (a-Se) based photosensors, we prepared ZnO thin films by reactive sputter deposition (RSD) for the use as the HBL of the photosensors. The ZnO HBL layers prepared with different oxygen flow rates were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman scattering analysis and photoluminescence, indicating that the density of oxygen vacancies in the ZnO thin films is significantly affected by the oxygen flow rate. The deep level transient spectroscopy measurement reveals two hole trap levels present in the RSD deposited ZnO thin films; one is at 0.94 eV and the other at 0.24 eV above the valence band edge. The electrical performance of the a-Se photosensor is largely influenced by the amount of oxygen vacancies in the ZnO thin film. The a-Se photosensor with the ZnO HBL of the most oxygen vacancies has the lowest dark current and demonstrates the highest breakdown field.

Study on the mechanism of the vortex-induced vibration of a bluff double-side box section

Yu Li,Chen Li,Feng Wang,Jia-Wu Li 국제구조공학회 2021 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.41 No.2

At present, researchers mainly focused on the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of the double-side I-shaped girder, while there are only a few literatures focused on the VIV of the bluff double-side box girder, especially the study on the synchronous pressure- and vibration- measured test for the bluff double-side box girder has not been reported. Therefore, in this study, the vibration-measured test, the Numerical Wind Tunnel Simulation, and the synchronous pressure- and vibration- measured test were conducted to study the VIV mechanism of the bluff double-side box girder. Firstly, a section model of the bluff double-side box girder was designed, and the vibration-measured test was conducted to study the influence of mass ratio, damping ratio, and aerodynamic countermeasures on the VIV of the bluff double-side box girder. Secondly, the Numerical Wind Tunnel Simulation was conducted to simulate the vorticity evolution of the bluff double-side box girder, which was used to help analyze the results of the synchronous pressure- and vibration- measured test. Finally, the synchronous pressure- and vibration- measured test was conducted to investigate the wind pressure distribution and aerodynamic forces on the surface of the double-side box girder, which was then used to study the VIV mechanism of the bluff double-side box girder by combining the simulated vorticity evolutions. So, when the VIV of the double-side box girder occurs, it is found that: there is a significant difference in the mean and fluctuating wind pressure between the upper and lower surfaces; moreover, at the leading and trailing edges, the aerodynamic forces contribute greatly to the VIV, the correlation between the aerodynamic forces and the vortex-induced aerodynamic forces is positive, and with the increase of this coefficient, it will lead to the more significant VIV.

Prescribed Performance-tangent Barrier Lyapunov Function for Adaptive Neural Backstepping Control of Variable Stiffness Actuator with Input and Output Constraints

Yu Xia,Jun-Yang Li,Yan-Kui Song,Jia-Xu Wang,Yan-Feng Han,Ke Xiao 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.3

Due to the complexity of modeling and the strong transmission coupling, the rich background of rigid actuator control has not been transferred to variable stiffness actuator (VSA). Therefore, most model-based control techniques developed for VSA require feedback linearization first. Alternatively, VSA can use non-model-based control techniques such as PD control, but it does not show strong robustness under disturbances. This paper is concerned with designing a novel adaptive neural network backstepping control scheme without using feedback linearization for a special VSA with saturation inputs, output constraints, and disturbances. Firstly, for ensuring the VSA with lower tracking error and higher security, the prescribed performance-tangent barrier Lyapunov function (PP-TBLF) is introduced to handle the prescribed output performance constraints. Subsequently, the Chebyshev neural network and the Nussbaum-type function are exploited to approximate the unknown nonlinearities and unknown gains. Meanwhile, the inverse hyperbolic sine function tracking differentiator is utilized to solve the “explosion of complexity” caused by the differentiation of virtual inputs and also approximate the complex partial derivatives caused by the auxiliary control signals. Finally, the stability of the whole scheme is proved by the Lyapunov criterion. The simulation results illustrate the raised control scheme’s feasibility and show a better closed-loop behavior relative to that obtained using a classic PD controller.

Management of Crohn’s disease in Taiwan: consensus guideline of the Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease updated in 2023

Jia-Feng Wu,Hsu-Heng Yen,Horng-Yuan Wang,Ting-An Chang,Chung-Hsin Chang,Chen-Wang Chang,Te-Hsin Chao,Jen-Wei Chou,Yenn-Hwei Chou,Chiao-Hsiung Chuang,Wen-Hung Hsu,Tzu-Chi Hsu,Tien-Yu Huang,Tsung-I Hung 대한장연구학회 2024 Intestinal Research Vol.22 No.3

Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic, fluctuating inflammatory condition that primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract. Although the incidence of CD in Taiwan is lower than that in Western countries, the severity of CD presentation appears to be similar between Asia and the West. This observation indicates the urgency for devising revised guidelines tailored to the unique reimbursement system, and patient requirements in Taiwan. The core objectives of these updated guidelines include the updated treatment choices and the integration of the treat-to-target strategy into CD management, promoting the achievement of deep remission to mitigate complications and enhance the overall quality of life. Given the diversity in disease prevalence, severity, insurance policies, and access to medical treatments in Taiwan, a customized approach is imperative for formulating these guidelines. Such tailored strategies ensure that international standards are not only adapted but also optimized to local contexts. Since the inception of its initial guidelines in 2017, the Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (TSIBD) has acknowledged the importance of continuous revisions for incorporating new therapeutic options and evolving disease management practices. The latest update leverages international standards and recent research findings focused on practical implementation within the Taiwanese healthcare system.

Preventative effects of Lactobacillus plantarum YS-3 on oxazolone-induced BALB/c colitis in mice

Feng, Xia,Zhang, Jing,Qian, Yu,Yi, Ruokun,Sun, Peng,Mu, Jianfei,Zhao, Xin,Song, Jia-Le The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2018 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.61 No.3

In this study, the preventative effects of Lactobacillus plantarum YS-3 (LP-YS3) on colitis were studied using an in vitro animal experiment. Oxazolone was administered to BALB/c mice to induce colitis, and the preventive effects of LP-YS3 were determined using serum- and tissue-related indexes. The mice treated with LP-YS3 showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in disease activity index for colitis by inhibiting colon shortening and increasing colon weight/length ratio. The application of LP-YS3 resulted in a significant reduction in myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde activities and a decrease in glutathione activity (p<0.05) in mouse colon tissues. LP-YS3 also significantly increased serum interleukin-2 and reduced interleukin-10 cytokines levels in mice (p<0.05). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot assays showed that LP-YS3 application resulted in a significant increase in neuronal nitric oxide synthase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, c-Kit, and stem cell factor expressions and a decrease in inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-8, and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 expressions in mouse colonic tissues (p<0.05). These findings indicate that LP-YS3 imparts preventative effects on oxazolone-induced colitis in mice.