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안성훈,김양원,김미란,진헌철,안지영,이상래,류석용,김홍용,김성준,이병권,김경환 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.2
Background: A hyperosmolar nonketotic state has been known to have a high mortality, and even now, despite this high mortality, only a few studies of this disease have been performed. We studied the prognostic factors for the hyperosmolar nonketotic state. Methods: We retrospectively studied the cases of 40 patients who were in a hypersomolar nonketotic state when admitted to Sanggye Paik Hospital during the 6-year Period from 1995 through 2000. We divided the hyperosmolar nonketotic patients into two groups, the complete recovery group and the incomplete recovery group, and compared the clinical features, the laboratory findings, and the precipitating factors between two groups. Results: 1) A total of 40 patients were studied: 24 in the complete recovery group and 16 patients in the incomplete recovery group. The mortality rate was 32.5%. 2) No significant statistical difference existed among the clinical features of the two groups, except for the sex(p<0.01). 3) Among the laboratory findings of both groups, analysis revealed that the effective osmolarity was significantly higher among those in the incomplete recovery group(p<0.01). Serum sodium concentration was also significantly higher among those in the incomplete recovery group(p<0.01). Serum creatinine was also significantly higher among those in the incomplete recovery group(p<0.05). Serum bicarbonate concentration, on the other hand, was significantly lower among those in that group(p<0.05).4) Infection was identified as the most common precipitating factor(62.5%). Among the precipitating factors of the two groups, there were significant statistical difference in pneumonia, UTI, and inappropriate glucose control. 5) A significant statistical difference existed among the initial level of consciousness of both groups(p<0.05). 6) The only significant independent factor responsible for prognosis of nonketotic hyperosmolar state patients was the sex. Conclusion: The sex was only significant independent prognostic factor of nonketotic hyperosmolar state patients.
Neural Tract Injuries by Brain Herniations After Head Trauma :
Hong, Ji Heon,Kim, Seong Ho,Kim, Oh Lyong,Byun, Woo Mok,Jang, Sung Ho Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer) - Lippincott Wi 2012 The journal of head trauma rehabilitation Vol.27 No.2
<P>: Little is known about the usefulness and findings of brain herniation on diffusion tensor tractography (DTT). Using DTT, we demonstrated neural tract injuries in 2 patients who showed subfalcine and trasntentorial herniations after subdural hematoma resulting from motor vehicle accident.</P>
Hong, Ji Heon,Jang, Sung Ho The Society of Physical Therapy Science 2011 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY SCIENCE Vol.23 No.1
<P>[Purpose] Little is known about the detailed anatomical connections of the neural network related to hand movement in the human brain. We investigated the neural network using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) data analyzed in conjunction with functional MRI (fMRI) activation results. [Subjects and Method] We recruited 19 healthy volunteers for this study. Probabilistic tractography was used to analyze diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data that were collected using fMRI activation induced by grasp-release movements of the hand at a rate of 1 Hz. [Results] The brain areas connected to the primary sensorimotor cortex (SM1), which is activated by hand movements, were the premotor cortex (100%), superior parietal lobule (100%), intraparietal sulcus (100%), supramarginal gyrus (97.37%), supplementary motor area (89.47%), thalamus (86.84%), putamen (81.58%), pars opercularis (81.58%), pars triangularis (68.42%), angular gyrus (65.79%), and cerebellum (60.53%) in the same hemisphere and the contralateral primary motor cortex (60.53%) in the opposite hemisphere. No significant difference was observed in the total incidence of connected tracts between hemispheres. [Conclusion] These results reveal that more brain areas are involved in hand movements than were previously thought necessary for motor planning and execution in the human brain.</P>
Aberrant pyramidal tract in medial lemniscus of brainstem in the human brain
Hong, Ji Heon,Son, Su Min,Byun, Woo Mok,Jang, Han Won,Ahn, Sang Ho,Jang, Sung Ho Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2009 NEUROREPORT - Vol.20 No.7
The aberrant pyramidal tract (APT) refers to the collateral pathway of the pyramidal tract through the medial lemniscus in the brainstem. We showed the presence of an APT in the normal human brain using diffusion tensor tractography. Diffusion tensor tractography showed that the motor tracts of the 28 hemispheres in 14 healthy normal individuals originated from the primary sensori-motor cortex and descended through the known pathway of the pyramidal tract. However, in five (17.9%) of the 28 hemispheres, we observed that the APT descended through the medial lemniscus from the midbrain to the pons, and then entered into the pyramidal tract at the upper medulla, after which it descended through the pyramidal tract to the lower medulla.
Hong, Ji Heon,Jang, Sung Ho Taylor Francis 2010 Journal of rehabilitation medicine Vol.42 No.10
<P>OBJECTIVES: The cingulum and fornix are important structures for memory function. Using follow-up diffusion tensor tractography in a patient with traumatic brain injury we found degeneration of the cingulum and fornix. CASE REPORT: An 18-year-old male who had had a traffic accident underwent conservative management for diffuse axonal injury. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed an encephalomalactic lesion in the posterior portion of the corpus callosum. The patient had severe cognitive problems at 3 months after onset. However, while his intelligence had improved, his memory impairment had been aggravated at 14 months from onset. RESULTS: On the first diffusion tensor tractographies, the integrity of both corticospinal tracts, right cingulum, and left fornix were preserved; however, compared with controls, there were disruptions in both ends of the left cingulum and right fornical crus. On the second diffusion tensor tracto-graphies, both the cingulum and fornix showed severe degeneration, although the integrities of both corticospinal tracts were well preserved. CONCLUSION: We conclude that patients with memory impairment following traumatic brain injury should be evaluated using diffusion tensor imaging. In addition, follow-up diffusion tensor imaging may be necessary in patients with sustained memory impairment.</P>
Ji-Ye Kee,Yong-Deok Jeon,Dae-Seung Kim,Yo-Han Han,Jinbong Park,Dong-Hyun Youn,Su-Jin Kim,Kwang Seok Ahn,Jae-Young Um,Seung-Heon Hong 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.2
Background: The prevalence of allergic inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, and allergic rhinitis worldwide has increased and complete recovery is difficult. Korean Red Ginseng, which is the heat-processed root of Panax ginseng Meyer, is widely and frequently used as a traditional medicine in East Asia. In this study, we investigated whether Korean Red Ginseng water extract (RGE) regulates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines via the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) pathway in allergic inflammation. Methods: Compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic shock and 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNFB)-induced AD-like skin lesion mice models were used to investigate the antiallergic effects of RGE. Human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) and human mast cells (HMC-1) were also used to clarify the effects of RGE on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Results: Anaphylactic shock and DNFB-induced AD-like skin lesions were attenuated by RGE administration through reduction of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and interleukin (IL)-6 levels in mouse models. RGE also reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, and expression of chemokines such as IL-8, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) in HaCaT cells. Additionally, RGE decreased the release of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 as well as expressions of chemokines including macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, MIP-1b, regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and IL-8 in HMC-1 cells. Furthermore, our data demonstrated that these inhibitory effects occurred through blockage of the MAPK and NF-kB pathway. Conclusion: RGE may be a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of allergic inflammatory diseases such as AD-like dermatitis.
Juvenile sarcoidosis presenting as generalized papular eruption
( Ji Young Lee ),( Jong Heon Jeong ),( Seung Ju Yun ),( Gwang Hoon Kim ),( Jong Soo Hong ),( Ai-young Lee ),( Seung Ho Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.1
Juvenile sarcoidosis is a rare disease which shows different clinical features from adult form. Etiology of juvenile sarcoidosis is unknown, but there is hypothesis that mycobacteria play role in developing the disease. We report a case of juvenile sarcoidosis presenting as generalized papular eruption which had begun from BCG vaccination site. A 3-year-old girl visited our clinic with generalized skin eruption. Flesh colored papules had first arisen on the BCG vaccination site at 8 months of age, and then had spread to trunk and extremities gradually. Pruritus had not accompanied. The lesions had not responded to topical steroid. She had underwent punch biopsy 1 year ago and at this visit which had showed the same finding of granulomatous inflammation with sparse lymphocytic infiltration at the margin of granuloma and frequent multinucleated giant cells in the dermis. Ziehl-Neelsen stain for acid fast bacilli and polymerase chain reaction for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in tissue showed negative results. Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme and calcium level were normal. Chest X-ray did not show any abnormal finding. According to the clinical and hisopathological findings, she was diagnosed as juvenile sarcoidosis.