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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : James M Tracey (검색결과 3 건)
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Secondary and tertiary treatments for multiple sclerosis patients with urinary symptoms
James M Tracey,John T. Stoffel 대한비뇨의학회 2016 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.57 No.6
Multiple sclerosis patients with refractory urinary symptoms after treatment with behavioral therapy and medications still have treatment options. Prior to starting treatments, baseline symptoms should be assessed and treatment goals thoroughly discussed. Catheterization, botulinum toxin, and reconstructive surgery all can play a role in improving both safety and quality of life for these patients. Newer modalities, such as neuromodulation, may also have an increasing role in the future as more data develop regarding efficacy. Risks need to be weighed against any perceived benefit and disease status before more aggressive therapy is initiated.
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Penile inversion through a penoscrotal incision for the treatment of penile urethral strictures
Jonathan N Warner,James M Tracey,Ali A Zhumkhawala,Kevin G. Chan,Clayton S. Lau 대한비뇨의학회 2016 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.57 No.2
Purpose: This article describes a novel technique for the repair of penile urethral strictures and establishes the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of this innovative surgical approach. Materials and Methods: Patients with urethral strictures underwent a one-sided anterior dorsal oral mucosal graft urethroplasty through a penoscrotal inversion technique. The clinical outcome was considered a failure when any instrumentation was needed postoperatively, including dilatation. Results: Five patients underwent the novel procedure. The patients' mean age was 58 years. The cause of stricture was instrumentation in 2 cases (40%), lichen sclerosis in 1 case (20%), and failed hypospadias repair in 2 cases (40%). The mean stricture length was 3 cm. The overall mean (range) follow-up was 6 months (range, 3–9 months). Of the 5 patients, 4 (80%) had a successful outcome and 1 (20%) had a failed outcome. The failure was successfully treated by use of a meatotomy. Conclusions: The penile inversion technique through a penoscrotal incision is a viable option for the management of penile urethral strictures with several advantages to other techniques: namely, no penile skin incision, a single-stage operation, and supine positioning.
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THE SCALING RELATIONS AND STAR FORMATION LAWS OF MINI-STARBURST COMPLEXES
Nguyê,̃,n-Lu’o, Quang,Nguyê,̃,n, Hans V. V.,Motte, Fredé,rique,Schneider, Nicola,Fujii, Michiko,Louvet, Fabien,Hill, Tracey,Sanhueza, Patricio,Chibueze, James O.,Didelon, P American Astronomical Society 2016 The Astrophysical journal Vol.833 No.1
<P>The scaling relations and star formation laws for molecular cloud complexes (MCCs) in the Milky Way are investigated. MCCs are mostly large (R> 50 pc), massive (similar to 106 M circle dot) gravitationally unbound cloud structures. We compare their masses M-gas, mass surface densities Sigma(Mgas), radii R, velocity dispersions sigma, star formation rates (SFRs), and SFR densities Sigma(SFR) with those of structures ranging from cores, clumps, and giant molecular clouds, to MCCs, and galaxies, spanning eight orders of magnitudes in size and 13 orders of magnitudes in mass. This results in the following universal relations: sigma similar to R-0.5, M-gas similar to R-2, Sigma(SFR) similar to Sigma(1.5)(Mgas) , SFR similar to M-gas(0.9) , and SFR similar to sigma(2.7) Variations in the slopes and coefficients of these relations are found at individual scales, signifying different physics acting at different scales. Additionally, there are breaks at the MCC scale in the sigma-R relation and between starburst and normal star-forming objects in the SFR-M-gas and Sigma(SFR)-Sigma(Mgas) gas relations. Therefore, we propose to use the Schmidt-Kennicutt diagram to distinguish starburst from normal star-forming structures by applying a SMgas threshold of similar to 100M circle dot pc (2) and a Sigma(SFR) threshold of 1M circle dot yr (1) kpc (2). Mini-starburst complexes are gravitationally unbound MCCs that have enhanced Sigma(SFR) (> 1M circle dot yr(-1) kpc(-2)), probably caused by dynamic events such as radiation pressure, colliding flows, or spiral arm gravitational instability. Because of dynamical evolution, gravitational boundedness does not play a significant role in regulating the star formation activity of MCCs, especially the mini-starburst complexes, which leads to the dynamical formation of massive stars and clusters. We emphasize the importance of understanding mini-starbursts in investigating the physics of starburst galaxies.</P>
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