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정영표,이동렬,손용,김태요,윤재승,송윤강,김명선,박래길 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1999 圓光醫科學 Vol.15 No.2
Background: The effect of opioids on nitric oxide (NO)- and peroxynitrite-induced neuronal cell death is largely unknown. In the present study, we examined the effect of morphine on NO- and peroxynitrite-induced cell death using a human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line, which abundantly expresses μ, δ, k-opioid receptors. Methods: The cultured cells were pretreated with morphine and exposed to 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) that simultaneously generates NO and superoxide, thus possibly forming peroxynitrite. The cell damage was assessed by using MTT assay ana crystal violet staining. Exposure of the cells to SIN-1 for 24 hours induced apoptotic cell death, as evaluated by the occurrence of morphological nuclear changes characteristics of apoptosis using 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and measurement of pro-apoptotic protease, caspase-3, activity. Results: Pretreatment of SH-SY5Y with morphine, significantly inhibited the apoptotic cell death in a dose-dependent manner. Morphine also inhibited SIN-1-induced proapoptotic protease, caspase-3, activity in a dose-dependent manner. However, naloxone (20 μM) hardly antagonized the effect of morphine in SIN-1-induced cell death. The selective ligands for opioid receptor subtypes, [D-Ala^2, N-Me-Phe^4, Gly-ol^5]enkephalin (DAMGO, μ-opioid receptor agonist), [D-Pen^2.5]enkephalin (DPDPE, δ-opioid receptor agonist) and U-69593 (k-opioid receptor agonist) at the concentration of 10 μM did not prevent the cell death induced by SIN-1. PI3-kinase inhibitors, Wortmannin and LY294002, did not inhibit the action of morphine on apoptotic cell death. The neuroblastoma cells treated with morphine significantly elevated glutathione levels (GSH). Conclusions: The present study showed that morphine protected human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY45Y, from the peroxynitrite-induced apoptotic cell death through elevated GSH levels. However, it is suggested that the elevation of GSH by morphine is not via the activation of opioid receptors and/or PI3-kinase pathway but via other unknown mechanism.
Lee, Ju-Yeon,Chung, Young-Chul,Song, Je-Heon,Lee, Yo-Han,Kim, Jae-Min,Shin, Il-Seon,Yoon, Jin-Sang,Kim, Sung-Wan Elsevier 2018 Comprehensive psychiatry Vol.87 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Introduction</B></P> <P>Internet use is already high and increasing rapidly among people with psychotic disorders, but there have been few studies on problematic Internet use (PIU) among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of PIU and identify the factors associated with PIU among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>A cross-sectional survey was performed that included 368 outpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: 317 with schizophrenia, 22 with schizoaffective disorder, 9 with schizophreniform disorder, and 20 with other schizophrenia spectrum and psychotic disorders. The severity of psychotic symptoms and levels of personal and social functioning were assessed by the Clinician-rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity (CRDPSS) scale and the Personal and Social Performance (PSP) scale, respectively. PIU was evaluated using Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT). Additionally, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Rosenberg Selfesteem Scale (RSES), and Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) Inventory were administered.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>PIU was identified in 81 (22.0%) of the 368 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Subjects with PIU were significantly younger and more likely to be male. Scores on the HADS, PSS, and dysfunctional coping dimension of the Brief COPE Inventory were significantly higher, and RSES scores were significantly lower, in the PIU group. Logistic regression analysis indicated that PIU in patients was significantly associated with scores on the PSS and dysfunctional coping dimension of the Brief COPE Inventory.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and PIU were significantly more likely to have high levels of perceived stress and dysfunctional coping strategies. Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders who also engage in PIU may benefit from interventions that help them to develop appropriate skills for coping with stress.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders showed a high prevalence (22.0%) of problematic internet use (PIU). </LI> <LI> High levels of perceived stress rather than psychopathology itself contributes to the development of PIU in stabilized patients with schizophrenia. </LI> <LI> Our results indicate that managing stress and developing coping strategies are important for the prevention of PIU among this group of patients. </LI> </UL> </P>
백종현,소창배,이은영,이지숙,신은경,박은호,서정아,양재홍,송준영,박선자,박요한,최영식 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant syndrome, typically characterized by multiple colorectal adenomas and increased incidence of colorectal carcinomas if it is not treated. Moreover, a variety of extracolonic manifestation are seen. The prevalence of thyroid tumors developing in patients with FAP is about 1∼2%. Generally, papillary thyroid cancer indicates low mortality but ,however, as people get older, the cancer becomes more aggressive. So, the operation is required. Recently we experienced a case of FAP, presenting with papillary thyroid carcinoma, and reported with a brief review of literatures.
Jae-Young Kim,Chung-Keun Lee,Bai-Sun Kong,In-Kyu Lee,Shin-Nam Hong,Yo-Seung Song 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.45 No.1
Preamorphization, low-energy boron-ion implantation, and dual-step annealing processes were employed for the formation of shallow p+-n junctions. Germanium preamorphization was performed for a group of silicon substrates. Boron, the most commonly used p-type dopant, was implanted at an energy of 2 keV and a dose of 2 1015 cmက2 into both preamorphized and non-preamorphized wafers. Dual-step annealing was used to activate implanted ions and to annihilate implantation defects. Furnace annealing (FA) was performed at 850 C for 10 minutes, and rapid thermal annealing (RTA) was performed at two temperatures of 750 C and 1000 C for a total of 10 seconds at each temperature. The junction depth, the sheet resistance, and the leakage current were measured to characterize the junction properties. The FA + RTA annealing sequence produced better junction properties than the RTA + FA thermal cycle.
( Young Hun Choi ),( Seok-ran Yeom ),( Sung-wook Park ),( Wook Tae Yang ),( Il Jae Wang ),( Won Ung Tae ),( Suck Ju Cho ),( Dae Sup Lee ),( Mun Ki Min ),( Up Huh ),( Chanhee Song ),( Yeaeun Kim ),( Yo 대한응급의학회 2024 대한응급의학회지 Vol.35 No.3
Objective: This study evaluated the accuracy of the pre-hospital shock index multiplied by the AVPU scale (PSIAVPU) as a predictor of massive transfusion (MT) and traumatic coagulopathy. Methods: This research was a retrospective single-center study that included patients consecutively presenting to a trauma center between 2017 and 2020. The predictive value of the PSIAVPU for MT, in-hospital mortality, and traumatic coagulopathy was measured using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve. The AUC of the PSIAVPU was compared with the Reverse Shock Index multiplied by the Glasgow Coma Scale (rSIG) measured at the trauma center presentation. Results: One thousand seven hundred and ninety-two patients were included, of which 163 patients (9.09%) received MT and 195 patients (10.88%) died during their hospital stay. Traumatic coagulopathy was observed in 245 patients. The AUC values for the PSIAVPU in terms of predicting MT, hospital mortality, and traumatic coagulopathy were 0.755, 0.752, and 0.736, respectively. Conclusion: In patients with trauma, the predictive power of the PSIAVPU was higher than that of the prehospital shock index and was comparable to that of the rSIG. The PSIAVPU is a useful indicator that can be used easily and quickly for trauma patients at the prehospital stage.
( Na Young Kim ),( Dong Ho Lee ),( Joo Sung Kim ),( Hyun Chae Jung ),( In Sung Song ),( Kyung Phil Kang ),( Jung Hoon Lee ),( Jae Il Chung ),( Hyun Cheul Choi ),( Taek Man Nam ),( Sang Hyup Lee ),( Yo 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-
Background/Aims: The prevalence of gastric cancer and Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is high in Korea. This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence rate of atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) and their risk factors in the aspect of Hp virulence factors, environmental and host factors in normal population. Methods: The subjects consisted of 389, 135 H. pylori-negative and 254 H. pylori-positive. AG and IM were scored histologically by the Sydney classification in the antrum and body, respectively. Prevalence rate and bacterial factors such as cagA, vacA m1, m2, and oipA; environmental factors such as smoking, alcohol drinking; host factors such as genetic polymorphisms for IL-IB-511, IL-IRN, TNF-A, IL-10-592, IL-10-819, IL-10-1082, IL-8-251, IL-6-572, GSTP1, and p53 codon 72 were evaluated. Risk factors were calculated by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence rate of AG increased from 25%, 0% in the age of 20s, 45% and 22% in the 40s and 50% and 35% in the over 70s in the antrum and body, respectively (p<0.001). In case of IM it increased from 11.1% and 6.4% in the 30s up to 43% and 43% in over 70s in the antrum and body, respectively, (p<0.001). The positive rates of AG and IM were significantly higher in the Hp-positive than in the Hp-negative subjects. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for AG were Hp infection, age ≥60, cagA and vacA m1 positive. In case of IM the risk factors were Hp infection, age ≥60, smoking, spicy food, occupation (unemployed or non professional vs. professional), IL6-572 G carrier over C/C and IL10-592 C/A vs. A/A. Conclusions: The prevalence rate of AG and IM increased proportional to age. The most risk factor for AG and IM was Hp infection. Bacterial factors were important for AG but environmental and host factors were rather important in case of IM.