Remote sensing to predict insect vector migration and plant virus outbreaks: An example from California

Hyoseok Lee,Christian Nansen 한국응용곤충학회 2024 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2024 No.04

Climate change has made outbreaks of insect-transmitted plant viruses increasingly unpredictable. Understanding spatio-temporal dynamics of insect vector migration can help forecast virus outbreaks, but the relationship is often poorly characterized. The incidence of Beet curly top virus (BCTV) was examined in 2,196 tomato fields in California from 2013-2022. In addition, we experimentally showed dispersal of the beet leafhopper, the only known vector of BCTV is negatively correlated with plant greenness, and we estimated spring migration timing using a vegetation greenness-based model. Potential environmental factors and spring migration time of beet leafhoppers were associated with BCTV incidence. We found BCTV incidence is strongly associated with spring migration timing rather than environmental factors themselves. In addition, the vegetation greenness-based model was able to accurately predict the severe BCTV outbreaks in 2013 and 2021 in California. The predictive model for spring migration time was implemented into a web-based mapping system, serving as a decision support tool for management purposes.

Predicting early spring emergence and late season overwintering movement of <i>Calepitrimerus vitis</i> (Nalepa) (Acari: Eriophyidae) in grapevine

Lee, Sun Kyung,Im, Jae Seong,Jung, Jong Kook,Lee, Hyoseok,Lee, Joon-Ho 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.2 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The grape rust mite, <I>Calepitrimerus vitis</I> (Nalepa), is an important grapevine pest worldwide. During the period of early spring emergence and movement to the overwintering refuge in the late season, growers need to control <I>C. vitis</I> properly. We developed forecasting models of early spring emergence and late summer overwintering movement of <I>C. vitis</I> in vineyards for control time. Their activation in the early spring was estimated by changes in density between upper bud and the whole bud. The density of <I>C. vitis</I> on buds was estimated using a washing out method. The proportion of <I>C. vitis</I> on the upper bud was increased as accumulated degree-day (DD) was increased. This relationship was well described by a linear regression model. Based on the model, 153 DD with a base temperature of 10.51 °C, at which emergence rate of <I>C. vitis</I> deutogynes was 70%, was proposed as the control time for <I>C. vitis</I>. Movement of deutogynes in the late summer was observed. The ratio of <I>C. vitis</I> movement for hibernation was increased as the relative night length was getting longer. This relationship was well described by a two-parameter Weibull function. Proportion of migrant deutogynes was low in August. It increased sharply when relative night length was 0.499 (11.97 h, middle September). Therefore, control should be conducted before autumnal equinox in late summer at the latest.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Spring emergence and late season overwintering movement of <I>C. vitis</I> were modeled. </LI> <LI> 153 DD with a base temperature of 10.51 °C was proposed as a spring control time. </LI> <LI> Cumulative overwintering movement of <I>C. vitis</I> was 50% at 11.97 h of a night length. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Comparison of three types of models for predicting insect voltinism under global warming

Hyoseok Lee,Jong-Kook Jung,Sang-Hyun Koh,Joon-Ho Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.04

Voltinism could be used as an index assessing the global warming effects on insect phenology. In many cases, however, the voltinism could not be defined explicitly as a numerical scale especially when it should be calculated over the various climatic conditions. In addition, calculation of insect voltinism is much difficult when only a small portion of its population emerge as adults in the late season. In this study, a degreeday model, a simplified phenology model and a population model for the peach fruit moth, Carposina sasakii, were used to predict their voltinism. To evaluate the model performance, we assumed a continuously host providing system. Daily maximum and minimum temperatures in Suwon in 2015, and 2℃ increase in the daily maximum and minimum temperatures were used to describe current and future climate conditions, respectively. The merits and limits for three models for evaluating insect voltinism are discussed.

Introduction of N-cadherin-binding motif to alginate hydrogels for controlled stem cell differentiation

Lee, Jae Won,An, Hyoseok,Lee, Kuen Yong Elsevier 2017 Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces Vol.155 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Control of stem cell fate and phenotype using biomimetic synthetic extracellular matrices (ECMs) is an important tissue engineering approach. Many studies have focused on improving cell-matrix interactions. However, proper control of cell-cell interactions using synthetic ECMs could be critical for tissue engineering, especially with undifferentiated stem cells. In this study, alginate hydrogels were modified with a peptide derived from the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5), which is known to bind to N-cadherin, as a cell-cell interaction motif. <I>In vitro</I> changes in the morphology and differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (D1 stem cells) cultured in LRP5-alginate hydrogels were investigated. LRP5-alginate gels successfully induced stem cell aggregation and enhanced chondrogenic differentiation of D1 stem cells, compared to RGD-alginate gels, at low cell density. This approach to tailoring synthetic biomimetic ECMs using cell-cell interaction motifs may be critical in tissue engineering approaches using stem cells.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> LRP5 peptide can be successfully conjugated to alginate hydrogel. </LI> <LI> LRP5-alginate gel induces N-cadherin-mediated cell-cell interaction. </LI> <LI> LRP5-alginate gel enhances stem cell aggregation and chondrogenic differentiation. </LI> <LI> Controlling cell-cell interaction is critical in tissue engineering applications. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

A Dramatic Spin–Orbit Effect Observed in the Vibrational Frequencies of the Chloroiodomethane Cation

Lee, Mina,Kim, Hyoseok,Lee, Yoon Sup,Kim, Myung Soo WILEY-VCH Verlag 2005 Angewandte Chemie. international edition Vol.44 No.19

<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>The vibrational spectrum of [CH<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>35</SUP>ClI]<SUP>+</SUP> (see formula) was recorded by mass-analyzed threshold ionization (MATI) spectrometry. Spin–orbit effects were used in density functional calculations to determine the structure of the ground state of the cation. The results suggest that spin–orbit terms should be treated the same as other relativistic effects in some cases. <img src='wiley_img/14337851-2005-44-19-ANIE200463090-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/14337851-2005-44-19-ANIE200463090-content'> </P>

One-photon mass-analyzed threshold ionization spectroscopy of CH2BrI: Extensive bending progression, reduced steric effect, and spin-orbit effect in the cation

Lee, Mina,Kim, Hyoseok,Lee, Yoon Sup,Kim, Myung Soo American Institute of Physics 2005 The Journal of chemical physics Vol.123 No.2

Ecological predictions using AI in the era of big data to a dvance pest management

Hyoseok Lee,Christian Nansen,Nicholas Manoukis 한국응용곤충학회 2024 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2024 No.04

As new AI techniques are developed and various types of big data accumulated, new approaches for pest management are also being attempted. Various spatio-temporal scale big data are being accumulated, and attempts are being made to utilize them to classify target objects and analyze their characteristics. Remote sensing data is widely used across various fields, and is being measured, stored, and shared in diverse formats. Hyperspectral imaging and satellite data are ecologically relevant big data, with distinct formats and potential applications. We will introduce real-world AI examples of utilizing hyperspectral image analysis, as well as estimating pest population density using satellite data.

스마트워치 인터랙션 연구 동향 분석

윤효석(Hyoseok Yoon),이지은(Ji-Eun Lee),이경택(Kyung-Taek Lee) 한국정보과학회 2015 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2015 No.6

독점규제법상 부당지원행위규제에 관한 소고

이효석(Lee, Hyoseok) 한국재산법학회 2012 재산법연구 Vol.29 No.2

부당지원행위에 대한 규제는 대규모 기업집단의 경제력 집중을 방지하고, 관련시장 내 경쟁과 공정한 거래에 미치는 부정적인 효과를 차단하기 위해 독점규제법에 도입되었다. 부당지원행위규제의 주된 입법취지가 경제력 집중의 억제에 있음에도 불구하고, 입법과정 중 불공정거래행위 유형의 하나로 포섭됨으로써 지금까지도 법해석 및 적용상 많은 논란의 여지를 남기고 있다. 부당지원행위에 관한 논의는 규제 자체의 규범적 타당성에서부터 부당성 판단기준과 구체적 위법성 요건에 이르기까지 실로 다양하게 전개되고 있다. 독점규제법을 통한 부당지원행위 규제에 대한 일부의 비판적인 시각에도 불구하고, 경제력 집중의 문제가 단순히 지배주주의 사익추구나 편법적인 부의 이전 문제를 넘어 경제력 집중이 초래하는 전체 경제질서에 미치는 부정적 효과, 그리고 개별시장에서의 자유롭고 공정한 경쟁을 제한하는 결과를 초래할 우려가 있다는 점에서 독점규제법의 개입은 정당한 것으로 생각된다. 규범적 측면에서 본다면 경제력 집중 억제는 시장의 본질적 기능 유지 및 공정한 거래질서를 저해를 방지하기 위한 사전규제의 의미를 지니지만, 그 실제적 형식은 특정한 지원행위를 사후적으로 규제하는 형태를 띤다. 그러한 맥락에서 지원행위는 그 자체로 부당하거나 위법하다고 볼 수는 없으며, 다만 일정한 경우, 이를 테면 관련시장 내 경쟁을 저해하거나 경제력 집중의 우려가 있을 때에는 금지되는 바, 이 글에서는 독점규제법상 부당한 지원행위의 규제를 행위요건 및 위법성 요건을 중심으로 해석․검토하였다. Article 23 §1 of Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Act(hereinafter ‘MRFTA’) prevent the practices of supporting between undertakings(especially transactions between affiliated company in a large business group) or supporting persons in special relationship. The main purpose of this regulation is preventing economic concentration and unfair trade practices. This is very unique legislation, so there is no comparable legislation in foreign competition law. Supporting practices between undertaking can enhance efficiency of trade but distort fair trade(competition) in relevant market as well. The specific negative effect of that is concentration of economic power of a few large business group(so called ‘chaebol’). Korean Fair Trade Commission based on two standards to determine illegality of supporting practices. One is restriction on competition and the other is economic concentration. However the concrete requirements to each standards for measuring unfairness of supporting practices are not formed yet. In this circumstances, this paper seeks to review the standards on supporting practices and clarify the meaning of the norm through analysis on the current provisions and cases in court.

차량 통신환경의 데이터 획득을 위한 CAN to UDP 프로그램 개발 및 분석

이효석(Hyoseok Lee),박창우(Changwoo Park),이형철(Hyeongcheol Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2016 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2016 No.11

In this paper, we develop a protocol transformation program for data transmission from a vehicle network to the computer program. At the numerous studies related to vehicle network, they require the system which transfers vehicle messages to computer programs. At the V2C and Connected Car technologies, it is important to transfer the vehicle CAN data to the computer network. We propose the CAN to UDP program and data layouts which transfer CAN data to the suitable computer program. We analyze UDP local and Ethernet performance through increasing data length about latency and lost. As result of our research, we could confirm the feasibility and usability of data transmission for CAN to UDP network.