알코올의 섭취가 흰쥐의 혈액과 간의 지질대사에 미치는 영향

이명숙,김영연,김효숙,김매하,전진순,서진숙,송선미,양영재,윤원손,이미라,이효영,정승현 誠信女子大學校 生活文化硏究所 2004 生活文化硏究 Vol.18 No.-

To investigate the effects of ethanol on the lipid metabolism in blood and liver, twenty one male Sprague Dawley rats had orally taken the 25% alcohol and 50% alcohol by 5g per Kg of weight during 3 weeks after the adjusting period. For the energy balance, 85% sucrose and 45% sucrose was added in control group and 25% alcohol group each. The weight was reduced by alcohol treatment according to the levels, otherwise the weight of liver and heart was little increased in alcohol groups rather than in control without significance. Moreover, RBC, WBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit were increased by alcohol treatment according to the levels without significance. Otherwise, adjusted bilirubin levels by 100g of weight was significantly increased by alcohol treatment dose dependently. Alcohol induced RBC degradation and increased circulated bilirubin because of liver damage. For blood lipid profiles, blood cholesterol was increased in 50% of alcohol group compared to that of 25% and control groups, otherwise, blood triglycerides (TG) was increased by 30% in 25% alcohol groups rather than in control but not significantly different. The hepatic lipid composition, cholesterol levels in alcohol treatment groups was lower than those in control. The hepatic TG was not influenced by alcohol treatment. The two reasons of decreasing hepatic lipids were suggested by 85% sucrose of control for energy balance more synthesized cholesterol and TG than those in 25 or 50% alcohol groups, and by cholesterol and TG could not be synthesized because of liver damage from alcohol.

기사환국의 트라우마와 그 치유 양상 - 장동 김문을 중심으로 -

이효숙 ( Hyo-sook Lee ) 국제어문학회 ( 구 국제어문학연구회 ) 2019 국제어문 Vol.0 No.80

본 연구의 목적은 노론 문인들에게 ‘기사환국’이라는 정치적 격변이 문학 작품에 어떻게 투영되고 극복되는지를 살피는 데 있다. ‘기사환국’은 1689년, 숙종이 후궁 소의 장씨 소생을 원자로 정호하는 문제를 계기로 서인이 축출되고 남인이 정권을 장악한 정치적 국면을 일컫는다. ‘기사환국’은 노론계 가문의 구성원들의 삶에 큰 영향을 끼쳤다. 본고에서는 ‘기사환국’의 충격이 시문을 통해 전해지고 있는 장동 김문을 대상으로 하여 트라우마의 극복 양상을 살폈다. 장동 김문의 경우, 김수항이 사사된 이후 거상기간 동안 시를 짓지 않았다. 애도의 기간이 지난 뒤, 김수증의 강권에 힘입어 김수항의 아들들은 시작에 참여한다. 이 때 창작된 시 중 만시(輓詩)에서는 죽음의 허망함과 고인에 대한 애도라는 만시 특유의 의례적 격식을 넘어 개인의 울분이 혼재되어 있다. 이들은 ‘차운(次韻)’이라는 한시 특유의 글쓰기 방식을 활용하여 동일한 주제의 시를 지었다. 이를 통해 감정과 기억을 공유하는 한편, 자신의 트라우마를 객관화하고자 하였다. 이들이 트라우마를 극복하고 다시 시 짓기를 시작한 데에는 김수증의 역할이 컸다. 김수증은 집안의 가장 어른으로서 자신의 70세 수연을 계기로, 장동 김문의 자제들의 다시 시작에 임할 수 있도록 격려하였다. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the political upheaval of Gisahwnguk is projected and overcome. In 1689, Sook-jong was involved in a political event in which a servant was taken by a man who had been appointed as a taxpayer by Sook-jong’s son. Gisahwnguk greatly influenced the lives of the Noron family. In this paper, I examine how the trauma of ‘Kwon-guk’ in Jang-dong Kim Mun appeared in their poetry and how they overcame it through poetry. After the death of Kim Su-hong, the people of Chang Dong Kim did not write poetry. After a period of mourning, when Kim Su-jeung forced them to write poetry, it became a space of creative exploration again. In this poem, the poetry of poetry is a mixture of individual despair beyond the ritual form of death, which is the fate of death and mourning for the deceased. They used poetry-specific writing style called the “Daehong Rhyme” to create poems of the same theme. Through this, they tried to objectify their own trauma while sharing feelings and memories. The role of Kim Su-jeong was great when they overcame the trauma and began to rebuild. As the adult of the family, he was encouraged to be responsible for the resumption of Jang Dong Kim’s disciplines.

기혼 여성의 부부 적응도와 성격 차워난의 연관성

이효근,조숙행,김정웅 한국정신신체의학회 2003 정신신체의학 Vol.11 No.2

Fuzzy Number의 산술적 성질과 Fuzzy 사건의 확률

李相建,梁孝淑 全北大學校 敎育大學院 2000 敎育論叢 Vol.20 No.-

퍼지이론은 1965년 Lofti Zadeh 교수에 의해서 소개된 이후로 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 퍼지숫자(fuzzy number)를 신뢰구간(interval of confidence)의 확장으로 보고, 유일한 수준값의 신뢰구간 대신에 0에서 1까지의 수준값으로 일반화한다. 퍼지 숫자가 가정되는 수준(level of presumption) α가 0에서 1까지 증가할 때, 신뢰구간은 감소한다. 퍼지 개념은 우리가 경험하는 애매모호한 실제 상황을 표현하는 데 적합하다. 퍼지사건(fuzzy event)의 확률개념은 이런 환경을 처리하는 방법으로 효과적이다. 본 논문에서는 첫째, 퍼지숫자를 정의하고 그것들의 연산과 성질을 다루었으며 관련된 예제를 들었다. 둘째, 퍼지사건의 확률을 소개하고 기본적인 특성을 보였다.

農村地域社會 發展을 위한 女性의 役割

李效再,金周淑 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1977 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.30 No.-

The continued migration of rural people to the cities since 1960s has resulted in a significant decrease o f the labor force and has made more women participate in farming production. Furthermore, the role of rural women in community development has increased since rural women as well as men are mobilized for the new Village Movement (Saemaul Movement) which was started in 1971. This survey studied the enlarged rural women's role in three aspects-economic activities, household activities and community development. From the responses of 374 samples in eight villages, the conclusions were drawn as follows: 1. Women's participation in farming production has considerably increased. 85.8% of the respondents answered that they participated in the farming, higher than their husbands (82.3%). In the village where there was cooperative rice-planting, 56.9% of the respondents participated in it while one fourth had experienced working in other's farm for wages during the year. For selling of their farm products, however, rural women do not seem play a major role, though 40-50% of the respondents participate in their husband's making decision on selling their farm products. 2. The household work for preparing the meals and clothes for the family is still women's responsibility entirely, although cooking became a little easier because of somewhat improved kitchens and the use of some electric appliances for cooking. Clothes are no longer hand made and all are purchased, but washing is still done completely by hand. Women's voice in home management became louder, and the purchase of daily necessities of food and clothes is mainly decided by women. While men are the decision markers in making a loan either from the bank or private sources and in choosing the kind of crops they will plant, child rearing, purchase of big furnishings and helping the relatives are discussed and decided by husband and wife together. 3. The social activities of rural women are limited mainly to attending the village women's meeting visiting their children's schools, and shopping in the market. The examples of women visiting the public organizations were few. About one third of the respondents are participating in Kye, composed of only women. Most of the respondents are the members of the Women's Club in the village. The organization and programs of the Women's club seemed to be initiated by government rather than by the villagers themselves voluntarily. In the villages where the New Village Movement is active, women participated in the village affairs and developmental projects such as road building, forestation and other improvements of the environment. The main activities of the Club are sunning of cooperative store, collective cooking in rice-planting season, rice-saving, and cooking education for improvement of their diet. 4. The traditional social attitudes of the respondents seem to have changed : two thirds of them stressed that women as well as men should participate in community activities and also approved of having a job outside home. On marriage, too, a relatively high percentage of women think it optional. The perception of happiness among younger women is focused more on the marital relationship than on children. This survey has shown that rural women are carrying many roles as farmers, mothers, home managers, and workers for the community. In view of the fact that woman labor will be increasingly needed in production in the present structure of rural society, it raises the problem of welfare of the rural women and their children. Institutional support for more intensive development of village cooperative systems for production, consumption and household labor is under serious demands in order to facilitate their multiple roles, and the national health programs also will have to be made more available for the mother-child health. Furthermore rural women will have to be integrated in the agricultural education and technical training programs so that they may keep pace with improving farm technique and management, not as mere helpers but as equal partners with their men.

都市家族問題 및 地域的 協同에 關한 硏究

李效再,金周淑 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1972 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.20 No.-

I. Objectives of the Survey and Definition of the Problem. II. Sampling and the Research Method. A. Selection of the Area and Sampling of the Households. B. Interviewing. III. Description of the Surveyed Communities. A. An Overview of the Areas. B. Homogeneous Characteristics of the Resident Families. IV. Family Problems and Needs. A. Rearing and Education of the Children. B. Consumer Problems. C. Health Problems. D. Community Problems. V. Neighborhood Relations and the Problem of Cooperation. A. Patterns of Neighborhood Relations. B. Leisures of the Housewives and their Social Activities. C. Areas of Neighborhood Cooperation and Problems. VI. Summary and Conclusion. A. Characteristics of the Households and the Head Couples. B. Family Problems. C. Community Cooperation and Organized Activities. D. Potentials of the Organized Approach to the Development of Urban Residential Communities. The rapid urban growth in Korea has brought about in recent years a development of new housing areas in cities. Apartment complexes and residential areas for housing of the middle and low income brackets have been constricted under governmental and private plans. This has made a differentiation of housing areas according to social strata, and there have risen many middle class apartment and residential housing areas. Since the settlers of these areas are coming from different geographical and occupational backgrounds, they need to establish neighborhood relations toward development of a community to which they feel a sense of belonging and voluntary participations. Such community relations may be developed out of cooperative approaches to common problems rising in their family and neighborhood life. Therefore, the newly formed middle class housing areas should be led to organize themselves into cooperative community structure for the function of meeting needs of urban families and communities in change. For this ultimate goal, this survey aims to discover problems that are common to the families in the selected communities and also the patterns of neighborhood relations that are spontaneously developed. On the bases of these findings, programs for organizing housewives in the community were intended to be planned and their organizational activities might be guided toward the development of a cooperative community center. In order of develop this project, two middle-class communities were selected, namely a newly constructed Apartment area and also a new residential area, therefore this is rather a comprehensive community survey to diagnose problem areas and to collect basic data required for planning educational and action programs for the housewives.

都市家族問題 및 地域的協同에 관한 硏究

李效再,金周淑 이화여자대학교 1972 硏究叢書 Vol.1972 No.1

The rapid urban growth in Korea has brought about in recent years a development of new housing areas in cities. Apartment complexes and residential areas for housing of the middle and lowincome brackets have been constructed under governmental and private plans. This has made adifferentiation of housing areas according to social strata, and there have risen many middle class apartment and residential housing arers. Since the settlers of these areas are coming from differentgeographical and occupational backgrounds, they need to establish neighborhood relations towarddevelopment of a community to which they feel a sense of belonging and voluntary participations.Such community relations may be developed out of cooperative approaches to common problemsrising in their family and neighorhood life. Therefore, the newly formed middle class housing areasshould be led to organize themselves into cooperative community structure for the function of meetingneeds of urban families and communities in change. For this ultimate goal, this, survey aims to discover problems that are common to the families inthe selected communities and also the patterns of neighborhood relations that are spontaneously doveloped. On the bases of these findings, programs for organizing housewives in the community wereintended to be planned and their organizational activities might be gulfed toward the developmentof a cooperative community center. In order to develop this project, two middle-class communities were selected, namely a newlyconstructed Apartment area and also a new residential area, therefore this is rather a comprehensivecommunity survey to diagnose problem areas and to collect basic data required for planning educationaland action programs for the housewives.

한국전통생활문화에 관한 고찰

이숙,홍윤호,신윤숙,신효식,한경미,최정미,김은정 全南大學校家政科學硏究所 2002 生活科學硏究 Vol.12 No.-

This study is objected on preliminary research for more scientific and wider studies on the Traditional Living Culture of Korea. For this purpose, studies about clothing, food, home management, Traditional Living Culture were reviewed and analysed. The results were as follows : First, Clothing culture studies concentrated on ritual clothings, Second, Food Culture studies included history of traditional food development and recipes. Third, in the field of home management value system, attitudes and parent-child relations were studied,

노부모의 성인자녀와의 갈등 및 우울에 관한 연구

이윤정,이신숙,신효식 全南大學校家政科學硏究所 1994 生活科學硏究 Vol.4 No.-

This study was to investigate the depression of the aged parents perceived through the conflicts between the aged parents and their adult children. The subjects of the study were 469 old parents, consisted of 234 male and 235 female over 60 years old lives in Kwangju. The datas were analysed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, oneway ANOVA, t test, Duncan's test and multiple regression using SAS program and the results are as follows. 1) In the conflict between the aged parents and their adult children which the aged parents perceive, the mean values are 32.54 in the case of old father and 34.26 in old mother from the average point. The average values of the depression the aged parents perceive are 26.03 and 28.35 each in old father and old mother and show the level of depression over the middle value. 2) The background variables which show the significant differences of the conflict between the aged parents and their adult children are marital status, age, education, pocket money, health and activity of the aged parents. 3) The background variables which show the significant difference in the depression the aged parents perceive are marital atatus, education, pocket money, health, activity, support type and occupation of the aged parents. 4) The depression and conflict between the aged parents and their adult children show high correlations and the greatest variable as the effect of conflict on the depression is emotional conflict. In addition, significant difference is shown depending on health, value and economic conflict and its explanatory power is 50%.

식사관리와 영양지식에 관한 연구

이효지,장유경,오은주,유차숙 漢陽大學校 韓國生活科學硏究所 1989 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.- No.7

The purpose of this study was to investigate meal management and nutrition knowledge of the housewives according to their region, age, educational level, income and occupation. The subjects consisted of 2082 housewives residing in big city, middle or small city and agricultural and fishing villages. The portion of housewives living in the middle or small city was 44.1% and the major portion of age distribution was 30's(34.2%). More than half of the housewives(58.5%) had a job. Meal management included in this sutdy was their attitude for meal, nutritional balance in their dishes and harmonizing nutrition knowledge in the life. The meal attitude of the housewives who had no job was the lowest score. Dishes arrangement and harmonizing nutrition knowledge in the life were shown the highest score at the age of 60's. They had experience of nutritional education(63.8% ), The source of nutritional information were in order of TV., radio, relatives & neighbors, newspapers and magazines. The average score of nutrition knowledge was 7.07 out of possible 10 point. Nutrition knowledge had significant correlation with region, age, educational level and income. With increasing educational level, income and decreasing age, the score of nutrition knowledge was getting higher. Also, the housewives of urban was the higher in the nutrition knowledge score than those of rural. The frequency of food intake appeared at the higher in fruits, milk & products than meats & fishes, fishes of eatable bone, yellow green vegetables, and frying and parching food etc.