Health Behaviors Before and After the Implementation of a Health Community Organization: Gangwon’s Health-Plus Community Program

Hyeong,Kim Nam-Jun,Kim Soo-Hyeong,박웅섭 대한예방의학회 2023 예방의학회지 Vol.56 No.6

Objectives: Community organization is a resident-led movement aimed at creating fundamental social changes in the community by resolving its problems through the organized power of its residents. This study evaluated the effectiveness of health community organization (HCO), Gangwon’s Health-Plus community program, implemented from 2013 to 2019 on residents’ health behaviors.Methods: This study had a before-and-after design using 2011-2019 Korea Community Health Survey data. To compare the 3-year periods before and after HCO implementation, the study targeted areas where the HCO had been implemented for 4 years or longer. Therefore, a total of 4512 individuals from 11 areas with HCO start years from 2013 to 2016 were included. Complex sample multi-logistic regression analysis adjusting for demographic characteristics (sex, age, residential area, income level, education level, and HCO start year) was conducted.Results: HCO implementation was associated with decreased current smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57 to 0.95) and subjective stress recognition (aOR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.97). Additionally, the HCO was associated with increased walking exercise practice (aOR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.71), and attempts to control weight (aOR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.64). No significant negative changes were observed in other health behavior variables.Conclusions: The HCO seems to have contributed to improving community health indicators. In the future, a follow-up study that analyzes only the effectiveness of the HCO through structured quasi-experimental studies will be needed.

광주·전남 지역 병원간 응급 의료 전달 체계에 대한 연구 : 조선대학교 병원 응급의료센터를 중심으로

조남수,조수영 조선대학교 2001 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.26 No.1

Background: To provide basic data to help construct regional EMSS. Methods: Using a questionnaire, the authors investigated prospectively the data of 766 patients transferred directly to Emergency Medical Center of Chosun University Hospital from other hospitals from April 1 to May 31, 2000. Results: 1) Transfer records; Transfer records of 407(53.1%) patients were faithful, 159(20.7%) patients were unfaithful. 47(6.2%) patients made a phone call to the emergency room or the Department of Emergency Medicine, 9(1.2%) patients to other departments, and 144(18.8%) patients were others. 2) The distribution of the region; A regional distribution of 766 patients transferred to Chosun University Hospital. The transfer took less than 1 hour in 134 patients, it took 1~2 hours in 150 patients, 2~3 hours in 222 patients and 3 hours or more in 260 patients. 3) The mode of transfer; Of the 766 patients, 8(1.1%) patients were transferred by foot, 78(10.2%) patients by a 119 rescue ambulance, 428(55.9%) patients by a hospital ambulance, 31(4.0%) patients by an emergency rescue party, 149(19.5%) patients used private cars, 67(8.8%) patients used public transportation and 5(0.6%) patients were transferred by others means. 4) The reason of transfer; 138(18%) transferred patients from primary hospital or secondary hospital wanted the transfer. 306(39.9%) patients were transferred due to inducement, 162(21.1%) patients due to the absence of specialized departmental doctors, 64(8.4%) patients due to emergency surgery, 46(6%) patients due to bed deficit and 50(6.5%) patients due to other reasons. 5) Diagnosis and treatment in ER; Among all transferred patients, 6 patients were in pericardiocentesis, 103 patients in CT(brain), 61 patients in MRI(brain), 65 patients CT(other part), 10 patients in MRI(other part), 15 patients in closed thoracostomy, 148 patients in central vein catheterization, 5 patients in 4-vessel angiogram and 152 patients in endotracheal intubation. 6) The result of treatment; 458(59.8%) patients were admitted, 148(19.3%) patients to ICU, 15(2%) patients were admitted to a delivery room, 14(1.8%) patients were transferred to an other hospital, 30(3.9%) patients were in a mortuary, 101(13.2%) patients were discharged and 221 patients were admitted for an emergency operation. Conclusion: For effective and well organized EMSS the following are required. Communication prior to the patients transfer. Reinforcement of ambulance equipment and training of emergency staff for long distance transfer of a serious case. A detailed record of early state and treatment of transferred patients. The standardizational the transfer records which contains first aid treatment including fluid treatments, address and early vital signs of patients. Investigation and study for newlydeveloped transfer records.

급성 약물 중독에 대한 임상적 고찰

조수형,조남수,김용배 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.2

A clinical observation was made on 194 cases of drug intoxication to Chosun University hospital via emergency room during one year from January 1994 to December 1994. The observed results were summarized as follows; 1. The ratio of drug intoxicated patients to total patients of emergency room was 1.3%(194 patients of the total 14,836 patients) 2. Female was slightly more than male (54% : 46%) and the age group of the third decade was of the largest proportion. 3. In monthly distribution, September had the largest propotion(14.4%). The largest proportion of the time interval on arrival to emergency room and of presumed time of poisoning was night(8 p.m. ∼12 p.m.). 4. Suicidal attempt was the most common motive of drug intoxication(82.5%). 5. The most common drug of intoxication was S.H.T.(sedatives, hypnotics, tranquilizer)(24.7%). 6. The abnormal signs on arrival to emergency room were tachycardia, tachypnea, hypertension in order of frequency. 7. The observed abnormal laboratory findings on arrival to emergency room were leukocytosis(97 cases), glucosuria(21 cases), proteinuria(10 cases) in order of frequency. 8. The outcome of the patients were recovery(42.8%), against discharge(35%), hopeless discharge(16%), death(6,2%).

Takayasu′s 동맥염에 의한 쇄골하 동맥류(1예)

조남수,조수형,박광철 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

Takayasu's arteritis is a non-specific inflammatory process that involves the aorta and its main branches, the etiology of which remains unknown. This arteritis occurs predominantly in young Asian women, although there have been many documented cases in males and non-Asians. Criteria for the diagnosis of Takayasu's arteritis were developed by The Subcommittee on Classification of Vasculitis of the American College of Rheumatology in 1990, of which a modified version is shown in Table 1. The presence of three or more of the six criteria shown demonstrated a diagnostic sensitivity of 90.5% and a specificity of 97.8%. Takayasu's arteritis is known as 'pulseless disease,' and this non-specific inflammatory arteriopathy typically produces segmental arterial narrowing and occlusion with resultant end-organ ischemic consequences, including upper extremity digital necrosis, stroke, visceral ischemia and renal failure. Previously reported sites of aneurysm formation include the thoracic and abdominal aorta, as well as the innominate, the carotid and the superior mesenteric arteries, but rarely the subclavian artery. A 26-year-old man presented with a progressively enlarging and tender pulsatile mass at the base of the left neck, intermittent Claudication of the upper limbs in association with a decreased brachial artery pulse and a bruit over the subclavian artery. Computed tomography and aortography demonstrated a 4 cm × 5 cm aneurysm of the left subclavian artery. There was no evidence of occlusive disease. An aneurysmectomy with 8 mm hemashield graft interposis was performed. Pathology revealed a chronic, active inflammatory process. Aneurysm formation is an unusual complication of Takayasu's arteritis. Emergency department physicians must carefully observed patiens with symptomatic upper extremity pain and paresthesia and must consider whether those symptoms might be due to the formation of a subclavian artery aneurysm due to Takayasu's arthritis

투명각막절개를 이용한 백내장수술 후 각막난시의 변화

어수재,박규형,형성민 충북대학교 의학연구소 2001 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.11 No.1

연구목적: 백내장수술은 절개창의 크기를 줄이고 접힘 인공수정체를 삽입한 뒤 봉합을 실시하지 않는 방법을 통해 조기 시력회복과 광학적 안정성을 도모하는 방향으로 발전해 왔다.최근에는 이측 투명각막절개를 통한 수술이 많이 이루어지고 있는데, 이는 공막낭절개에 비해 수술시간이 빠르고, 출혈이 없으며, 수술조작이 쉽다는 장점이 있다.그러나, 공막낭절개시보다 시축에 가까워 좀더 많은 난시를 유발할 가능성이 있다. 투명각막절개를 이용한 백내장수술 결과와 공막낭절개를 이용한 백내장수술 결과를 비교하여 난시의 정도와 방향성, 조기 시력회복 여부를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 백내장수술을 받고 3개월이상 추적관찰이 가능했던 환자 28명 31안을 대상으로 하였다.투명각막절개를 시행한 17안을 대상군(Ⅰ군)으로 하였고 공막낭절개를 시행한 14안을 대조군(Ⅱ군)으로 하여 수술 후 각막난시의 변화와 시력회복에 관해 연구하였다.수술 후 유도된 각막난시는 Cravy 벡터분석법을 이용하여 계산하였고, 총 각막난시(Kt)와 방향성을 고려한 각막난시 (dK)를 비교하였다. 결과: 수술로 인해 유발된 총 각막난시는 Ⅰ군과 Ⅱ군 사이에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다.방향성을 고려한 각막난시는 Ⅰ군과 Ⅱ군 모두 술 후 도난시로의 변화를 보였고 추적관찰 기간동안 두 군 사이에 유의한 차이는 없었다.절개창의 위치에 따른 방향성을 고려한 각막난시의 차이는 없었다.술 후 나안시력은 Ⅰ군과 Ⅱ군 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: 공막낭절개와 투명각막절개를 이용한 백내장 수술은 난시의 정도와 방향성, 조기 시력 회복에 차이가 없었다.그러므로, 수술적 접근이 용이하다는 점, 수술조작이 간편하다는 점과 수술시간이 단축된다는 점에서 볼 때 투명각막절개를 이용한 백내장수술이 더 바람직하다고 생각한다. Purpose : The changes in corneal astigmatism and visual acuity after phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens implantation through clear corneal incision were compared with scleral tunnel incision. Materials and Methods : Postoperative corneal astigmatic changes, early vision recovery were evaluated after cataract surgery through clear corneal incision (group Ⅰ, 17 eyes) by comparisoning with that of after cataract surgery through scleral tunnel incision (group Ⅱ, 14 eyes).Surgically induced corneal astigmatism was calculated by Cravy's vector analysis. Results : The surgically induced corneal astigmatism (Kt) in both groups showed no statistically significant difference in against-the-rule change during all follow-up period.The surgically induced corneal astigmatism "with- or against-the-rule" according to definition (dK) showed no different result in both groups according to incision site.There was no different result in both groups for uncorrected visual acuity. Conclusion : There was no different result in postoperative corneal astigmatism (Kt, dK) and early vision recovery after carataract surgery through clear corneal incision and scleral tunnel incision.Therefore, in aspect of easy surgical approaches, easy operative procedures and short operative times, cataract surgery through the clear corneal incision is superior to that through the scleral tunnel incision.

韓國 文化行政의 機能變化에 관한 試論 : 文化國家 實現을 위한 行政의 變化課題 A Problems of Korea's Cultural State and it's realization

김형수 단국대학교 대학원 1997 學術論叢 Vol.21 No.-

Korea which was started as a newly emerging independent country since the Second World War created the miracle of economy in the process of a short industrialization. Consequently Korea has been established as a forerunner of newly NICS and the assertion that it should be included in advanced industrial countries has been often raised in international society. Such a economic growth reduced the absolute poverty class to less than 10% of the whole population and social development index also achieved a notable results. However, it is evaluated in spite of such a development that Korea has achieved unequal development have shown stagnation in comparison with the achievements of economic growth which were accomplished over half a century. It is because the strengthening of instrumental modernism led by growth-centered sense of value acts on the ideology which suppressed the growth of democratization and civil society. Accordingly, to overcome this unequalness, the work to recreate a new value system is required on the basis of humanism and the spirit of enlightenment. It means the logic of economic growth should be converted into that of cultural development form that of culture by the nation has restricted the early culture policies to the preservation of traditional arts and customs and the support of these areas. In addition, to secure the validity of the superior logic the culture has been used as the value of a means or to emphasize the legality of political power, official information administration has been recognized as the agent of cultural administration. It is also a real and urgent problem of cultural administration in Korea. With the recognition of these problems, this study is first to seek the extension of recognition and area of culture which the administration of Korea has overlooked in the logic that the economic growth is just national development and then it diagnoses the current condition of cultural administration in Korea by examining the changes of cultural administration system in Korea and aims at suggestion its desirable direction. The conclusions of this study are these; First, the ministry of culture and sports should be reorganized to the independent organization for cultural administration from long-term view. Second Office of Sports should be created under ministry of culture and sports and specialty and independence of cultural administration should be enhanced. Third, to secure the professional personnel of cultural administration, open examination for cultural service should be executed. Fourth, cultural budget should be secured in the level of 1% of national budget. Finally, the historical facts of cultural administration should be arranged through data analysis before the primary materials of cultural administration are disappeared and each achievement should be reevaluated.

구동독 지역의 금융개편을 위한 은행협동조합의 기여

전형수 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 1997 社會科學硏究 Vol.4 No.2

독일통일로 동독의 계획경제가 서독의 시장경제로 전환되자, 무엇보다도 시장경제적 금융기능의 활성화가 통일독일의 성패를 좌우하게 되었다. 계획경제에서 화폐는 교환 내지 통제수단에 지나지 않았고, 더욱이 국가의 은행독점이 확립됨으로써 민간금융업은 거의 전무했으며, 일반고객의 은행 거래도 금전출납에 불과했다. 40년의 계획경제가 지배했던 동독으로 시장경제의 전입은 이제 화폐의 모든 기능이 법 · 제도적으로 완전히 인정되고, 경제주체의 화폐경제적 인식력이 육성될 때 가능하다. 따라서 통일독일의 협동조합정책은 동독의 전역에 퍼져 있는 은행협동조합의 시장경제적 전환에 높은 비중을 두었다. 이 결과 조합원의 화폐경제적 인식력이 높아지고, 은행협동조합의 경쟁력이 촉진되면서 동독의 금융시장은 소수의 시중은행에 의한 독점 위험을 피할 수 있게 되었다. 이것은 곧 동독에서 건전한 시장경제적 금융제도의 정착과 육성을 위한 밑거름이 되었다. 이 성과는 협동조합의 원칙에 입각한 협동적 연대의 당연한 결과이다. 협동조합에 있어 연대는 협동조합의 문화이다. 이것은 병사의 무기와 같다. 무딘 무기를 가진 군대는 적을 이길수 없다. 동독지역에서 협동조합의 국민경제적 성과도 바로 이런 문화의 촉진에서 나왔다. 독일통일은 동독과 북한 그리고 서독과 남한의 여건이 각기 다르기 때문에 한국통일의 모델로 되기 어렵고, 통일독일의 과제도 통일한국의 경우와 다를 수 있다. 그렇다고 해서 독일통일이 과연 쓸모 없는 것일까? 남북분단이래 수없이 '통일을 위한 방안'이 쏟아졌고, 계속 나올 것이다. 그러나 정작 유감스러운 것은 아직도 '통일의 방안' 이 없다는 것이다. 남북의 통일이 White Box였다면, 쉽게 통일의 방안을 찾았을 것이다. 그러나 정말 유감스럽게도 남북통일은 Black Box와같다. 그래도 남북통일이 실험실의 실험이었다면, 여러 번 실험을 반복해서라도 Black Box의 내부를 알아내었을 것이고, 통일의 방안도 찾아졌을 것이다. 그렇지 않기 때문에 정말 필요하고, 중요한것은 미지의 세계를 찾는데 도움이 되는 지도와 같은 이론과 이것을 실천에 옮길 수 있는 전략을 모색하는 것이다. 여기에는 문제점을 알아내고, 해결방안올 찾아 실현시킬 수 있는 힘이 있어야 한다. 이것이 곧 통일을 위한 방안을 통일의 방안으로 만드는 능력이다. 우리는 이런 능력 배양을 위해 중요한 요소들을 통일독일에서 배울 수 있을 것이다.

구동독의 수공업생산협동조합에 관한 체제전환의 문제점

전형수 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 1998 社會科學硏究 Vol.5 No.2

독일통일은 정치적 결정이지만, 이것은 강요가 아니라 선택이다. 왜냐하면 통일독일의 모든 사회적 기회비용이 분단독일에 비해 적어도 높지 않다고 기대하여 통일을 결정했기 때문에 선택이라고 볼 수 있다. 그런데 이 기대가 충족되지 않는다면, 통일독일은 잘못된 선택이 되고, 나쁜 모델로 역사에 기록될 것이다. 본 논문은 이런 관점에서 통일의 사회적 비용은 무엇이며, 이 비용의 극복은 어떤 것인가를 동독의 수공업을 책임진 생산 협동조합(Produktionsgenossenschaft des Handwerks: PGH)의 시장경제적 전환에서 살펴보고자 한다. 이 PGH도 동독의 여러 경제조직들처럼 사회주의의 건설을 위한 수단이었다. 특히 무계획적 경제는 부족 자원의 낭비와 실업의 위험을 가져오기 때문에 물자공급은 계획적으로 관리되어야 한다는 사회주의적 계획경제의 논리에 따라 PGH도 국가의 지시를 받게 되면서 이념화되고, 사회주의를 위해 헌신하면서 정치화되고, 중앙집권적 통제로 독립성을 상실하여 종속화되고, 국영기업과 동등한 취급을 받게 되어 관료화되고, 회원촉진이 사회촉진으로 둔갑함으로써 사회화되고, 대국민 물자조달을 위한 대중조직으로 전락되어 공공화되었다. 이런 과정을 거치면서 PGH는 시장경제적 협동조합과는 전혀 다른 모습으로 변질되었다. 이런 PGH가 통일독일의 새로운 경제질서에서 협동조합의 전통적 정신을 되찾고, 건강한 중소경제의 조직으로 거듭나기 위해서는 무엇보다도 중요한 것은 협동조합적 기본가치의 회복과 이것의 지속적 촉진을 위한 전제조건의 창출이다. 통일의 기회비용은 바로 이 조건의 창출에 관한 것이며, 비용의 극소화 (혹은 성과의 극대화)도 이 조건의 창출에 의존한다.

鐵 陽極 溶出反應에 의한 燐成分 除去

강민수,김형석,박승조 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1995 硏究報告 Vol.18 No.1

This study was on the removal of phosphorus compounds in domestic and synthetic wastewater using iron-anode electrolytic reactor. The experiments were performed at different current, reaction time and flow rate. The results are as follows ; 1. For the synthetic wastewater with the flow rate of 1.5 ℓ/min and 0.75 ℓ /min, the removal efficiencies were 97% and 98%, respectively. The order conditions of this continuous experiments are current density 2.54 A/dm² and reaction time 20 minutes. 2. The optimal conditions of the batch experiment for synthetic wastewater were current density 0.95 A/dm² and reaction time 3.0 minutes with no addition of electrolyte. With electrolyte, the optimal conditions were current density 2.54 A/dm² and reaction time 1.0 minutes. For the both experiments, the removal efficiencies were far over 97%.

골결손부가 있는 발치직후 매식 임플란트에서 탈회동결건조골과 GTAM차단막이 골재생에 미치는 영향

김형수,양홍서 전남대학교 치과대학 1995 전남치대논문집 Vol.7 No.1

Dental implant may be immediately placed in postextraction socket which has alveolar bone defect. The purpose of this study was to compare the bone regeneration and bone quality around defects sdjacent to implants that were placed into extraction sockets according to DFDB, GTAM barrier and GTAM barrier with DFDB. Mandibular P2, P3 and P4 were extracted bilaterally in dogs, and buccal defects were created about 4mm in depth and 3.3mm in which. Screwed pure titanium implants. 3.8mm in diameter and 10mm in length, were placed into the extraction sockets. The experimental groups were divided into four groups : the G group was covered with a GTAM barrier on the defective area, the D+G group was filled with DFDB and covered with a GTAM barrier, the D group was filled with DFDB only and the control group was sutured without any special treatment on the defective area. The experimental animals were killed after 12 weeks and specimens were prepared for light microscopic evaluation and fluorescent dyes were administered daily for 2 weeks after implantation, and injected on the 4th and 11th week for fluorescent microscopic examination to observe new bone formation and bone remodeling. The new Bone height of the buccal defect was measured and compared with one another for bone gain and the removal torque for the implant was measured for the comparison of bone density and bone-implant osseointegration. Results obtained were as follows : 1. Experimental groups showed bone regeneration in order from D+G, G, D group and control. D+G and G group was significantly different from D group and control (P<0.01). 2. In the defective area of control the regenerated alveolar bone showed poorly developed lamellated structure and fibrous tissue intervention into the bone-implant interface but the others showed well developed lamellated structure and osseointegration. 3. All implant groups showed no significatn difference in the removal torque for implant (P>0.05). These results suggest that immediate implants placed in defective sockets were successfully osseointegrated and utilizing not only the combination of GTAM and DFDB but also only the GTAM was favorable for the predictable regeneration of the defective area.