Inhibition of oxidative stress induced‑cytotoxicity by coptisine in V79‑4 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts through the induction of Nrf‑2 mediated HO‑1 expression

Hyeon‑Gyun Jo,Cheol Park,이혜숙,Gi‑Young Kim,Young‑Sam Keum,Jin Won Hyun,Taeg Kyu Kwon,Yung Hyun Choi,Su Hyun Hong 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.1

Background Coptisine is a natural alkaloid compound and is known to have multiple benefcial efects including antioxidant activity. However, whether it can protect lung fbroblasts from oxidative damage has not been studied yet. Objectives To investigate the potential inhibitory efect of coptisine against oxidative stress in V79-4 lung fbroblast cells. Methods V79-4 cells were treated with H2O2 (1 mM) in the presence or absence of coptisine (50 µg/ml), N-acetyl cysteine (NAC, 10 mM) or zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP, 10 µM) for the indicated times. The alleviating efects of coptisine on cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, DNA damage, mitochondrial dynamics, and inhibition of ATP production against H2O2 were investigated. Western blot analysis was used to analyze the expression levels of specifc proteins. Results Coptisine inhibited H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage by blocking abnormal ROS generation. H2O2 treatment caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase accompanied by increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1 and decreased expression of cyclin B1 and cyclin A. However, these efects were attenuated in the presence of coptisine or NAC. Coptisine also prevented apoptosis by decreasing the rate of Bax/Bcl-2 expression in H2O2-stimulated cells and suppressing the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the cytosolic release of cytochrome c. In addition, the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was markedly promoted by coptisine in the presence of H2O2. However, zinc protoporphyrin IX, a potent inhibitor of HO-1, attenuated the ROS scavenging and anti-apoptotic efects of coptisine. Conclusions Based on current data, we suggest that coptisine can be used as a potential treatment for oxidative stress-related lung disease.

Changes in Anxiety Level and Personal Protective Equipment Use Among Healthcare Workers Exposed to COVID-19

Park Do Hyeon,Lee Eunyoung,Jung Jongtak,Kang Chang Kyung,Song Kyoung-Ho,Choe Pyoeng Gyun,Park Wan Beom,Bang Ji Hwan,Kim Eu Suk,Kim Hong Bin,Park Sang-Won,Kim Nam Joong,Oh Myoung-don 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.16

Background: The relationship between changes in anxiety levels and personal protective equipment (PPE) use is yet to be evaluated. The present study assessed this relationship among healthcare workers (HCWs) involved in the care of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: An online survey was conducted in a municipal hospital with 195 nationally designated negative pressure isolation units in Korea. Anxiety level was measured using the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and changes in anxiety levels were assessed based on the time when COVID-19 vaccine was introduced in March 2021 in Korea. Monthly PPE usage between June 2020 and May 2021 was investigated. Results: The mean SAS score (33.25 ± 5.97) was within normal range and was lower than those reported in previous studies conducted before COVID-19 vaccination became available. Among the 93 HCWs who participated, 64 (68.8%) answered that their fear of contracting COVID-19 decreased after vaccination. The number of coveralls used per patient decreased from 33.6 to 0. However, a demand for more PPE than necessary was observed in situations where HCWs were exposed to body fluids and secretions (n = 38, 40.9%). Excessive demand for PPE was not related to age, working experience, or SAS score. Conclusion: Anxiety in HCWs exposed to COVID-19 was lower than it was during the early period of the pandemic, and the period before vaccination was introduced. The number of coveralls used per patient also decreased although an excessive demand for PPE was observed.

How We Have Treated Severe to Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea

Park Do Hyeon,Kang Chang Kyung,Choe Pyoeng Gyun,Kim Nam Joong,Park Wan Beom,Oh Myoung-don 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.49

Since 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide, and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic currently continues. In response to this unprecedented pandemic, several researchers and medical staff have struggled to find appropriate treatments for COVID-19. Patients with mild symptoms can recuperate with symptomatic care, however establishing treatment for severe to critically ill patients who can have a high mortality has been essential. Accordingly, the guidelines for COVID-19 treatment have evolved through numerous trials and errors and have been relatively well established to date. In the Republic of Korea, several evidence-based guidelines for COVID-19 treatment were released and revised, reflecting various research and regional medical conditions. To date, approximately 3 years after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, we are reflecting on the changes in the guidelines thus far and have summarized the treatment experience of severe to critically ill patients with COVID-19. The Korean guidelines for COVID-19 treatment have been updated continuously as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) guidelines have changed. Dexamethasone is currently used as the backbone for the treatment of severe to critically ill patients with COVID-19, and remdesivir, baricitinib, and tocilizumab can be added depending on a patient’s situation. In addition, venous thromboembolism prophylaxis is one of the important adjunctive therapies for patients with severe COVID-19. In the clinical field, treatment of severely ill patients with COVID-19 based on guidelines is widely practiced by medical staff and established currently.

Clinical Impact of Empirical Antibiotic Therapy in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Requiring Oxygen Therapy

Park Do Hyeon,Lee Chan Mi,Chang Euijin,Kang Chang Kyung,Park Wan Beom,Kim Nam Joong,Choe Pyoeng Gyun,Oh Myoung-don 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.29

Despite the low prevalence of secondary bacterial infection in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, most of them were administered antibiotic therapy empirically. However, the prognostic impact of empirical antibiotic therapy has not been evaluated. We conducted retrospective propensity score-matched case-control study of 233 COVID-19 patients with moderate to severe illnesses who required oxygen therapy and evaluated whether empirical antibiotic therapy could improve clinical outcomes. Empirical antibiotic therapy did not improve clinical outcomes including length of stay, days with oxygen requirement, the proportion of patients with increased oxygen demand, the proportion of patients who required mechanical ventilation, and overall mortality. This finding implies that routine administration of antibiotics for the treatment of COVID-19 is not essential and should be restricted.

Effect of Wearing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for COVID-19 Treatment on Blood Culture Contamination: Implication for Optimal PPE Strategies

Park Jae Hyeon,Kim Taek Soo,Lee Chan Mi,Kang Chang Kyung,Park Wan Beom,Kim Nam Joong,Choe Pyoeng Gyun,Oh Myoung-don 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.23

The personal protective equipment (PPE) used to minimize exposure to hazards can hinder healthcare workers from performing sophisticated procedures. We retrospectively reviewed 77,535 blood cultures (202,012 pairs) performed in 28,502 patients from January 2020 to April 2022. The contamination rate of all blood cultures was significantly elevated in the coronavirus disease 2019 ward at 4.68%, compared to intensive care units at 2.56%, emergency rooms at 1.13%, hematology wards at 1.08%, and general wards at 1.07% (All of P < 0.001). This finding implies that wearing PPE might interfere with adherence to the aseptic technique. Therefore, a new PPE policy is needed that considers the balance between protecting healthcare workers and medical practices.

Flexible Transparent Conductive Films with High Performance and Reliability Using Hybrid Structures of Continuous Metal Nanofiber Networks for Flexible Optoelectronics

Park, Juyoung,Hyun, Byung Gwan,An, Byeong Wan,Im, Hyeon-Gyun,Park, Young-Geun,Jang, Junho,Park, Jang-Ung,Bae, Byeong-Soo American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.24

<P>We report an Ag nanofiber-embedded glass-fabric reinforced hybrimer (AgNF-GFRHybrimer) composite film as a reliable and high-performance flexible transparent conducting film. The continuous AgNF network provides superior optoelectronic properties of the composite film by minimizing transmission loss and junction resistance. In addition, the excellent thermal/chemical stability and mechanical durability of the GFRHybrimer matrix provides enhanced mechanical durability and reliability of the final AgNF-GFRHybrimer composite film. To demonstrate the availability of our AgNF-GFRHybrimer composite as a transparent conducting film, we fabricated a flexible organic light-emitting diode (OLED) device on the AgNF-GFRHybrimer film; the OLED showed stable operation during a flexing.</P>

A Robust Transparent Encapsulation Material

Hyeon-Gyun Im,Go Un Park,Hoy Yul Park,Dong Jun Kang 한국에너지학회 2017 한국에너지공학회 학술발표회 Vol.2017 No.4

Effect of rice hull biochar treatment on net ecosystem carbon budget and greenhouse gas emissions in Chinese cabbage cultivation on infertile soil

Park Do-Gyun,Jeong Hyeon-Cheol,Jang Eun-Bin,Lee Jong-Mun,Lee Hyoung-Seok,Park Hye-Ran,Lee Sun-Il,Park Do-Gyun,Jang Eun-Bin,Oh Taek-Keun 한국응용생명화학회 2024 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.67 No.-

Biochar, with its potential to enhance soil fertility, sequester carbon, boost crop yields and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, offers a solution. Addressing the challenges posed by climate change is crucial for food security and agriculture. However, its widespread adoption in agriculture remains in its infancy. This study assessed the effects of rice hull biochar on cabbage production and greenhouse gas emissions, especially nitrous oxide (N 2 O). A trial, employing a randomized block design in triplicate was conducted from September 13 to November 23, 2022, where "Cheongomabi" cabbage was cultivated with N-P 2 O 5 -K 2 O fertilization at 32 $$-$$ - 7.8 $$-$$ - 19.8 kg 10a −1 . Additional fertilizer was applied twice post-sowing. The Biochar application rates were control = 0 ton ha −1 , B1 = 1 ton ha −1 , B3 = 3 ton ha −1 , and B5 = 5 ton ha −1 . The aboveground biomass of autumn cabbage harvested 82 days after sowing was 2.40–2.70 kg plant −1 in the control and biochar treatments (B1, B3, and B5), with no significant differences ( p  > 0.05). Cumulative CO 2 emissions during cultivation varied across treatment groups, with initial and cumulative emissions of 10.40–17.94 g m −2  day −1 and 3.63–4.43 ton ha −1 , respectively. N 2 O emissions decreased with higher biochar application: reductions of 2.9%, 25.4%, and 41.1% in the B1, B3, and B5 treatments, respectively, compared to the control. The biochar application had no significant impact on yield but curbed soil emissions, Net ecosystem carbon balance during cabbage cultivation ranged from 0.42 to 3.41 ton ha −1 for the B1, B3, and B5 treatments, respectively, compared to control. Overall, the study underscores biochar’s role in mitigating emissions and boosting soil carbon during cabbage cultivation in fall. Biochar, with its potential to enhance soil fertility, sequester carbon, boost crop yields and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, offers a solution. Addressing the challenges posed by climate change is crucial for food security and agriculture. However, its widespread adoption in agriculture remains in its infancy. This study assessed the effects of rice hull biochar on cabbage production and greenhouse gas emissions, especially nitrous oxide ( N2O). A trial, employing a randomized block design in triplicate was conducted from September 13 to November 23, 2022, where "Cheongomabi" cabbage was cultivated with N-P2O5-K2O fertilization at 32−7.8−19.8 kg 10a− 1. Additional fertilizer was applied twice post-sowing. The Biochar application rates were control = 0 ton ha− 1, B1 = 1 ton ha− 1, B3 = 3 ton ha− 1, and B5 = 5 ton ha− 1. The aboveground biomass of autumn cabbage harvested 82 days after sowing was 2.40– 2.70 kg plant− 1 in the control and biochar treatments (B1, B3, and B5), with no significant differences (p > 0.05). Cumulative CO2 emissions during cultivation varied across treatment groups, with initial and cumulative emissions of 10.40–17.94 g m− 2 day− 1 and 3.63–4.43 ton ha− 1, respectively. N2O emissions decreased with higher biochar application: reductions of 2.9%, 25.4%, and 41.1% in the B1, B3, and B5 treatments, respectively, compared to the control. The biochar application had no significant impact on yield but curbed soil emissions, Net ecosystem carbon balance during cabbage cultivation ranged from 0.42 to 3.41 ton ha− 1 for the B1, B3, and B5 treatments, respectively, compared to control. Overall, the study underscores biochar’s role in mitigating emissions and boosting soil carbon during cabbage cultivation in fall.

A robust transparent protective hard-coating material using physicochemically-incorporated silica nanoparticles and organosiloxanes

Im, Hyeon-Gyun,Park, Go Un,Park, Hoy Yul,Jin, Jungho,Kang, Dong Jun Elsevier 2017 Progress in organic coatings Vol.105 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Here, we report on the synthesis of a silica nanoparticle (NP)-reinforced oligosiloxane nanohybrid material (SM-nanocomposite) and demonstrate its properties as a robust transparent hard coating material for various applications. The oligosiloxane (MMO) resin as a matrix was synthesized using methyl and methacryl silanes <I>via</I> a hydrolytic sol-gel condensation. The silica NPs with various sizes (12, 20 and 60nm) as nanofillers were also synthesized through a hydrolytic sol-gel condensation, and the surface of NPs was organically modified with methyl and methacryl functions, which allowed stable dispersion and chemical cross-linking of the NPs with MMO matrix. In this work, we introduce synthetic steps of the nanocomposite and discuss the optical, morphological, thermal and mechanical properties of the composite.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Synthesis of a silica nanoparticle (SNP)-embedded oligosiloxane nanohybrid material. </LI> <LI> Demonstration of high performance transparent protective hard-coating materials. </LI> <LI> Chemical modification of SNP redered homogeneous dispersion. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

금강산유람록에 기록된 출현 식물과 조선시대 선비들의 유람행태

박민춘(Park Min Chun),박재현(Park Jae Hyeon),박성균(Park Seong Gyun) 한국산림휴양복지학회 2021 한국산림휴양학회지 Vol.25 No.4

본 연구는 금강산유람록에 나타난 조선시대 선비들의 유람경로, 휴양행태와 유람지역의 식물학적 출현수종 등을 조사하여 조선시대 선비들이 바라본 금강산의 식생 및 산림문화를 파악하고자 수행되었으며, 금강산의 지형과 식물관찰이 기록된 금강산유람록은 45편이었다. 분석을 위해 금강산의 지형과 식물관찰이 기록된 금강산 유람록 45편이 선정되었다. 유람의 계절적 분포는 봄과 가을에 집중되었으며, 유람경로 중 내금강의 관광지로는 정양사, 표훈사, 장안사, 삼불암, 백천동, 마하연, 만폭동, 보덕굴, 금강문, 명경대, 영원암, 백탑동, 사자암, 묘길상 등이었다. 외금강의 주요 관광지로는 유점사, 송림사, 발연사, 비봉폭포, 신계사, 구룡연, 만물상 등 이었다. 또 유람행태는 시를 읊거나 악기연주 등이 주를 이루었으며, 금강산유람록에 출현한 초본류는 12과 17속 18종류, 목본류는 26과 33속 39종으로 나타났다. This study examined the travel routes of classical scholars of the Joseon Dynasty, types of recreation, and species of plants appearing in the Geumgangsan Mountain and examined the geographical features of Geumgangsan Mountain and the forest culture of the Joseon Dynasty. The seasonal distribution of travel was concentrated in spring and fall, and the tourist attractions of the Naegeumgang River were Jeongyangsa, Pyohunsa, Jangansa, Sambulam, Baekcheon-dong, Mahayeon, Manpok-dong, Bodeokgul, Geumgangmun, Myeonggyeongdae, Yeongwonam, Baektap-dong, Saja, and Myo-gil. Major tourist attractions of the Oegeumgang include Yujeomsa, Songlimsa, Balyeonsa, Bibong Falls, Singyesa, Guryongyeon, and Manmulsang. The recreational form was mainly reciting poems and playing instruments, with 12 Family 17 Genus 18 Species herbal plants and 26 Family 33 Genus 39 Species woody plants appearing in the Mt. Kumgang travel record.