Lidocaine, Thrombin, Epinephrine 의 항균효과

김진우,이동건,전혜선,김승준,김석찬,안중현,김치홍,권순석,김영균,김관형,문화식,신완식,송정섭,박성학 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.6

목적 : 기관지내시경 검사에서 흔히 사용되는 국소마취제인 lidocaine과 내시경시 지혈목적으로 사용되는 thrombin과 epinephrine이 각종 균주에 미치는 항균효과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 균주는 가톨릭대학교 성모병원에서 2004년 3월부터 2004년 9월까지 임상검체 에서 동정된 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 각각 42, 42, 42, 43주를 대상으로 하였다. Lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 감수성 검사는 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, 2002)의 기준에 따랐다. 결과 : Lidocaine은 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa에서 MIC_(50), MIC_(90) 모두 20,000 ㎍/mL 이었다. K. pneumoniae는 각각 10,000 ㎍/mL이었다. Thrombin은 S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에서 MIC50 500 lU/mL 과 MIC_(90) 500 IU/mL 이상이었고, K. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)이 모두 500 lU/mL이상이었으나 S. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)은 125 IU/mL이었다. Epinephrine은 K. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 >500 ㎍/mL이었고, S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 500 ㎍/mL이었다. 결론 : 기관지 내시경 검사에서 흔히 쓰이는 lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 등의 약제들이 호흡기 질환의 흔한 병원균인 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 균주들에 대해 항균 효과가 있을 수 있어 세균배양검사에 영향을 미칠 수 있겠다. Background : We performed this stody to find out about antimicrobial effect of lidocaine which is commonly used local anesthetic, and thrombin and epinephrine used for hemostasis during bronchoscopic procedures. Materials and Methods : The microorganisms that were cultured from specimens obtained during bronchoscopy were Staphylococcus aureus (n=42), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=42), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=42), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=43) collected from St. Mary's Hospital, from March to Sep 2004 were used for susceptibity testing. Susceptibility to lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine were tested according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Result : MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of lidocaine for S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa were all 20,000 ㎍/mL and that for K. pneumoniae were 10,000 ㎍/mL. MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of thrombin for both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was 500 IU/mL and above 500 IU/mL, respectively; that for K. pneumoniae were all above 500 IU/mL and for S. pneumoniae they were 125 IU/mL, MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of epinephrine for K. pneumoniae and S. pneumoniae were above 500 ㎍/mL; that for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were 500 ㎍/mL. Conclusion : We observed possible antimicrobial effect of lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine in vitro against pathogens such as S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, which are common respiratory microorganisms. The use of these agants could affect the result of bacterial culture.

Effects of Phenytoin and Diazepam on the Seizure Activity in the Cortical Dysplasia Animal Models

Kim, Si-Hyung,Choi, In-Sun,Cho, Jin-Hwa,Park, Eun-Ju,Jang, Il-Sung,Choi, Byung-Ju,Kim, Hyun-Jung,Kim, Young-Jin,Nam, Soon-Hyeun The Korean Academy of Oral Biology 2006 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.31 No.2

Dysplasia-associated seizure disorders are markedly resistant to pharmacological intervention. Relatively little research has been conducted studying the effects of antiepileptic drugs(AEDs) on seizure activity in a rat model of dysplasia. We have used rats exposed to methylazoxymethanol acetate(MAM) in utero, an animal model featuring nodular heterotopia, to investigate the effects of AEDs in the dysplastic brain. Pilocarpine was used to induce acute seizure in MAM-exposed and age-matched vehicle-injucted control animals. Field potential recordings were used to monitor amplitude and numbers population spikes, and paired pulse inhibition in response to stimulation of commissural pathway. Two commonly used AEDs were tested: diazepam 5, 2.5mg/kg;phenytoin 40, 60mg/kg. Diazepam(DZP) and phenytoin(PHT) reduced the amplitude of population spike in control and MAM-exposed rats. However, the amplitude of population spike was nearly eliminated in control rats as compared to the MAM-exposed rats. Pharmaco-resistance was tested by measuring seizure latencies in awake rats after pilocarpine administration(320mg/kg, i.p.) with and without pretreatment with AEDs. Pre-treatment with PHT 60 mg prolonged seizure latency in control rats, but not in MAM-exposed animals. The main findings of this study are that acute seizures initiated in MAM-exposed rats are relatively resistant to standard AEDs assessed in vivo. These data suggest that animal model with cortical dysplasia can be used to screen the effects of potential AEDs.

Epidermal Growth Factor(EGF)가 개의 손상된 슬관절 전방십자인대의 치유에 미치는 영향

김용식,정도현,정진화,우영균,임영욱,이화성,권순용 대한정형외과연구학회 2003 대한정형외과연구학회지 Vol.6 No.2

대동맥 협착증과 동반된 출혈성 위장관 동정맥 기형에서 Estrogen-Progesterone 치료 1예

김도연,김화정,김효정,남준식,박수영,박영미,신정은,주미순,황민규,정혜경,손혜영,이선영,이한주 大韓消化器內視鏡學會 1999 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.19 No.부록2

빈랑자 추출물의 염색성 및 기능성에 관한 연구

김지선,조용석,최순화 대한가정학회 2003 Family and Environment Research Vol.41 No.7

Recently there has been interested in the use of natural dyes in textile applications. Generally natural dyes can exhibit better biodegradability and have a higher compatibility with the environment. In this study, cotton wool and silk fabrics were dyed with alkali extract of Arecae semen using various mordants, and their dyeabilities were discussed. Additionally the fastness to washing, perspiration, light, rubbing, and drycleaning and UV-B protection rate were also investigated. Cotton, silk and wool fabrics dyed with alkali extract of Arecae semen were colored in reddish yellow tint. The optimum dyeing condition of the colorants extracted from the Arecae semen was three repeated dyeing at 95℃ for 1.5hrs. The dyed fabrics by using mordanting methods improved the fastness to washing, perspiration and drycleaning, but the fastness to light and rubbing were not increased. The UV-B protection rate of the wool fabrics were increased by dyeing with extract of Arecae semen.

울금(鬱金)색소에 의한 염색견뢰도에 관한 연구

김정숙,최순화 대구산업정보대학 1994 논문집 Vol.8 No.-

A study on the colorfastness of turmeric cotton and silk fabrics were dyed by dyestuff extracted from turmeric and treated with four kinds of mordant. Then colors of the treated fabrics were specified by the method of XYZ color system and the colorfastness was tested for laundry, light. The result of experiment were analyzed by color difference according to L^(*)a^(*)b^(*) value formula. From the present study, following results were obtaianed. 1. Dyeing properties of tumeric silk beacme greater than on cotton. 2. Cu mordant did to laundy best of all. 3. Colorfastness to light was not good, cu mordant did to light best of all.

水分活性을 달리한 白米變溫貯藏中 蔗糖의 變化

金武男,鄭連和,全順實 新羅大學校 1987 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

Free sugars are known to be effective to the quality changes of foods including brown pigment formation through amino-carbonyl reaction and also known to play an important role in the genetic or biological mechanism of formation and breakdown of carbohydrates. Furthermore, the change of free sugars are directly related to the cooking quality of foods containing large amount of carbohydrates. The present study was designed to utilize a kinetic approach to analyze the effect of temperature and water activity on the sucrose decrease in rice. The rice was controlled at a?? of 0.44, 0.52, 0.65, 0.75 using saturated salt solutions and then stored at 30, 40 and 50℃. Another portion of the sample of which the water activities were controlled was stored 30 and 50℃ alternately with 7days interval. Simplified kinetic models were used to obtain the various kinetic parameters for sucrose decrease in rice subjected to accelerated shelf-life tests(ASLT). The reaction of sucrose decrease was first order. The activation energies calculated from Arrhenius plot ranged 5.61-12.86 Kcal/moles and Q?? values were between 1.33 and 1.94. These kinetic parameters were then used to predict starch quality loss under the non-steady storage. Assessed from the above parameters the shelf-lives at 25℃, time to reach 50% loss in sucrose ranged 63 days to 300 days and showed decrease higher than in a??. The predicted shelf-lives at water activities tested were a little with increase actual values.

骨盤腔內 巨大 橫紋筋肉腫 1 例

金瑩洙,河泰原,朴滿洙,姜瞬求,李重禾,尹栗老,薛鍾求 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1992 충남의대잡지 Vol.19 No.2

Rhabdomyosarcoma, which is a very rare and highly malignant disease in urologic field, has three categories-pleomorphic, alveolar, embryonal, and may arise from any part of the body that contains embryonal mesenchyme, whether striated muscle tissue is present or not. The common site in the genitourinary tract are prostate, bladder, and vagina. Herein we experienced a rhabdomyosarcoma of the pelvic cavity and reviewed literature briefly.

ATM 망에서의 VDT 제공 방안

김영선,김화종,정명순 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 1997 정보통신논문지 Vol.1 No.-

VDT was proposed in order to provide residential multimedia services such as digital video, voice, data and so on, We studied a VDT network architecture and MPEG-2 transmission scheme over an ATM network. For this purpose, we studied the network architecture and communication protocols for MPEG-2 over AAL 5. In a hierarchical video coding, a picture can be seperated into the basic and the higher layers. The basic layer coding is the minimal information needed to reconstruct the video, and the higher layer coding is used to make better quality. By simulation, we obtained the cell loss probability caused by the overflow of video traffic, when subscribers received MPEG-2 video through an ATM network.

아동의 내적 동기 및 자기효능감과 창의성의 관계 : 성별과 연령을 중심으로

김은아,정옥분,정순화 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2007 교육과학연구 Vol.38 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships betweenintrinsic motivation, self-efficacy, and creativity of children. The subjects of thisstudy consisted of 304 fourth, fifth, and sixth grade public elementary schoolstudents in Seoul, Korea. The data were analyzed by using frequencies,percentiles, means, standard deviations, Cronbach’s a, two-way ANOVAs,Pearson’s correlations, and a multiple regression analysis. The major findings of this study were as follows: (1) There were significantdifferences in intrinsic motivation, self-efficacy, and creativity in terms ofgender and grade. Girls had higher scores in intrinsic motivation, self-efficacy,and creativity. Also, intrinsic motivation, self-efficacy, and creativity scoresincreased with grade. (2) Intrinsic motivation and creativity, self-efficacy andcreativity are significantly correlated each other. (3) Gender, intrinsic motivation(task difficulty preference), and grade were the variables that significantlypredict creativity. These variables explained 12.3% of children’s creativity. 본 연구의 목적은 아동의 내적 동기 및 자기효능감과 창의성의 관계를 살펴보는 데 있다. 연구대상은 초등학교 4~6학년 아동 304명이며, 자료에 대한 분석은 빈도와 백분율, 이원분산분석, 상관분석, 다중회귀분석방법을 사용하였다. 연구결과 내적 동기, 자기효능감 그리고 창의성은 성별과 학년에 따라 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 내적 동기, 자기효능감, 창의성 총점에서 남아보다는 여아의 점수가 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 내적 동기, 자기효능감 그리고 창의성은 학년에 따라 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 아동의 내적 동기, 자기효능감,창의성 간에는 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히, 아동의 내적 동기와 창의성은 유의한 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 아동의 창의성을 예측하는 변인은 ‘성별’과 내적 동기의 하위 영역 중 하나인 ‘도전적 과제선호’ 그리고 ‘학년’으로, 이 세 변인들의 설명력은 12.3%로 나타났다.