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        3-Methylthiopropionic Acid of Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 and Its Role in the Pathogenicity of the Fungus

        Frederick Kankam,Hai-Tao Long,Jing-He,Chun-hong Zhang,Hui-Xiu Zhang,Lumei Pu,Huizhen Qiu 한국식물병리학회 2016 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.32 No.2

        Studies were conducted to determine the role of 3-methylthioproprionicacid (MTPA) in the pathogenicityof potato stem canker, Rhizoctonia solani, and theconcentrations required to inhibit growth of R. solaniunder laboratory and plant house-based conditions. The experiments were laid out in a completely randomizeddesign with five treatments and five replications. The treatments were 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 mM concentrationsof MTPA. The purified toxin exhibited maximalactivity at pH 2.5 and 30oC. MTPA at 1, 2, 4, and 8 mMlevels reduced plant height, chlorophyll content, haulmfresh weight, number of stolons, canopy development,and tuber weight of potato plants, as compared to thecontrol. MTPA significantly affected mycelial growthwith 8 mM causing the highest infection. The potatoseedlings treated with MTPA concentrations of 1.0–8.0mM induced necrosis of up to 80% of root system area. Cankers were resulted from the injection of potatoseedling stems with 8.0 mM MTPA. The results showedthe disappearance of cell membrane, rough mitochondrialand cell walls, change of the shape of chloroplasts,and swollen endoplasmic reticulum. Seventy-six (76)hours after toxin treatment, cell contents were completelybroken, cytoplasm dissolved, and more chromatinwere seen in the nucleus. The results suggestedthat high levels of the toxin concentration caused cellmembrane and cytoplasm fracture. The integrity of cellularstructure was destroyed by the phytotoxin. Theconcentrations of the phytotoxin were significantly correlatedwith pathogenicity and caused damage to thecell membrane of potato stem base tissue.

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