慶南 島嶼地域 井戶에 對한 環境衛生學的 調査硏究

鄭文植,李弘根,李容旭 서울大學校 保健大學院 1972 公衆保健雜誌 Vol.9 No.1

A study was carried out to find the sanitary condition of wells in Koje Island, Kyoungnam Province, from July 16, to July 30, 1971. Salinity was measured to check the seepage of sea water by the silver nitrate titration method and coliform groups were examined by the membrane filter method as well as the general sanitary state of wells and their surroundings. Main findings were as follows; 1. the average chloride ion concentration of 41 wells examined was 54.0ppm with the standard deviation of 31.8 which was below the maximum permissible concentration of 150.0ppm in drinking water. 2. the mean chloride ion at lower district wells was the highest of 69.9 ppm which looked to be influenced by the sea water. 3. no relation was found between the concentration of chloride ion and the pollution of wells which seemed to be more affected by the sanitary state of wells and their surroundings. 4. coliform groups were positive at 25 wells(61.0%) out of 41 and at 17 out of 21 of less than 2 m depth and no coliforms were found at the wells of more than 3 m one. Water-proof structure of 3 m depth was necessary to protect wells from pollution. 5. coliforms were found at all 15 wells within the 6 m distance from the pollution sources, but 3 out of 13 of more than 10 m one. 6. the rates of coliform positives were 92.8 percent at higher districts, 37.8 at lower ones and 27.2 at coastal ones.

골반경에 의한 자궁경부암 근치술 및 양측 골반 임파절 절제술 1례

김홍배,김중환,문종수,이재창,허민 대한산부인과내시경학회 1992 대한산부인과내시경학회잡지 Vol.4 No.2

금속도금공장 폐수중의 구리 및 시안화물의 효과적인 처리방법

諸元穆,洪鍾斗,金冕燮 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1988 環境科學論文集 Vol.9 No.-

구리 및 시안화물이 혼합된 도금폐수를 적절하게 처리하는 방법을 알기 위하여 pH,농도 및 접촉시간에 따르는 용액중 구리 및 시안화물의 제거율을 실험하였다. 그 결과 시안화물은 5% NaOC1용액으로 처리하면 잔류시안 농도가 0.03 ㎎/ℓ이하로 환경배출기준에 적합하였다. pH에 따르는 영향은 pH8 이상에서 99%제거율을 나타냈다. 구리혼합용액은 중화침전법으로 실험한 결과 pH8에서 99%가 짧은 시간에 제거되었다. 시안화물과 구리혼합용액의 pH에 따르는 제거율은 pH8 및 11에서 높은 제거율(95%이상)을 보였으며 pH10에서 제거율이 떨어지는 결과를 얻었다. To investigate the effective removal method of copper and cyanide compounds in metal plating waste water, removal ratio of copper and cyanide compounds in solution are measured with varying pH, concentration and contact time. As results of the present expriment, cyanide compounds in the solution are removed to 0.03 ㎎/ℓ or less with 5% NaOC1 solution. The present result is satisfied to environmental disposal standards. The removal ratio against pH values show 99% over pH8. As results of neutral precipitation method, copper including solution are removed to 99% at pH8 in short time. The removal ratios of cyanide mixed copper solution against pH values show high efficiency(over 95%) at pH8 and 11 and removal ratios are decreased at pH10.

Cadmium induces apoptosis in primary rat osteoblasts through caspase and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways

Hong-Yan Zhao,Wei Liu,Yi Wang,Nannan Dai,Jian-Hong Gu,Yan Yuan,Xue-Zhong Liu,Jian-Chun Bian,Zong-Ping Liu 대한수의학회 2015 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.16 No.3

Exposure to cadmium (Cd) induces apoptosis in osteoblasts (OBs); however, little information is available regarding the specific mechanismsof Cd-induced primary rat OB apoptosis. In this study, Cd reduced cell viability, damaged cell membranes and induced apoptosis in OBs. We observed decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potentials, ultrastructure collapse, enhanced caspase-3 activity, and increasedconcentrations of cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3 following Cd treatment. Cd also increased the phosphorylationof p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2 and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in OBs. Pretreatment with the caspase inhibitor, N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone, ERK1/2 inhibitor (U0126), p38 inhibitor(SB203580) and JNK inhibitor (SP600125) abrogated Cd-induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, Cd-treated OBs exhibited signs of oxidativestress protection, including increased antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase levels and decreased formationof reactive oxygen species. Taken together, the results of our study clarified that Cd has direct cytotoxic effects on OBs, which are mediatedby caspase- and MAPK pathways in Cd-induced apoptosis of OBs.

Construction of Glycerol Synthesis Pathway in Klebsiella pneumoniae for Bioconversion of Glucose into 1,3-Propanediol

Hong Zong,Xiaohong Liu,Wenqiang Chen,Bin Zhuge,Jin Sun 한국생물공학회 2017 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.22 No.5

1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO) is an important three-carbon compound widely used in new polyester polymer materials. Natural organisms that can produce 1,3- PDO from glycerol were well studied. However, no natural microorganisms found could directly convert glucose to 1,3-PDO due to its insufficient glycerol synthesis pathway. In this study, two essential glycerol synthesis genes, CgGPD gene (encoding glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Candida glycerinogenes) and ScGPP2 gene (encoding glycerol-3-phosphatase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae), were expressed in wild-type Klebsiella pneumoniae, a natural 1,3-PDO producers with reduction pathway for 1,3- PDO synthesis from glycerol. The results of fermentation, key enzyme activities, and metabolites analysis confirmed that recombinant K. pneumoniae now possessed a metabolic pathway capable of converting glucose to 1,3-PDO. The strain could produce 1,3-PDO from glucose with a final titer of 17.27 g/L with 40 g/L glucose in the medium, showing a 1.26-fold increase compared with 30 g/L glucose. Also, adding certain concentrations of glycerol could quickly initiate the 1,3-PDO synthetic pathway and promote the accumulation of 1,3-PDO, which could shorten the fermentation cycle. These results have important implications for further studies involving the use of one strain for bioconversion of glucose to 1,3-PDO.

Possible role of Pax-6 in promoting breast cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis

( Xiang Yun Zong ),( Hong Jian Yang ),( Yang Yu ),( De Hong Zou ),( Zhi Qiang Ling ),( Xiang Ming He ),( Xu Li Meng ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2011 BMB Reports Vol.44 No.9

Pax 6, a member of the paired box (Pax) family, has been implicated in oncogenesis. However, its therapeutic potential has been never examined in breast cancer. To explore the role of Pax6 in breast cancer development, a lentivirus based short hairpin RNA (shRNA) delivery system was used to knockdown Pax6 expression in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (MCF-7) and ER-negative (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cells. Effect of Pax6 silencing on breast cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis was analyzed. Pax6-RNAi-lentivirus infection remarkably downregulated the expression levels of Pax6 mRNA and protein in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Accordingly, the cell viability, DNA synthesis, and colony formation were strongly suppressed, and the tumorigenesis in xenograft nude mice was significantly inhibited. Moreover, tumor cells were arrested at G0/G1 phase after Pax6 was knocked down. Pax6 facilitates important regulatory roles in breast cancer cell proliferation and tumor progression, and could serve as a diagnostic marker for clinical investigation. [BMB reports 2011; 44(9): 595-600]

Discovering expansion entities for keyword-based entity search in linked data

Zong, Nansu,Lee, Sungin,Kim, Hong-Gee SAGE Publications 2015 JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE Vol.41 No.2

<P>There is an inherent rift between the characteristics of Web of documents and the Web of data – the latter is enriched with semantic properties that are not present in the former. This creates a formidable challenge for entity search in the era of Linked Data, requiring a new method that leverages on such features. Query expansion, used in keyword-based search, improves search quality by enhancing a query with terms. Existing query-expansion methods, statistical- and lexical-based approaches, are inadequate for linked data in two ways: (a) term-to-term co-occurrence, used in the statistical-based approach, cannot find satisfactory expansions in internal corpus (SPO triples) or external corpus (Web of documents); and (b) lexical incomparability between ontologies (or thesauri) as reference knowledge and linked data renders tenuous the possibility of creating lexically sound expanded queries. The study introduces a framework to expand keyword queries with expansion entities for keyword-based entity search in linked data. The framework offers two structures, star-shaped and multi-shaped RDF graphs (documents), to model the entities in linked data for indexing and search, and an algorithm called PFC for expansion entities by which to expand a given query. PFC obtains expansion entities by measuring a global importance (PageRank and entity–document Frequency) and a local importance (Centrality) of the candidates extracted from the returned RDF documents of the entity search. Our experiments illustrate that PFC improves search results by approximately 7%. This study also includes suggestions on how to glean important link types for extracting candidate expansion entities, as well as identifying properties of these entities by which to expand the query.</P>

진공용 나노스테이지 개발

홍원표,강은구,이석우,최헌종 한국공작기계학회 2004 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

Miniaturization is the central theme in modem fabrication technology. Many of the components used in modern products are becoming smaller and smaller. The direct write FIB technology has several advantages over contemporary micromachining technology, including better feature resolution with low lateral scattering and capability of maskless fabrication. Therefore, the application of focused ion beam(FIB) technology in micro fabricaton has beome increasingly popular. In recent model of FIB, however the feeding system has been a very coarse resolution of about a few μm. It is not unsuitable to the sputtering and the deposition to make the high-precision structure in micro or macro scale. Our research is the development of nano stage of 200mm strokes and 10nm resolutions. Also, this stage should be effectively operating in ultra high vacuum of about 1×10^(-5)pa. This paper presents the concept of nano stages and the discussion of the material treatment for ultra high vacuum.

春城郡地域 保健事業地域의 環境衛生狀態 調査

鄭文植,李弘根,李容旭 서울大學校 保健大學院 1976 公衆保健雜誌 Vol.13 No.3

Main objectives of this survey were to find out general sanitary status and to get its basic data in Chunseonggun Community Health Service Area of the School. Interviewers of five students of this School and seven students of Chunseong Nursing School visited 1,775 households in 20 ris (villages), filled the survey form and checked sanitary conditions of the areas from September. 1 to Nevember 30, 1974. Results are summarized as follows; 1. Out of 1775 households, 66.8% wash clothes at streams, and 46.3% use only soap and 46.8% soap and synthetic detergent. 2. Dish-washing towels are frequently disinfected by boiling at 65.5% households while not disinfected at 33.0%. 3. Storing places of food and utensil are cupboards at respectively 72.7% and 87.4%. 4. Among interviewers, 96.5% clean teeth with tooth brush while 1.6% do not clean, and 94.2% use toothpaste. 5. Draining state of pumps is better than that of wells and also the quality of water sources are better in pumps than in wells. Wells and pumps of 54.1% were constructed more than five years ago. 6. Houceholds of 76.2% say "can get always enough water", of 5.4% "sometimes not enough" while 1.8% "always not enough" 7. About 66.7% use pump water, 10.5% well water and 8.3% simple piped drinking water system and average water concumption is 22.7ℓ per day per capita private water system is 66.0% while public system 27.1%. 8. Water is used for drinking, washing body and cleaning at 53.8% while only for drinking at 7.4%. 9. Nearest pollution sources of drinking water are mainly toilets and stables, and average distances between them are less than ten meters. 10. Toilets of 78.3% are used only by one households and those of 12.9% by two. 11. Toilet of 10.9% are inside main building while those of 85.4% outside main building. 12. Toilet tanks are covered only at 6.3% households while not covered at 95.4%. The contents of tanks are removed about twice a month (40.2%), and 84.1% use them as fertilizer on their own farm and contents of 10.1% are removed by other people. 13. Excreta are utilized on the vegetable farm by 38.2% households, on the vegetable and barley farms by 19.7% and on the paddy fields by 8.2%. 14. Ascaris eggs are found in 64% of soils (10g a sample) around toilets and 30∼50% of vegetable (a plant). Acknowledgments: This survey was supported by the China Medical Board of New York, Inc.

Field Emission Properties of -C:N Films Deposited on Diamond Substrates

Zong-Yi Qin,Pei-Nan Wang,Hong hen,Xuan-Tong Ying 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.46 No.2

Amorphous carbon-nitride films were grown on the nitridated diamond substrates by pulsed discharge of nitrogen gas by using graphite rods as the electrodes. The deposition parameters were optimized by monitoring the discharge plasma by optical-emission spectroscopy. It is demonstrated that the films were mainly a mixture of sp2 C-N, sp3 C-N and graphite nanocrystallites. Preliminary results show that deposited films have a cold-cathode-emission property. The threshold field for field emission is about 4.0 V/μm. The linear Fowler-Nordheim characteristic reveals that the fieldemission process is based on the tunneling mechanism.