Match-3 Game 스테이지 구성을 위한 PPO 기반 강화학습 에이전트 설계

홍자민 ( Jamin Hong ),정재화 ( Jaehwa Chung ) 한국정보처리학회 2022 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.29 No.1

Match-3 Game 은 스테이지 구성 및 난이도 설정이 중요한 게임이나 다양한 밸런스 요소로 인해 스테이지 구성에 중요한 요소인 난이도 설정에 많은 시간이 소요된다. 특히 게임을 플레이하는 유저가 재미를 느끼는 수준으로 난이도를 설정하는 것이 중요하며, 이를 자동화하기 위해 실제 유저의 플레이 데이터를 활용하여 사람과 유사한 수준의 자동 플레이 에이전트 개발이 진행되었다. 하지만 플레이 데이터의 확보는 쉽지 않기에 연구 방향은 플레이 데이터가 없는 강화학습으로 확장되고 있다. 스테이지 구성에 중요한 요소인 난이도를 설정하기 위함이라면 각 스테이지 간의 상대적인 난이도 차이를 파악하는 것으로 가능하다. 이를 위해 게임의 규칙을 학습한 강화학습 에이전트로 밸런스 요소의 변화에 따른 다양한 난이도의 스테이지를 50 회씩 플레이하여, 평균 획득 점수를 기준으로 스테이지 구성에 필요한 각 스테이지들의 난이도를 파악할 수 있었다.

Novel Three-Dimensional Knitted Fabric for Pressure Ulcer Prevention: Preliminary Clinical Application and Testing in a Diabetic Mouse Model of Pressure Ulcers

Kim Sungae,Hong Jamin,Lee Yongseong,Son Daegu 대한성형외과학회 2022 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.49 No.2

Background Population aging has led to an increased incidence of pressure ulcers, resulting in a social burden and economic costs. We developed a three-dimensional knitted fabric (3-DKF) with a pressure-reducing function that can be applied topically in the early stages of pressure ulcers to prevent progression.Methods We evaluated the effects of the 3-DKF in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus pressure ulcer mouse model, and the fabric was preliminarily applied to patients. Twelve-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were used for the animal experiments. In the pressure ulcer mouse model, an ischemia-reperfusion injury was created using a magnet on the dorsa of the mice. Pressure was measured with BodiTrak before and after applying the 3-DKF to 14 patients at risk of sacral pressure ulcers.Results In the 3-DKF-applied mice group, the ulcers were shallower and smaller than those in the control group. Compared with the mice in the control group, the 3-DKF group had lower platelet-derived growth factor-α and neutrophil elastase expression, as parameters related to inflammation, and increased levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, TGF-β3, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and α-smooth muscle actin, which are related to growth factors and proliferation. Additionally, typical normal tissue staining patterns were observed in the 3-DKF group. In the preliminary clinical analysis, the average skin pressure was 26.2 mm Hg before applying the 3-DKF, but it decreased to an average of 23.4 mm Hg after 3-DKF application.Conclusion This study demonstrated that the newly developed 3-DKF was effective in preventing pressure ulcers through testing in a pressure ulcer animal model and preliminary clinical application.

Novel Three-Dimensional Knitted Fabric for Pressure Ulcer Prevention: Preliminary Clinical Application and Testing in a Diabetic Mouse Model of Pressure Ulcers

Kim Sungae,Hong Jamin,Lee Yongseong,Son Daegu 대한성형외과학회 2022 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.49 No.1

Background Population aging has led to an increased incidence of pressure ulcers, resulting in a social burden and economic costs. We developed a three-dimensional knitted fabric (3-DKF) with a pressure-reducing function that can be applied topically in the early stages of pressure ulcers to prevent progression.Methods We evaluated the effects of the 3-DKF in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus pressure ulcer mouse model, and the fabric was preliminarily applied to patients. Twelve-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were used for the animal experiments. In the pressure ulcer mouse model, an ischemia-reperfusion injury was created using a magnet on the dorsa of the mice. Pressure was measured with BodiTrak before and after applying the 3-DKF to 14 patients at risk of sacral pressure ulcers.Results In the 3-DKF-applied mice group, the ulcers were shallower and smaller than those in the control group. Compared with the mice in the control group, the 3-DKF group had lower platelet-derived growth factor-α and neutrophil elastase expression, as parameters related to inflammation, and increased levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, TGF-β3, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and α-smooth muscle actin, which are related to growth factors and proliferation. Additionally, typical normal tissue staining patterns were observed in the 3-DKF group. In the preliminary clinical analysis, the average skin pressure was 26.2 mm Hg before applying the 3-DKF, but it decreased to an average of 23.4 mm Hg after 3-DKF application.Conclusion This study demonstrated that the newly developed 3-DKF was effective in preventing pressure ulcers through testing in a pressure ulcer animal model and preliminary clinical application.

Therapeutic Effects of Amnion-Conjugated Chitosan-Alginate Membranes on Diabetic Wounds in an Induced Diabetic Swine Model: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study

Jeong Woonhyeok,Hong Jamin,Jung Minho,Jang Mijin,An Sanghyun,Jo Taehee,Kwon Sunyoung,손대구 대한성형외과학회 2022 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.49 No.2

Background Chitosan (CS) is a well-known antimicrobial dressing material. Moreover, widely used amniotic membranes contain growth factors beneficial for wound healing. Herein, we created a novel amnion-conjugated CS-alginate membrane dressing and tested its wound healing potency in a diabetic swine model.Methods The bovine amniotic powder growth factor contents were evaluated by protein assay, and the powder's wound healing effects were assessed in vitro by HaCaT cell scratch closure. In vivo, two minipigs developed streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Serial serum glucose measurements and intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed to confirm their diabetic status. Twelve square-shaped wounds created on each pig's back were randomly divided into control (n = 4), CS (n = 4), and amnion-CS (AC; n = 4) groups and treated accordingly with different dressings. Wound healing in each group was assessed by measuring wound contraction over time, capturing wound perfusion with indocyanine green (ICG) angiography, and histologically analyzing inflammatory markers.Results Amniotic powder elution promoted HaCaT cell migration in the scratch wound model, suggesting its beneficial in vitro wound healing effects. In vivo, the CS and AC groups showed earlier wound contraction initiation and reepithelialization and earlier wound perfusion improvement by ICG angiography than the control group. Additionally, the wound size of the AC group at week 3 was significantly smaller than those in the control group. There was no significant difference in the numbers of acute and chronic inflammatory cells between the groups.Conclusion The amnion-conjugated CS-alginate membrane, as well as CS dressing alone, could be a favorable dressing option for diabetic wounds.

Therapeutic Effects of Amnion-Conjugated Chitosan-Alginate Membranes on Diabetic Wounds in an Induced Diabetic Swine Model: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study

Jeong Woonhyeok,Hong Jamin,Jung Minho,Jang Mijin,An Sanghyun,Jo Taehee,Kwon Sunyoung,손대구 대한성형외과학회 2022 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.49 No.1

Background Chitosan (CS) is a well-known antimicrobial dressing material. Moreover, widely used amniotic membranes contain growth factors beneficial for wound healing. Herein, we created a novel amnion-conjugated CS-alginate membrane dressing and tested its wound healing potency in a diabetic swine model.Methods The bovine amniotic powder growth factor contents were evaluated by protein assay, and the powder's wound healing effects were assessed in vitro by HaCaT cell scratch closure. In vivo, two minipigs developed streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Serial serum glucose measurements and intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed to confirm their diabetic status. Twelve square-shaped wounds created on each pig's back were randomly divided into control (n = 4), CS (n = 4), and amnion-CS (AC; n = 4) groups and treated accordingly with different dressings. Wound healing in each group was assessed by measuring wound contraction over time, capturing wound perfusion with indocyanine green (ICG) angiography, and histologically analyzing inflammatory markers.Results Amniotic powder elution promoted HaCaT cell migration in the scratch wound model, suggesting its beneficial in vitro wound healing effects. In vivo, the CS and AC groups showed earlier wound contraction initiation and reepithelialization and earlier wound perfusion improvement by ICG angiography than the control group. Additionally, the wound size of the AC group at week 3 was significantly smaller than those in the control group. There was no significant difference in the numbers of acute and chronic inflammatory cells between the groups.Conclusion The amnion-conjugated CS-alginate membrane, as well as CS dressing alone, could be a favorable dressing option for diabetic wounds.

@@@@@Double-stranded RNA Induction as a Potential Dynamic Biomarker for DNA-demethylating Agents

Minjeong KANG,Kharbash RAISA,Jamin BYUN,Jaemin JEON,Ali AHSAN,Doyeong KU,Jimin YOON,Yongsuk KU,Jooyeon SOHN,Seungjae LEE,Dongyeop SHIN,Youngil KOH,Sungsoo YOON,Junshik HONG,Yoosik KIM 한국생물공학회 2023 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.4

Network of Endocardial Vessels

Lee, Byung-Cheon,Kim, Hong Bae,Sung, Baeckkyoung,Kim, Ki Woo,Sohn, Jamin,Son, Boram,Chang, Byung-Joon,Soh, Kwang-Sup S. Karger AG 2011 Cardiology Vol.118 No.1

<P><I>Background:</I> Although there have been reports on threadlike structures inside the heart, they have received little attention. We aimed to develop a method for observing such structures and to reveal their ultrastructures. <I>Methods:</I>An in situ staining method, which uses a series of procedures of 0.2-0.4% trypan blue spraying and washing, was applied to observe threadlike structures on the surfaces of endocardia. The threadlike structures were isolated and observed by using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). <I>Results:</I> Networks of endocardial vessels (20 μm in thickness) with expansions (40-100 μm in diameter) were visualized; they were movable on the endocardium of the bovine atrium and ventricle. CLSM showed that (1) rod-shaped nuclei were aligned along the longitudinal direction of the endocardial vessel and (2) there were many cells inside the expansion. TEM on the endocardial vessel revealed that (1) there existed multiple lumens (1-7 μm in diameter) and (2) the extracellular matrices mostly consisted of collagen fibers, which were aligned along the longitudinal direction of the endocardial vessel or were locally organized in reticular structures. <I>Conclusion:</I> We investigated the endocardial circulatory system in bovine cardiac chambers and its ultrastructures, such as nucleic distributions, microlumens, and collagenous extracellular matrices.</P><P>Copyright © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>

Performance of prototype neutron detectors for Large Acceptance Multi-Purpose Spectrometer at RAON

Shim, Hyunha,Lee, Jong-Won,Hong, Byungsik,Ahn, Jung Keun,Bak, Gyeonghwan,Jo, Jamin,Kim, Minho,Kim, Young Jin,Kim, Young Jun,Lee, Hanseul,Lee, Hyo Sang,Lee, Kyong Sei,Mulilo, Benard,Moon, Dong Ho,Ryu, Elsevier 2019 Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Vol.927 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The performance of the prototype modules of neutron detectors for the Large Acceptance Multi-Purpose Spectrometer (LAMPS) was investigated, using cosmic muons and neutron beams at 65 and 392 MeV, provided by the Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP). The timing and position resolutions were estimated using cosmic muons as 309 ps and 4.8 cm, respectively. The energy resolution depended on the incident energy of neutrons: 1.3% at 65 MeV and 3.1% at 392 MeV. The neutron-detection efficiency also showed weak energy dependence as it decreased from (9.0 ± 1.6)% at 65 MeV to (6.3 ± 1.0)% at 392 MeV.</P>