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Mitochondrial sirtuins: Energy dynamics and cancer metabolism
Hojun Lee,Haejin Yoon Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2024 Molecules and cells Vol.47 No.2
Mitochondria are pivotal for energy regulation and are linked to cancer. Mitochondrial sirtuins, (Sirtuin) SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5, play crucial roles in cancer metabolism. This review explores their impact on cellular processes, with a focus on the NAD+ interplay and the modulation of their enzymatic activities. The varied roles of SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5 in metabolic adaptation and cancer are outlined, emphasizing their tumor suppressor or oncogenic nature. We propose new insights into sirtuin biology, and cancer therapeutics, suggesting an integrated proteomics and metabolomics approach for a comprehensive understanding of mitochondrial sirtuins in cancer.
Yoon, Dukyong,Ahn, Eun Kyoung,Park, Man Young,Cho, Soo Yeon,Ryan, Patrick,Schuemie, Martijn J.,Shin, Dahye,Park, Hojun,Park, Rae Woong Korean Society of Medical Informatics 2016 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.22 No.1
<P><B>Objectives</B></P><P>A distributed research network (DRN) has the advantages of improved statistical power, and it can reveal more significant relationships by increasing sample size. However, differences in data structure constitute a major barrier to integrating data among DRN partners. We describe our experience converting Electronic Health Records (EHR) to the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) Common Data Model (CDM).</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>We transformed the EHR of a hospital into Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) CDM ver. 4.0 used in OHDSI. All EHR codes were mapped and converted into the standard vocabulary of the CDM. All data required by the CDM were extracted, transformed, and loaded (ETL) into the CDM structure. To validate and improve the quality of the transformed dataset, the open-source data characterization program ACHILLES was run on the converted data.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Patient, drug, condition, procedure, and visit data from 2.07 million patients who visited the subject hospital from July 1994 to November 2014 were transformed into the CDM. The transformed dataset was named the AUSOM. ACHILLES revealed 36 errors and 13 warnings in the AUSOM. We reviewed and corrected 28 errors. The summarized results of the AUSOM processed with ACHILLES are available at http://ami.ajou.ac.kr:8080/.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>We successfully converted our EHRs to a CDM and were able to participate as a data partner in an international DRN. Converting local records in this manner will provide various opportunities for researchers and data holders.</P>
Evaluation of cryogenic mechanical properties of aluminum alloy using small punch test
Hojun Cha,Seungmin Jeon,Donghyeon Yoon,Jisung Yoo,Seunggun Lee,Seokho Kim 한국초전도저온학회 2023 한국초전도저온공학회논문지 Vol.25 No.4
The Small Punch Test (SPT) was developed to evaluate the softening and embrittlement of materials such as power plants and nuclear fusion reactors by taking samples in the field. Specimens used in the SPT are very thin and small disk-shaped compared to specimens for general tensile test, and thus have economic advantages in terms of miniaturization and repeatability of the test. The cryogenic SPT can also be miniaturized and has a significantly lower heat capacity than conventional universal test machines. This leads to reduced cooling and warm-up times. In this study, the cryogenic SPT was developed by modifying the existing room temperature SPT to be cooled by liquid nitrogen using a super bellows and a thermal insulation structure. Since the cryogenic SPT was first developed, basic experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of it. For the validation, aluminum alloy 6061-T6 specimens were tested for mechanical properties at room and cryogenic temperature. The results of the corrected tensile properties from the SPT experiment results were compared with known room temperature and cryogenic properties. Based on the correction results, the effectiveness of the cryogenic SPT test was confirmed, and the surface fracture characteristics of the material were analyzed using a 3d image scanner. In the future, we plan to conduct property evaluation according to the development of various alloy materials.
( Hojun Lee ),( Seul I Kim ),( Sojung Park ),( Eunwoo Nam ),( Hyunjin Yoon ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.11
Salmonellosis is commonly associated with meat and poultry products, but an increasing number of Salmonella outbreaks have been attributed to contaminated vegetables and fruits. Enteric pathogens including Salmonella enterica spp. can colonize diverse produce and persist for a long time. Considering that fresh vegetables and fruits are usually consumed raw without heat treatments, Salmonella contamination may subsequently lead to serious human infections. In order to understand the underlying mechanism of Salmonella adaptation to produce, we investigated the transcriptomics of Salmonella in contact with green vegetables, namely cabbage and napa cabbage. Interestingly, Salmonella pathogenicity island (SPI)-1 genes, which are required for Salmonella invasion into host cells, were up-regulated upon contact with vegetables, suggesting that SPI-1 may be implicated in Salmonella colonization of plant tissues as well as animal tissues. Furthermore, Salmonella transcriptomic profiling revealed several genetic loci that showed significant changes in their expression in response to vegetables and were associated with bacterial adaptation to unfavorable niches, including STM14_0818 and STM14_0817 (speF/potE), STM14_0880 (nadA), STM14_1894 to STM14_1892 (fdnGHI), STM14_2006 (ogt), STM14_2269, and STM14_2513 to STM14_2523 (cbi operon). Here, we show that nadA was required for bacterial growth under nutrient-restricted conditions, while the other genes were required for bacterial invasion into host cells. The transcriptomes of Salmonella in contact with cabbage and napa cabbage provided insights into the comprehensive bacterial transcriptional response to produce and also suggested diverse virulence determinants relevant to Salmonella survival and adaptation.
초발수성 식물표면에 존재하는 마이크로/나노구조 복제를 위한 전기장을 이용한 나노임프린팅 방법
전호준(HoJun Jeon),진규현(Gyuhyon Jin),윤현(Hyeon Yoon),김근형(GeunHyung Kim) 대한기계학회 2009 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2009 No.11
The technologies to fabricate micro/nano-patterned surface, such as electron beam lithography and nanoimprinting techniques, have been investigated several years. However, the nano-imprinting technology requiring high pressure during the process is not affordable to replicate micro/nano-surface of plant leaf due to the low stiffness of the leaf. In this study, we researched new technology to produce the hydrophobic nature of plant leaves on the surface of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The micro/nano-patterned PDMS was fabricated by means of field-aided nano-imprint lithography (FA-NIL) technique. By varying the processing conditions of FA-NIT, we could obtain an optimized processing condition to attain hydrophobic surface of lotus leaf. The surface of the replicated PDMS was characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and surface roughness apparatus. We find that FA-NIL might be a good method to generate the soft micro/nano size structures, plant leaf.
To fly, or not to fly—that is the question: Wing s in Melanoplinae
Do-Yoon Kim,Hojun Song,Seunggwan Shin 한국응용곤충학회 2024 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2024 No.04
Despite having enabled insects to become the most abundant and successful group on Earth, wings have been lost in numerous insect lineages, including Orthoptera. Melanoplinae, a subfamily that includes over 100 genera and more than 800 species in Acrididae, exhibits various wing-types and dispersal abilities. Some species possess extensive flight capabilities with long wings, while many groups that inhabit alpine environments tend to reduce their wings and dispersal ability. In order to infer the evolutionary history of Melanoplinae and their wings, we conducted molecular phylogenetic research. We established the phylogeny using seven mitochondrial (Cox1, Cox2, CytB, Nad2, Nad5, 12S and 16S) and two nuclear genes (H3 and Wg) for 139 taxa. By investigating the wing types in Melanoplinae, we estimated the ancestral state of the wings and traced their evolutionary history. Our results present that loss and recovery of wings occurred multiple times within Melanoplinae, showing distinct histories across inner taxa within the subfamily.
압전기(PZT)가 결합된 플러팅 시스템을 이용한 3차원 PCL 지지체 제작
전호준(Hojun Jeon),고석진(Sukjin Ko),윤현(Hyeon Yoon),안승현(SeungHyun Ahn),김근형(GeunHyung Kim) 대한기계학회 2009 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2009 No.11
The RP can provide great control of the internal features of a scaffold, the resolution and minimum feature size are usually constrained by processing parameters and material properties. Recently, a flow in the small-sized nozzle of the plotting system should be required along smoothly to obtain small-sized polymer strand of the 3D scaffold. To attain the stable flow in small-sized nozzle, we adapted a PZT system to the melt-plotting RP system. The effects of the various amplitude and frequencies were investigated in respect of the strand size and the fabricated scaffolds were characterized in mechanical properties. The scaffold of aided PZT system had higher mechanical properties than normal plotting system due to the inducement of molecular orientation of the strand by the vibrating system. From these results, we can convince that this technique is a feasible new method for fabricating high-quality 3D polymeric scaffolds.
YOLO-V3 를 활용한 부품 결함 검사 시 Feature Map Scale 이 성능에 미치는 영향
이호준(Hojun Lee),유승환(Seunghwan Yu),박태준(Taejoon Park),윤종완(Jong-Wan Yoon),서광원(Kwangwon Seo) 한국HCI학회 2021 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.1
현재 금속제품 결함 검사에 널리 사용되고 있는 딥러닝 기반 Object Detection은 높은 실시간 검출 성능을 보유하고 있으나 그 정확도는 제품 검사 공정자동화를 달성하기에 충분하지 않다. 따라서 기존의 금속 제품 결함 검사 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 연구가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 YOLO-V3를 활용하여 금속 부품의 미세 결함 검사 시 detection layer와 연결하는 feature map의 스케일이 결함 검출 성능에 미치는 영향을 실험을 통해 비교하고 YOLO-V3를 활용하여 금속 부품의 미세 결함을 효과적으로 검출하기 위한 최적의 네트워크 구성 방법을 제시한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 네트워크 구조를 적용할 경우 기존의 YOLO-V3의 구조를 적용한 경우보다 8.12%의 mAP의 성능 향상을 얻을 수 있다. 또한 제안하는 네트워크 구조 적용을 통해 향후 연구에서 부품 결함 검사 시 결함 검출율 향상을 기대할 수 있다.
Do-Yoon Kim,Sangil Kim,Hojun Song,Seunggwan Shin 한국응용곤충학회 2024 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2024 No.04
Rhaphidophoridae (Orthoptera: Ensifera), commonly known as cave crickets, are a wingless family and considered the most ancient lineage within Tettigoniidea. However, previous molecular phylogenetic studies and morphological hypotheses have shown inconsistencies. Although their fossils have been found in Baltic amber, their systematic placement remains unrevealed. This study reconstructed a comprehensive phylogeny integrating both extant and fossil lineages. Initially, we revealed relationships within extant lineages through molecular phylogenetics including all extant subfamilies for the first time. Subsequently, using a cladistic approach based on morphology, we confirmed the systematic position of fossil taxa †Protroglophilinae with a report of a new species. Integrating molecular and morphological phylogeney by total evidence tip-dating, we present the comprehensive phylogeny of Rhaphidophoridae considering both extant and fossil groups.