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      • Cellular behavior controlled by bio-inspired and geometry-tunable nanohairs

        Heo, Chaejeong,Jeong, Chanho,Im, Hyeon Seong,Kim, Jong Uk,Woo, Juhyun,Lee, Ji Yeon,Park, Byeonghak,Suh, Minah,Kim, Tae-il Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Nanoscale Vol.9 No.45

        <P>A cicada wing has a biocidal feature of rupturing the membrane of cells, while the cactus spine can transmit a water drop to the stem of the plant. Both of these properties have evolved from their respective unique structures. Here, we endeavor to develop geometry-controllable nanohairs that mimic the cicada‘s wing-like vertical hairs and the cactus spine-like stooped hairs, and to quantitatively characterize the cell migration behavior of the hairy structures. It was found that the neuroblastoma cells are highly sensitive to the variation of surfaces: flat, vertical, and stooped nanohairs (100 nm diameter and 900 nm height). The cells on the vertical hairs showed significantly decreased proliferation. It was found that the behavior of cells cultured on stooped nanohairs is strongly influenced by the direction of the stooped pattern of hairs when we quantitatively measured the migration of cells on flat, vertical, and stooped structures. However, the cells on the flat structures showed random movement and the cells on the vertical nanohairs restricted the nanohair movement. Cells on the stooped structure showed higher forward migration preference compared to that of the other structures. Furthermore, we found that these cellular behaviors on the different patterns of nanohairs were affected by intracellular actin flament change. Consistent with these results, the vertical and stooped structures can facilitate the control of cell viability and guide directional migration for biomedical applications such as organogenesis.</P>

      • Flexible, Transparent, and Noncytotoxic Graphene Electric Field Stimulator for Effective Cerebral Blood Volume Enhancement

        Heo, Chaejeong,Lee, Si Young,Jo, Areum,Jung, Susie,Suh, Minah,Lee, Young Hee American Chemical Society 2013 ACS NANO Vol.7 No.6

        <P>Enhancing cerebral blood volume (CBV) of a targeted area without causing side effects is a primary strategy for treating cerebral hypoperfusion. Here, we report a new nonpharmaceutical and nonvascular surgical method to increase CBV. A flexible, transparent, and skin-like biocompatible graphene electrical field stimulator was placed directly onto the cortical brain, and a noncontact electric field was applied at a specific local blood vessel. Effective CBV increases in the blood vessels of mouse brains were directly observed from <I>in vivo</I> optical recordings of intrinsic signal imaging. The CBV was significantly increased in arteries of the stimulated area, but neither tissue damage nor unnecessary neuronal activation was observed. No transient hypoxia was observed. This technique provides a new method to treat cerebral blood circulation deficiencies at local vessels and can be applied to brain regeneration and rehabilitation.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2013/ancac3.2013.7.issue-6/nn305884w/production/images/medium/nn-2012-05884w_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn305884w'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

      • Nanoscale live cell optical imaging of the dynamics of intracellular microvesicles in neural cells.

        Lee, Sohee,Heo, Chaejeong,Suh, Minah,Lee, Young Hee American Scientific Publishers 2013 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.13 No.11

        <P>Recent advances in biotechnology and imaging technology have provided great opportunities to investigate cellular dynamics. Conventional imaging methods such as transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy are powerful techniques for cellular imaging, even at the nanoscale level. However, these techniques have limitations applications in live cell imaging because of the experimental preparation required, namely cell fixation, and the innately small field of view. In this study, we developed a nanoscale optical imaging (NOI) system that combines a conventional optical microscope with a high resolution dark-field condenser (Cytoviva, Inc.) and halogen illuminator. The NOI system's maximum resolution for live cell imaging is around 100 nm. We utilized NOI to investigate the dynamics of intracellular microvesicles of neural cells without immunocytological analysis. In particular, we studied direct, active random, and moderate random dynamic motions of intracellular microvesicles and visualized lysosomal vesicle changes after treatment of cells with a lysosomal inhibitor (NH4Cl). Our results indicate that the NOI system is a feasible, high-resolution optical imaging system for live small organelles that does not require complicated optics or immunocytological staining processes.</P>

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        Human mini-blood–brain barrier models for biomedical neuroscience research: a review

        Minh Tran,Heo Chaejeong,Lee Luke P.,조한상 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

        The human blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a unique multicellular structure that is in critical demand for fundamental neuroscience studies and therapeutic evaluation. Despite substantial achievements in creating in vitro human BBB platforms, challenges in generating specifics of physiopathological relevance are viewed as impediments to the establishment of in vitro models. In this review, we provide insight into the development and deployment of in vitro BBB models that allow investigation of the physiology and pathology of neurological therapeutic avenues. First, we highlight the critical components, including cell sources, biomaterial glue collections, and engineering techniques to reconstruct a miniaturized human BBB. Second, we describe recent breakthroughs in human mini-BBBs for investigating biological mechanisms in neurology. Finally, we discuss the application of human mini-BBBs to medical approaches. This review provides strategies for understanding neurological diseases, a validation model for drug discovery, and a potential approach for generating personalized medicine.

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      • ZnO Nanowire Arrays on 3D Hierachical Graphene Foam: Biomarker Detection of Parkinson’s Disease

        Yue, Hong Yan,Huang, Shuo,Chang, Jian,Heo, Chaejeong,Yao, Fei,Adhikari, Subash,Gunes, Fethullah,Liu, Li Chun,Lee, Tae Hoon,Oh, Eung Seok,Li, Bing,Zhang, Jian Jiao,Huy, Ta Quang,Luan, Nguyen Van,Lee, Y American Chemical Society 2014 ACS NANO Vol.8 No.2

        <P>We report that vertically aligned ZnO nanowire arrays (ZnO NWAs) were fabricated on 3D graphene foam (GF) and used to selectively detect uric acid (UA), dopamine (DA), and ascorbic acid (AA) by a differential pulse voltammetry method. The optimized ZnO NWA/GF electrode provided a high surface area and high selectivity with a detection limit of 1 nM for UA and DA. The high selectivity in the oxidation potential was explained by the gap difference between the lowest unoccupied and highest occupied molecular orbitals of a biomolecule for a set of given electrodes. This method was further used to detect UA levels in the serum of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The UA level was 25% lower in PD patients than in healthy individuals. This finding strongly implies that UA can be used as a biomarker for PD.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2014/ancac3.2014.8.issue-2/nn405961p/production/images/medium/nn-2013-05961p_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn405961p'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

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