백서 뇌의 정상 노화와 병적 노화 과정의 조직학적 차이 및 약물효과

전진숙,한호성,장희경,길영기,김순옥 대한생물치료정신의학회 1997 생물치료정신의학 Vol.3 No.1

Objectives : Besides of malnutrition and neurotoxic effect of alcohol on the prefrontal cortex or subcortical structures, premature aging may be involved in alcohol-induced cognitive disorders. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of alcohol on short-term memory function and histology, and to identify the drug responses and an association with aging process to understand a biological mechanism underlying alcoholic dementia. Methods: In experiment 1, T-maze tests were done in 5 aged controls and 5 atropine-treated rats. In experiment 2, T-maze tests were repeated on every week for a month in 5 normal adult and 5 ethanol-treated rats. In experiment 3, T-maze tests were repeated on every week for a month in seven groups of 5 ethanol-treated rats injected with normal saline, fluoxetine, bromocriptine, bethacholine, nimodipine, clonidine and ketamine. After completion of behavioral tests rats were sacrificed by the intracardiac perfusion with phosphate buffered 10% formaldehyde solution, and the brain specimen was stained with hematoxylin-eosin to count cells in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Results: 1) Cell numbers of hippocampus(CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus) and prefrontal cortex were reduced in ethanol-treated rats(P<0.05) without significant changes on T-maze tests. 2)Cell numbers of hippocampus(CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus) and prefrontal cortex were recovered by bethacholine(P<0.05), while those of hippocampus raised by bromocriptine and clonidine(P<0.05 respectively). There were no significant changes on T-maze tests. 3) Cell numbers of prefrontal cortex in ethanol-treated rats were correlated with those of atropine-treated(r=0.977,P<0.001), and of normal aged(r=0.448, P<0.05) rats. Conclusions : Alcohol-induced memory disorder might be mainly related with cholinergic system as well as adrenergic or dopaminergic ones. Pathological aging process could be involved in a mechanism underlying alcoholic dementia.

트레드밀 運動負荷後 恢復時 靜的 및 動的인 休息方法에 의한 恢復率 比較

李喆熙,金相洪,李淳川,李源才 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1991 科學論集 Vol.17 No.-

This study was performed to compare recovery rate with the passive and the active recovery methods during the first and the second recovery periods after the first and the second treadmill running. Forteen female subjects aged between 13 and 14 years were divided into passive recovery and active recovery groups. Running exercise was performed on the treadmill at 3.5mph speed with incremental increase of 2% grade per 1 minute until attaining their target heart rate. Heart tare, blood pressure(systolic and diastolic pressure), respiratory rate, and blood lactic acid concentrations were measured at resting state and 1min, 3min, 5min, 7min, and 10min during the first and the second recovery periods. Especially, heart rate and respiratory rate were measured at the starting and termination time of the first and the second exercise. The results are summarized as follows. Heart rate at the starting of the first exercise was significantly higher than that of the resting value. Two groups were higher than the resting state until 10minutes of the first recovery periods, but there were no difference between the two. The starting and termination of exercise in the second exercise also was significantly higher than resting state ; especially the active recovery group in the first starting exercise was significantly higher than passive recovery group. The active recovery group was shown the higher heart rate than that of passive recovery group at recovery period of 5minutes and 10 minutes. Systolic blood pressure was higher than resting values until recovery periods of 5minutes after the first treadmill exercise. The level of systolic blood pressure was restored to the resting state after recovery period of 7minutes until the recovery period of 3minutes. It was restored to the resting state after the second exercise. The active recovery group in the first and the second exercise recovery was restored to the resting level after recovery period of 10minutes. The active recovery group at the recovery period of the first and the second exercise was significantly higher than the passive recovery group. Diastolic blood pressure was showed no significant difference between the two groups during the first and the second recovery period. Respiratory rate in two groups were increased to the above resting level. The passive recovery group was significantly higher than the active recovery group. It was returned to the resting level by 3minutes during the first and the second recovery period. Hematocrit in the passive recovery group was lower by 10minutes than that of active recovery group during the first and the second recovery period during the first and the second recovery period. The active recovery group was no significant difference throughout the recovery period. The blood lactic acid concentrations in the two groups were significantly higher than those of resting values during the first recovery periods. The two groups were restored to the resting level by recovery period of 10minutes, but were higher than resting values by recovery periods of 1minute. As a results, the active recovery group was somewhat higher than the passive recovery group. This indicate that recovery rate in the active recovery group was higher than that of the passive recovery group.

運動後 恢復時 相異한 環境下에서 體型에 따른 生理的 變化의 硏究

李源才,李喆熙,李淳川 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1990 科學論集 Vol.16 No.-

The subjects chosen for this study were 40 students aged between 17-18 years who were divided into normal weighing group and over weighing group by Rohrer's index. Four groups were compared to analyze how recovery procedure in different media(water and air at 30℃) affects recovery rates. Four groups were compared by using ANOVA procedure and F value. Their subjects were divided into 4 groups : NA(normal weight in air). NW(normal weight in water). OA (over weight in air) and OW(over weight in water). The results were summarized as follows; 1) Heart rate In comparison of NA and NW, NA was significantly lower than NW. There were no difference in comparison of OA-OW, NA-OA and NW-OW as seen in fig. 1. At 1 min. after exercise, as F-value of 12.30 and 5.60 was higher than F 0.05(1,18)=4.41 or F 0.01(1,18)=8.29, comparison of NA-OA and NW-OW was significant difference. At 3 min. after exercise, there were no significance in each groups. 2) Systolic blood pressure In systolic blood pressure between OA and OW, OA was lower than OW throughout the recovery period. NA was lower than OA from 1 min. to 5 min. after exercise. NA was higher than NW during rest and 1 min. 10 min. and 20min. after exercise. None of the difference between NW and OW were statistically significant except resting value. 3) Diastolic blood pressure Diastolic blood pressure in NA was significantly higher than that of NW at rest and 5 min., 10 min. and 20 min. after exercise. OA was significantly higher than OW at 3 min., 5 min. and 10 min. after exercise. NW was higher than OW at rest and 1 min. after exercise. 4) Rectal temperature Rectal temperature in NA was higher than that of NW and OA was higher than OW at rest and throughout recovery period. NW was significantly higher than OW at rest and 3 min. and 5 min. after exercise. 5) Oral temperature Oral temperature in NA was significantly higher than that of NW at 1 min. and 5 min. after exercise. OA was higher than OW at rest and 10 min. and 20 min. after exercise. 6) Axillary temperature Axillary temperature in NA was lower than that of NW at rest and 1 min. and 3 min. of recovery period. OA was significantly lower than OW at rest and 1 min. and 20 min. after exercise. There was significant difference between NA and OA at 1 min., 3 min. and 20 min. after exercise. NW was higher than OW at 1 min., 3 min., 10 min. and 20 min. after exercise. 7) Skin temperature Skin temperature in NA was higher than that of NW throughout recovery period. There were a significant difference between OA and OW except 1 min. of recovery period. There were no significant difference between NW and OW except 10 min. after exercise. Therefore rates of fall in skin temperature were faster in water than in air.

Protective Effect of (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate on Nitric Oxide-Induced Apoptosis in Alveolar Epithelial Cells

Cheon-Woong Choi,Jee-Hong Yoo,Sung-Eun Kim,Yun-Hee Sung,Jin-Hee Seo,Mal-Soon Shin,Dong-Hee Kim,Chang-Ju Kim 대한스트레스학회 2011 스트레스硏究 Vol.19 No.1

폐는 질소종류에 다양하게 반응한다. 폐 상피세포는 nitric oxide synthase (NOS)에 의해 L-아르기닌으로부터 합성된 유리기 무기물 가스인 산화질소에 민감하게 반응한다. 산화질소(nitric oxide)는 많은 생물학적 과정의 매개체이지만, 과도한 출현은 다양한 세포 유형의 세포사멸을 일으키기도 한다. 녹차의 주성분이며, 가장 풍부하게 들어있는 (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (ECGC)는 최근에 세포사멸 경로를 조절하는 것으로 알려졌다. EGCG는 항산화, 항염증, 보호기전, 항세포사멸 효과를 보여주고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 인간 폐 상피세포에서 EGCG가 sodium nitroprusside (SNP)로 유도된 세포사멸에 대한 보호효과를 연구하였다. 인간의 폐포 유형 II L-132 세포를 가지고, EGCG의 항세포사멸을 확인하기 위해 MTT assay, DAPL staining, TUNEL assay, DNA fragmentation assay, Western blotting으로 분석하였다. 본 실험의 결과 SNP는 인간의 폐 상피 세포인 L-132에서 세포사멸의 형태학적 변화를 유발하였고, 세포사멸 전단계인 Bax 단백질의 발현을 증가시켰으며, caspase-3의 활성을 증가시켰다. 그러나 EGCE를 처치한 세포에서는 Bax 단백질의 발현을 감소하였고, 반 세포사멸 단백질인 Bcl-2의 발현은 현저하게 증가하여 caspase-3의 활성을 억제하는 결과를 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구 결과 EGCG는 폐 상피 세포인 L-132에서 SNP로 유도된 세포사멸에 대한 보호 효과를 나타냄을 확인할 수 있었다. The lung is exposed to various stimulants, such as reactive nitrogen species. Alveolar epithelial cells are sensitive to nitric oxide (NO), which is a free radical inorganic gas synthesized from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). NO mediates many biological processes, but excessive NO exposure induces apoptosis in various cell types. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has recently been shown to modulate apoptotic pathways. EGCG is the most abundant and most active ingredient of green tea. EGCG has been shown to have anti-carcinogenic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and anti-apoptotic effects. In the present study, we investigated whether EGCG exhibits a protective effect against apoptosis induced by the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in human lung epithelial cells. To confirm the anti-apoptotic properties of EGCG, a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay, DNA fragmentation assay, and Western blotting were performed using human alveolar type II L-132 cells. The present results show that SNP induced apoptotic morphological changes, increased the expression levels of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and enhanced the enzymatic activity of caspase-3 in L-132 human lung epithelial cells. However, EGCG treatment remarkably increased the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, decreased the expression of Bax, and suppressed the enzymatic activity of caspase-3. The results of the present study revealed that EGCG exerts a protective effect against SNP-induced apoptosis in L-132 human lung epithelial cells. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:69∼77)

Optimization of Processing Conditions for the Production of Puffed Rice

Hee Soon Cheon(천희순),Won Il Cho(조원일),Changho Jhin(진창호),Kyeong Hwan Back(백경환),Kyung Heon Ryu(류경헌),Su Youn Lim(임수연),Myong Soo Chung(정명수),Jun Bong Choi(최준봉),Taehwan Lim(임태환),Keum Taek Hwang(황금택) 한국조리학회 2015 한국조리학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Determination of Optimum Sterilization Condition for the Production of Retorted Kimchi Soup

Hee Soon Cheon(천희순),Eun-Ji Park(박은지),Won-Il Cho(조원일),Keum Taek Hwang(황금택),Myong-Soo Chung(정명수),Jun-Bong Choi(최준봉) 한국조리학회 2014 한국조리학회지 Vol.20 No.6

복원용 밥의 미생물 안전성 및 식감 향상을 위한 저온 숙성 및 건조 처리

천희순(Hee Soon Cheon),조원일(Won-Il Cho),정명수(Myong-Soo Chung),최준봉(Jun-Bong Choi) 한국식품과학회 2019 한국식품과학회지 Vol.51 No.1

본 연구의 침지쌀을 90-100℃의 온도에서 1, 2차 증숙한 다음 0-10℃의 냉장저온에서 숙성하는 1단계 처리와 이어 상대습도 85%, -20℃에서 냉동하는 2단계 그리고 1-20℃의 상압에서 5m/s 풍속으로 저온 건조하는 3단계로 구성된 최종 수분함량 30% 인 복원용 밥의 제조방법은 기존 열풍건조 대비 관능품질을 향상시키고 상온 3개월 내외의 보관을 가능하게 하였다. 구체적인 효과는 2단계 증숙 및 저온 장시간 건조 과정을 통해 개선된 복원용밥의 수분함량이 기존 건조밥의 7% 대비 4.3배 높고 쌀알의 고유 형태가 잘 유지되어 있어 취식을 위한 열수 복원시 전반맛, 식감과 외관이 관능평가에서 통계적 유의 있게 향상되었다(p<0.05). 또한 수분 30% 수준은 최적의 관능품질을 나타내면서 미생물 생육을 저해하여 저장성을 향상시키는 조건으로 파악되었다. 이러한 품질 및 저장성 향상 효과가 있는 처리 방법을 멥쌀, 찹쌀, 밀, 콩, 메밀 및 보리 등의 다양한 곡물을 이용한 복원용 밥 제품의 제조에 적용할 수 있어 상업적 활용성이 매우 높다고 할 수 있다. In this study, a commercial production stepwise method for restorative rice with high quality and microbial safety was developed. The stepwise treatment method included steaming, refrigerated aging, and low temperature drying. The soaking rice was steamed twice at 90-100℃, and then, the rice was aged at 0-10oC, frozen at -20℃, and dried at low temperatures with 5 m/s wind speed at 1-20℃ and 85% relative humidity. Applying the three steps improved sensory qualities compared with the conventional hot air drying and made storage at room temperature for 3 months possible. Specifically, the moisture content of the restorative rice was increased to 30%, which was 4.3 times higher than the 7% of the conventional air dried rice, and the rice grain shape was well maintained. The texture and appearance of the threestep rice were significantly improved (p<0.05) in a sensory evaluation.

떡볶이 떡의 미생물 안전성 및 식감 향상을 위한 유기산과 증숙 처리

천희순(Hee Soon Cheon),조원일(Won-Il Cho),이수진(Su Jin Lee),정명수(Myong-Soo Chung),최준봉(Jun-Bong Choi) 한국식품과학회 2017 한국식품과학회지 Vol.49 No.5

본 연구의 스팀을 쌀가루 반죽시 공급하여, 떡을 성형한 후 젖산 용액 침지 및 가열살균한 떡볶이 떡은 냉장 유통조건에서 30일 내외 보존이 가능한 기존 떡에 반해 미생물에 의한 변질과 관능품질의 급격한 저하 없이 상온 10개월의 장기간 보관이 가능하였다. 또한 무처리 대조구 대비 쌀 전분의 용출이 적어 식감이 쫄깃하여 관능평가에서 선호도가 통계적으로 유의 있게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 처리구 떡볶이 떡 성형체 경우 기공의 크기가 10-20 μm 내외로 기존 기공의 평균 크기 40-60 μm 대비 유의차 있게 (p<0.05) 작아져 쫄깃한 식감이 향상되고, 또 내부 전분의 용출도 적어져 식감 향상의 효과가 더해지는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 품질 및 저장성 향상 효과가 있는 떡 반죽물 제조 및 살균공법을 멥쌀, 찹쌀, 밀, 콩, 메밀 및 보리 등의 다양한 곡물을 이용한 떡볶이 떡 제품의 제조에 적용시 쌀 전분의 용출이 적어져 소비자가 선호하는 떡 고유의 맛과 쫄깃한 식감을 가지며, 미생물 살균 효과가 개선되어 상온에서 장기간 보존할 수 있어 상업적 활용성이 매우 높다고 할 수 있다. To improve the storage and firmness of Tteokbokki tteok Korean-style rice cakes with spicy sauce, steaming of the rice dough, soaking of the rice cake in acidic solution, and heat sterilization were conducted sequentially. The untreated control could be stored for 1 month under cold conditions, but this was extended to 10 months at room temperature (15-30℃) after immersion in lactic acid solution (pH 4.0) for 20 min and heating to 100℃ for 30 min. The mechanical strength, which was related to firmness, was significantly increased to 11.4 kgm/s² compared with the untreated rice cakes (8.8 kgm/s², p<0.05) and the overall descriptions of the sensory evaluation, including texture, was significantly higher than the control (p<0.05). The average size of the pores in the treated rice cakes was smaller than that of the conventional sample and the texture was improved as a result of decreased starch elution from smaller pores.

Ovarian development and oviposition response of two vectors of pine wood nematode, M. alternatus and M. saltuarius

Hyang-Mi Cheon,Hye-Soon Huh,Hee-Sun Rho,Kwang-Sik Choi 한국응용곤충학회 2011 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.05

The ovarian development and oviposition response of two vector beetles of pine wood nematode, Monochamus alternatus and M. saltuarius, was investigated. The ovary structure of two beetles was investigated by means of light microscopy. The ovary of both beetles was composed of two ovaries that are connected by a common oviduct. Each of the two ovaries was consisted of twelve ovarioles, the functional units of female oogenesis. The ovary type was meroistic telotrophic with nurse cells and oocytes in the tropharium. Ovarian development of two vector beetles was completed at 12-14 days after maturation-feeding pine twigs. Aspect of accumulation of vitellogenins in the ovary of two vectors showed difference in developmental stages and major yolk proteins, differently from vitellogenin. To investigate oviposition performance of two vector beetles, we provided P. thunbergii and P. koraiensis bolts for egg laying and collected emerged adults from each pine bolts in the next year. M. saltuarius females made more oviposition wounds and entrance hole of larvae than M. alternatus on pine bolts. We also investigated whether two beetles can transmission of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and the European type of B. mucronatus via oviposition to noninfected dead pines. 48-83% from newly emerged adults of two beetles were carried two species nematode. This results suggested that two species beetles can transmit nematodes through oviposition performance and transmitted nematodes successfully propagate in non-infected dead pines.

Transduced Tat-α-Synuclein Protects against Oxidative Stress In vitro and In vivo

( Hee Soon Choi ),( Sun Hwa Lee ),( So Young Kim ),( Jae Jin An ),( Seok Il Hwang ),( Dae Won Kim ),( Ki Yeon Yoo ),( Moo Ho Won ),( Tae Cheon Kang ),( Hyung Joo Kwon ),( Jung Hoon Kang ),( Sung Woo C 생화학분자생물학회 2006 BMB Reports Vol.39 No.3