Kaempferol promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation and migration by suppressing HIF-1α/VEGF and Wnt/β-catenin activation under hypoxic condition in colon cancer

Muhammad Haroon,Kang Sun Chul 한국응용생명화학회 2025 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.68 No.-

A naturally occurring flavonoid compound found in several fruits and vegetables, kaempferol has garnered interest for its potential anticancer effects. The present investigation illustrates that kaempferol has multi-faceted anti-tumor effects in hypoxic colon cancer cells, HCT-15 (ATCC) and HCT-116 (KCLB) by inhibiting HIF-1α/VEGF angiogenesis, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression. In conditions of hypoxia, kaempferol inhibited the stabilization of HIF-1α and its downstream targets (VEGF, ANG1, VEGFR2), while also obstructing Wnt/β-catenin activation by decreasing β-catenin and modifying the expression of pathway components (c-Myc, Cyclin-D1, LEF1, APC, and Axin-2). Kaempferol mitigated hypoxia-induced EMT by reinstating E-cadherin and inhibiting N-cadherin, Vimentin, and MMP-2/9, which corresponded with diminished migration in transwell and wound-healing assay. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated dual regulation of HIF-1α transcriptional activity (HRE luciferase) and MAPK signaling (p-ERK/p-38), in conjunction with ROS-induced DNA damage and intrinsic apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3/9 and Bcl-2 protein expression). The impact on angiogenesis, EMT, and survival pathways significantly diminished the proliferation, invasion, and metastatic capacity of hypoxic colon cancer cells which identifies kaempferol as an innovative multi-pathway inhibitor, thereby offering a strong justification for its advancement as a therapeutic agent for advanced colorectal cancer. Graphical abstract

Experimental Investigation of Self-Healing Capability of RC Beams

Muhammad Haroon(무하마드 하룬),Moon, Jeonghyun(문정현),Kang, Youmin(강유민),Kim, NaYeong(김나영),Lee, Jung-Yoon(이정윤) 한국콘크리트학회 2019 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.31 No.1

Response Modification Factor of Precast Reinforced Concrete Moment Resisting Frame

HAROON MUHAMMAD,변현우,이범식,김길희,이정윤 한국콘크리트학회 2020 콘크리트학회논문집 Vol.32 No.6

Under severe seismic demands if structures are designed to remain within the elastic range, the results sections may highly be uneconomical because the maximum response acceleration is usually several times the maximum ground acceleration, depending on the structural stiffness and the magnitude of damping. Therefore, current design codes recommend much lower design seismic loads compared to the inertia loads for elastic response of structures by using the force reduction or response modification factor based on the equal energy dissipation concept. The response modification factor is used to reduce the actual base shear force to the design level force during an earthquake excitation. Various design codes i.e. ACI318-19, ASCE 7-10 etc. have come up with different R-factor values for different structural systems including the pre-cast moment frames. However, the Korean Concrete Institute design codes provide the R-factor values for cast-in place concrete moment frames along with other lateral load resisting systems but ignore the precast concrete structures. In this study, efforts are made to estimate the response modification factor for the precast RC moment resisting frames using nonlinear static push-over analysis. The types of the frames considered in this study are precast RC frames with strength and deformation capacity equal to 100 %, 75 % and 50 % of that of a monolithic RC frame. The result of this study shows that the R-factors of the three precast moment resisting frames were 6.5, 6.3 and 5.4, respectively.

mmWave Path-loss, Joint Rain and Gas losses Effect Analysis Based on ITU Street Canyons Scenarios

Muhammad Sajid Haroon(무하마드 사지드 하룬),Najam Us Saqib(사킵 나잠어스),Hoon-Geun Song(송훈근),Sang-Woon Jeon(전상운) 한국통신학회 2021 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.6

Besides high phase noise, doppler spread, and limited range, path-loss is one of the prominent performance limiting factors at higher millimetre wave (mmWave) frequency bands. This work evaluates the path-loss for different setups at the frequencies 28 and 60 GHz. This study utilizes site-general and site-specific (mmWave propagation) models under street-canyons from ITU-R P.1411-10. Moreover, for mmWave propagation model, additional losses by rain and gasses are calculated by using the procedure given in ITU-R P.530-17 and ITU-R P.676-12, respectively. The results demonstrate that mmWave propagation model leads to higher path-losses as compared with site general model due to additional rain and gas losses. Moreover, higher frequencies and longer separation distances leads to significant path-loss for all the considered scenario. Furthermore, rain losses are observed to be more detrimental as compared with gas losses.

Classification of Network Traffic using Machine Learning for Software Defined Networks

Muhammad Shahzad Haroon,Husnain Mansoor International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2023 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.23 No.12

As SDN devices and systems hit the market, security in SDN must be raised on the agenda. SDN has become an interesting area in both academics and industry. SDN promises many benefits which attract many IT managers and Leading IT companies which motivates them to switch to SDN. Over the last three decades, network attacks becoming more sophisticated and complex to detect. The goal is to study how traffic information can be extracted from an SDN controller and open virtual switches (OVS) using SDN mechanisms. The testbed environment is created using the RYU controller and Mininet. The extracted information is further used to detect these attacks efficiently using a machine learning approach. To use the Machine learning approach, a dataset is required. Currently, a public SDN based dataset is not available. In this paper, SDN based dataset is created which include legitimate and non-legitimate traffic. Classification is divided into two categories: binary and multiclass classification. Traffic has been classified with or without dimension reduction techniques like PCA and LDA. Our approach provides 98.58% of accuracy using a random forest algorithm.

Comparative Analysis of Residential Satisfaction of Two Unapproved Housing Schemes in Peshawar

Muhammad Haroon,Muhammad Usman,Nafees Ahmad 아시아사회과학학회 2023 Jornal of Asia Social Science Vol.11 No.2

People seek housing to satisfy their basic needs for privacy protection and try to find an affordable house. People are attracted to an affordable housing scheme. But most affordable housing schemes do not have approval status from the concerned regulatory agency. Peshawar is among Pakistan’s most populous cities with an increasing urbanization rate. This causes increased housing demand and people only care about the affordability of the house, not to mention the approval status of the housing scheme. This study determines the comparative satisfaction of residents of two (Al-haram Model Town and Executive Lodges) unapproved housing schemes in Peshawar. the comparison is done on three bases: (i) neighborhood facilities and design, (ii) infrastructure provision, and (iii) maintenance and management. these categories are further divided into fifteen variables for insight study. A survey on close-ended questionnaires with a five-point Likert-scale ranging from strongly dissatisfied to strongly-satisfied was conducted in both housing schemes. the CATREG regression analysis was employed to determine the influence of each of the fifteen variables from both housing schemes on overall residential satisfaction. Regression analysis shows that residents of Al-haram Model Town are more satisfied than residents of Executive Lodges because of more variables of Al-haram Model Town of each category positively influence overall residential satisfaction than Executive Lodges each category variables.

Ductility Capacity Prediction of Reinforced Concrete Columns Failing in Shear after Flexural Yielding

Muhammad Haroon(무하마드 하룬),Lee, Jung-Yoon(이정윤) 한국콘크리트학회 2016 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.28 No.2

Celastrol-mediated autophagy regulation in cancer

Haroon Muhammad,Kang Sun Chul 한국응용생명화학회 2020 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.63 No.6

In the last few decades, studies on autophagy regulation and its potential role in cancer therapeutics have expanded to include detailed mechanisms. Since apoptosis exhibits drug resistance in some cancers, eforts have focused on searching for compounds with autophagy modulating properties. Numerous natural compounds have been used in cancer treatment and are considered a signifcant research area due to their remarkable anti-cancer properties. Celastrol, a quinone methide triterpene, derived from Tripterygium wilfordii, has recently drawn much attention because of its anticancer potential. It enhances tumor suppression and induces autophagy in cancer cells by regulating signaling pathways such as Beclin-1, Akt/mTOR, ROS, NF-κB, MAPK, HSP90, and the proteasome. In the current study, we address the anticancer potential of celastrol, its efect on various cellular pathways, and describe how it functions as an autophagy modulator in cancer therapeutics and helps diminish multidrug resistance in cancer cells.

Human hand gesture identification framework using SIFT and knowledge-level technique

Muhammad Haroon,Saud Altaf,Zia-ur- Rehman,Muhammad Waseem Soomro,Sofia Iqbal 한국전자통신연구원 2023 ETRI Journal Vol.45 No.6

In this study, the impact of varying lighting conditions on recognition and decision-making was considered. The luminosity approach was presented to increase gesture recognition performance under varied lighting. An efficient framework was proposed for sensor-based sign language gesture identification, including picture acquisition, preparing data, obtaining features, and recognition. The depth images were collected using multiple Microsoft Kinect devices, and data were acquired by varying resolutions to demonstrate the idea. A case study was designed to attain acceptable accuracy in gesture recognition under variant lighting. Using American Sign Language (ASL), the dataset was created and analyzed under various lighting conditions. In ASL-based images, significant feature points were selected using the scale-invariant feature transformation (SIFT). Finally, an artificial neural network (ANN) classified hand gestures using specified characteristics for validation. The suggested method was successful across a variety of illumination conditions and different image sizes. The total effectiveness of NN architecture was shown by the 97.6% recognition accuracy rate of 26 alphabets dataset with just a 2.4% error rate.

Static and adaptive feedback control for synchronization of different chaotic oscillators with mutually Lipschitz nonlinearities

Riaz, Muhammad,Rehan, Muhammad,Hong, Keum-Shik,Ashraf, Muhammad,Rasheed, Haroon Ur Chinese Physical Society 2014 Chinese Physics B Vol.23 No.11

<P>This paper addresses the control law design for synchronization of two different chaotic oscillators with mutually Lipschitz nonlinearities. For analysis of the properties of two different nonlinearities, an advanced mutually Lipschitz condition is proposed. This mutually Lipschitz condition is more general than the traditional Lipschitz condition. Unlike the latter, it can be used for the design of a feedback controller for synchronization of chaotic oscillators of different dynamics. It is shown that any two different Lipschitz nonlinearities always satisfy the mutually Lipschitz condition. Applying the mutually Lipschitz condition, a quadratic Lyapunov function and uniformly ultimately bounded stability, easily designable and implementable robust control strategies utilizing algebraic Riccati equation and linear matrix inequalities, are derived for synchronization of two distinct chaotic oscillators. Furthermore, a novel adaptive control scheme for mutually Lipschitz chaotic systems is established by addressing the issue of adaptive cancellation of unknown mismatch between the dynamics of different chaotic systems. The proposed control technique is numerically tested for synchronization of two different chaotic Chua's circuits and for obtaining identical behavior between the modified Chua's circuit and the Rössler system.</P>