EFFECT OF AGRICULTURAL BY-PRODUCT DIETS ON CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF FOUR TYPES OF CATTLE IN THE FEEDLOT

Dahlan, I.,Rahman-Haron, A.,Sukri, M.H.I. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1992 Animal Bioscience Vol.5 No.3

Five type of formulated diet from agricultural by-products (ABP) were fed to four breedtype of cattle in feedlot. The ABP used are palm kernel cake (PKC), palm press fibre (PPF), palm oil mill effluent (POME), cocoa pod (COP), coffee pulp (COF) and pineapple waste (PAP). The formulated diets are PS (52% PKC, 15% PPF and 30% POME), PF (57% PKC, 20% PPF and 20% POME), PA (2% PKC and 55% PAP), CO (42% PKC and 55% COP) and CF (67% PKC and 30% COF) with 1% urea, 1% NaCl and 1% vitamins premix. The cattle breedtypes are Kedah-Kelantan (KK), Brahman-KK (BK), Hereford-KK (HK) and Sahiwal-Friesian (SF). The result showed that breedtype significantly affect all the carcass characteristic except dressing percentage. Each breedtype has it's specific carcass characteristics. HK cattle gave high marbling, BK has high % of carcass bone, KK has high % of carcass meat and low % of carcass fat (lean meat type) and SF has high % of carcass fat. Diet-type significantly affect the deposition of fat in the carcass. High moisture diets (PA and CO) produced significantly higher % carcass bone, the lowest % carcass fat and the highest % carcass meat (65.3%). PF, CF, PA and CO diets produced 63.4%, 59.9%, 55.3% and 54.1% carcass meat respectively.

Sustainable Machining of Hardened Inconel 718: A Comparative Study

Nurul Hayati Abdul Halim,Che Hassan Che Haron,Jaharah Abdul Ghani 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.21 No.7

Recent trends in metal cutting shows the increasing of demand at the global stage for the application of eco-friendly machining approaches in order to eliminate the adverse effects of conventional cutting fluids. Thus, this experimental work was conducted to evaluate the performance of sustainable cooling techniques of cryogenic carbon dioxide (CO2), Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL), cryogenic liquid nitrogen (LN2) and dry cutting on machinability of Inconel 718. For the cryogenic CO2 approach, a new concept of cryogenic cooling technique was introduced for efficient and consistent cooling performance. The findings displayed cryogenic CO2 as a promising coolant since it resulted in slower tool wear rate compared to cryogenic LN2 and dry cutting, while being more effective in decreasing cutting forces and surface roughness compared to other approaches. Its adequate and consistent cooling efficiently disperses the generated heat and creates an ideal cutting condition for the tool and workpiece to interact with each another during cutting. In contrast to MQL cutting, the usefulness of CO 2 was supplanted due to the resulting shorter tool life. As such, the MQL approach is preferred as it extends the tool life longer by 67.2% with the maximum volume of material removal as compared to cryogenic CO2. Its lubrication impact shows effectiveness in diminishing the tool wear rate than the cooling effect by the cryogenic CO2. However, from the viewpoint of sustainability, MQL could be less preferable due to unpleasant odour and settling of MQL mist around the cutting area.

Tualang honey adjunct with anastrozole improve parenchyma enhancement of breast tissue in breast cancer patients: A randomized controlled trial

Nik Shah Hizan,Nor Hasnina Mohd Hassan,Juhara Haron,Murtala Bello Abubakar,Nik Munirah Nik Mahdi,Siew Hua Gan 한국한의학연구원 2018 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.7 No.4

Background: To investigate whether the combination of anastrozole and Tualang honey (T honey) influences background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) in breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of postmenopausal women with breast cancer. Methods: A total of 30 patients were recruited and randomly divided into control (anastrozole 1 mg daily) and intervention (anastrozole 1 mg + T honey 20 g daily). The BPE of the contralateral breast before and six months following treatment was compared using the sign test. Results: There was a decrease in BPE in 10% of the women (p = 0.317) who received only anastrozole, which resulted in a change of BPE category from moderate to mild. However, the combination of anastrozole and T honey evoked a decrease in BPE in 42% of the patients (p = 0.034). Conclusions: The combination of T honey and anastrozole maybe more efficacious than anastrozole alone in decreasing breast BPE in breast cancer patients. These findings support the medicinal value of T honey as an adjuvant treatment to anastrozole.

Adherence to Capecitabine Treatment and Contributing Factors among Cancer Patients in Malaysia

Zahrina, Abdul Kadir,Norsa'adah, Bachok,Hassan, Norul Badriah,Norazwany, Yaacob,Norhayati, Md Isa,Roslan, Mohd Haron,Wan Nazuha, Wan Rusik Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.21

Ensuring adherence to chemotherapy is important to prevent disease progression, prolong survival and sustain good quality of life. Capecitabine is a complex chemotherapeutic agent with many side effects that might affect patient adherence to treatment. This cross sectional study aimed to determine adherence to capecitabine and its contributing factors among cancer outpatients in Malaysia. One hundred and thirteen patients on single regime capecitabine were recruited from Hospital Sultan Ismail and Hospital Kuala Lumpur from October 2013 to March 2014. Adherence was determined based on adherence score using validated Medication Compliance Questionnaire. Patient socio-demographics, disease, and treatment characteristics were obtained from medical records. Satisfaction score was measured using the validated Patient Satisfaction with Healthcare questionnaire. The mean adherence score was 96.1% (standard deviation: 3.29%). The significant contributing factors of adherence to capecitabine were Malay ethnicity [${\beta}=1.3$; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.21, 2.43; p value=0.020], being female [${\beta}=1.8$; 95%CI: 0.61, 2.99; p value=0.003]), satisfaction score [${\beta}=0.08$; 95%CI: 0.06, 1.46; p value=0.035], presence of nausea or vomiting [${\beta}=2.3$; 95%CI: 1.12, 3.48; p value <0.001] and other side effects [${\beta}=1.45$; 95%CI: 0.24, 2.65; p value=0.019]. Adherence to capecitabine was generally high in our local population. Attention should be given to non-Malay males and patients having nausea, vomiting or other side effects. Sufficient information, proactive assessment and appropriate management of side effects would improve patient satisfaction and thus create motivation to adhere to treatment plans.

Identification of Genetic and Non-genetic Risk Factors for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in a Southeast Asian Population

Hashim, Nikman Adli Nor,Ramzi, Nurul Hanis,Velapasamy, Sharmila,Alex, Livy,Chahil, Jagdish Kaur,Lye, Say Hean,Munretnam, Khamsigan,Haron, Mohd Roslan,Ler, Lian Wee Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.12

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is endemic in Southern Chinese and Southeast Asian populations. Geographical and ethnic clustering of the cancer is due to genetic, environmental, and lifestyle risk factors. This case-control study aimed to identify or confirm both genetic and non-genetic risk factors for NPC in one of the endemic countries, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A panel of 768 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously associated with various cancers and known non-genetic risk factors for NPC were selected and analyzed for their associations with NPC in a case-control study. Results: Statistical analysis identified 40 SNPs associated with NPC risk in our population, including 5 documented previously by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and other case-control studies; the associations of the remaining 35 SNPs with NPC were novel. In addition, consistent with previous studies, exposure to occupational hazards, overconsumption of salt-cured foods, red meat, as well as low intake of fruits and vegetables were also associated with NPC risk. Conclusions: In short, this study confirmed and/or identified genetic, environmental and dietary risk factors associated with NPC susceptibility in a Southeast Asian population.

Enhancing Clustering Algorithm with Initial Centroids in Tool Wear Region Recognition

Nur Adilla kasim,M. Z. Nuawi,J. A. Ghani,Muhammad Rizal,N. A. Ngatiman,C. H. C. Haron 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.22 No.5

Autonomous manufacturing allows the system to distinguish between a mild, normal and total failure in tool condition. K-means clustering has become the most applied algorithm in discovering classes in an unsupervised scenario. Nevertheless, the algorithm is sensitive to the initial centroids giving various solution every time the system updating. Regular unsupervised K-means is refocused as semi-supervised Fixum K-means. It is embedded with a new tactic to recapture the K value and new initial seedings computation to kick off the system until it converges. Force components of cutting force F c , thrust force F t and perpendicular cutting force F cn were extracted from Neo-MoMac cutting force measurement device. The analysis threshold represents a natural-sorted input vector as Z -rot coefficient ( R Z ) corresponds to the number of cutting accomplish a strong correlation ( R 2 = 0.8511) over wear evolution. The clustering system adopted a new calculation of initial centroids has successfully determined the three regions for only a single assignment and achieving the optimal distance squared through eight given data sets. It is conflicting with the standard K-means that return different clustering structure in each run, while K-means + + replicates several times to achieve minimum objective function. During the course, F-Km delivered robust and consistence clustering results of 85% accuracy over standard K-means and four times converges faster than K-means + + . The silhouette value average score is 0.8504 (highest score is 0.9207) of how well-distributed the resulting clusters. The clustering system has identified the tool to stop cutting at approximate VB = 0.213 mm before the tool condition enters the failure region of abnormal phase ( VB < 0.250 mm ).s The proposed system functioned effectively in clustering the data obtained from cutting tests performed within a reasonable range of wear stages. Precision and robustness analysis have proved F-km to score 100% attainment for clustering assignment output and replicability. In contrast, K-means scored 76.3% for precision and ranging from 5 to 33% for robustness. Whereas, K-means + + scored 33% for robustness and a higher chance of time complexity compared to F-km. F-Km is found to be more accurate, time savvy and robust than standard K-means and K-means + + . Therefore, the method can be reliably used for observing tool wear state recognition without training and equivocate traditional direct tool wear.