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Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Vigilance, Attention, and Performance During Simulated Train Driving
Clara Theresia,Hardianto Iridiastadi,Gradiyan Budi Pratama 대한산업공학회 2021 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.20 No.1
Sleep deprivation has been cited as a major factor that plays an important role in many incidents in the transportation sector. Sleep-deprived train drivers is a fairly common phenomenon in Indonesia, with local reports indicating a good percentage of train drivers who are sleep deprived prior to work. The present study was aimed at quantifying the effects of sleep deprivation on alertness and performance during prolonged simulated train driving. A total of 12 subjects participated in this study and were asked to sleep for approximately 2 h (sleep deprived) and 8 h (normal sleep) the night before the experimental day. The experiment consisted of driving a train simulator for 4 h on a monotonous route. Fatigue and sleepiness were assessed using Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) and Sustained Attention Test (SAT), conducted before and after the driving simulation. Subjective levels of fatigue and sleepiness were determined using questionnaires, while driving performance was measured based on the number of speed-limit violations. Results of this study showed that two hours of sleep was characterized with an initial subjective fatigue and sleepiness measures that were up to two to three times greater than the normal sleep condition. This condition also resulted in poorer driving performance (75% increase in the number of speeding error). While the effects of sleep deprivations on the performance of train driving is probably obvious, the quantitative effects have not been addressed extensively in the literature. It is concluded in this study that the effects of excessive sleep deprivation on fatigue and sleepiness varies, depending on the measures used.
Ocular Indicators as Fatigue Detection Instruments for Indonesian Drivers
Maya Arlini Puspasari,Hardianto Iridiastadi,Iftikar Zahedi Sutalaksana,Ade Sjafruddin 대한산업공학회 2019 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.18 No.4
Fatigue is a well-known major cause of road accidents. Ocular indicators have been regarded as reliable indicators formeasuring fatigue. However, results from previous investigations remain unclear about the performance of ocular parameters to detect fatigue in a real-time driving condition. This study was aimed at evaluating performance of severalresponsive ocular measures to detect fatigue during a simulated driving task. Thirteen participants drove a mediumfidelity driving simulator continuously for 3 hours in high and low traffic density, after normal sleep duration (8 h)and sleep-deprived condition (4 h). Results from the present study showed that sleep deprivation substantially affectsblink duration, percentage of eye closure (PERCLOS), microsleep, slow eye movement (SEM), and saccadic parameters. Traffic density, however, only had moderate effect toward ocular parameters. Among all ocular indicators, blinkduration, PERCLOS, and saccadic PV demonstrated high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity to detect fatigue. Thepresent study suggests that blink duration has the highest performance to detect low-level fatigue and heavy fatigue,with a cut-off value of 285.17 ms and 512.31 ms, respectively, compared to other ocular indicators. The implicationsof this study are implementing a fatigue detection device based on blink duration, PERCLOS, and saccadic PV parameters.