http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Search for EeV protons of galactic origin
Abbasi, R.U.,Abe, M.,Abu-Zayyad, T.,Allen, M.,Azuma, R.,Barcikowski, E.,Belz, J.W.,Bergman, D.R.,Blake, S.A.,Cady, R.,Cheon, B.G.,Chiba, J.,Chikawa, M.,Fujii, T.,Fukushima, M.,Goto, T.,Hanlon, W.,Haya North-Holland 2017 Astroparticle physics Vol.86 No.-
<P>Cosmic rays in the energy range 10(18.0)-10(18.5) eV are thought to have a light, probably protonic, composition. To study their origin one can search for anisotropy in their arrival directions. Extragalactic cosmic rays should be isotropic, but galactic cosmic rays of this type should be seen mostly along the galactic plane, and there should be a shortage of events coming from directions near the galactic anticenter. This is due to the fact that, under the influence of the galactic magnetic field, the transition from ballistic to diffusive behavior is well advanced, and this qualitative picture persists over the whole energy range. Guided by models of the galactic magnetic field that indicate that the enhancement along the galactic plane should have a standard deviation of about 20 degrees in galactic latitude, and the deficit in the galactic anticenter direction should have a standard deviation of about 50 degrees in galactic longitude, we use the data of the Telescope Array surface detector in 10(18.0) to 10(18.5) eV energy range to search for these effects. The data are isotropic. Neither an enhancement along the galactic plane nor a deficit in the galactic anticenter direction is found. Using these data we place an upper limit on the fraction of EeV cosmic rays of galactic origin at 1.3% at 95% confidence level. Published by Elsevier B.V.</P>
Recent Asian origin of chytrid fungi causing global amphibian declines
O’Hanlon, Simon J.,Rieux, Adrien,Farrer, Rhys A.,Rosa, Goncalo M.,Waldman, Bruce,Bataille, Arnaud,Kosch, Tiffany A.,Murray, Kris A.,Brankovics, Balá,zs,Fumagalli, Matteo,Martin, Michael D.,Wales American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2018 Science Vol.360 No.6389
<P>Globalized infectious diseases are causing species declines worldwide, but their source often remains elusive. We used whole-genome sequencing to solve the spatiotemporal origins of themost devastating panzootic to date, caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, a proximate driver of global amphibian declines. We traced the source of B. dendrobatidis to the Korean peninsula, where one lineage, BdASIA-1, exhibits the genetic hallmarks of an ancestral population that seeded the panzootic. We date the emergence of this pathogen to the early 20th century, coinciding with the global expansion of commercial trade in amphibians, and we show that intercontinental transmission is ongoing. Our findings point to East Asia as a geographic hotspot for B. dendrobatidis biodiversity and the original source of these lineages that now parasitize amphibians worldwide.</P>
Vladimirova K.,Henninger C. E.,Alosaimi S. I.,Brydges T.,Choopani H.,Hanlon M.,Iran S.,McCormick H.,Zhou S. 한국마케팅과학회 2024 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.15 No.2
Growing in popularity, social media and related channels (e.g. Instagram, Twitter, and TikTok) are utilised as sources for sharing information with the power to influence consumers and drive social change. This has become critical for the fashion industry, as fashion/ textile consumption has recently been recognized for its devastating social and environmental impacts. This structured, systematic literature review explores who and in which ways can influence consumers on social media to engage with more sustainable fashion consumption practices. Based on an analysis of 92 research studies, the analysis findings indicate that most studies examined how brands can influence consumers via social media marketing strategies. Fewer studies have also addressed sustainable fashion discourse on social media more broadly, including promoting sustainable fashion consumption practices that are not related to brands’ marketing strategies and the role of social media as a tool for activism. Based on the review’s findings, the article outlines areas for future research.