소방구급대원의 응급처치 적절성 평가와 재교육 필요성

류석용,김원율,김경환,이상래,이경호,김홍용,이승한 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.2

Background: The prehospital emergency medical system(EMS) for 119 rescue has progressed considerably, but leaves much to be desired. To improve prehospital EMS, we need to evaluate prehospital patient care, and reeducation. Methods: The records of 1,882 patients, who visited Sanggye Paik Hospital Emergency Department via 119 rescue from April 1 to July 30, 1999, were analyzed according to the quality of patient care as documented by the 119 rescue protocol and database. Patients are grouped into 5 classes based on the quality of the care received. Class 1A received adequate care, class 1B received inadequate care, class 1C did not receive the necessary care, and class 2A received unnecessary care, class 2B did not receive unnecessary care. The results of such analyses are presented to the fireman at monthly meetings, thus reeducating them. Results: The overall results were 1027 cases in Class 1A(55%), 83 in 1B(4%), 149 in 1C(8%), 21 in 2A(1%), and 602 in 2B(32%). Well performed care(1A+2B) occured in 1629 cases(87%) and badly performed care(1B+1C+2A) occured in 253cases(13%). Well perfomed care gradually increased from April to July (April 83%, May 85%, June 87%, and July 89%). Conclusion: Meticulous appraisal of the quality of prehospital patient care and reeducation through the regular meetings of EMS physicians and firemen in each community is needed for developing a model protocol for indirect retrospective medical control of the prehospital EMS.

반도체 미립자를 함유한 Silica Glass의 제조 및 특성

류봉기,이승한,임재호 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 1998 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.55 No.-

본 연구에서는 Sol-Gel법을 이용하여 우수한 양자 사이즈 효과를 가진 ZnS를 함유한 실리카 유리를 제조하였다. 출발 물질로서 Si(OC₂H)₄와 Zn(CH₃COO)₂·2H₂O를 사용하여 무색 투명한 겔을 제조하였다. 얻어진 겔을 600℃에서 열처리를 하여 상온에서 H₂S gas와 반응시켜 유리 내에 ZnS 미세결정을 형성시켰다. ZnS 미립자의 밴드갭 에너지 3.71∼4.27eV였는데 이 값은 벌크상 ZnS의 밴드갭보다 약 0.1∼0.5eV 더 높은 수치를 나타내었다. ZnS 미세결정의 크기는 EMA(Effective Mass Approximation)에 의해 구하였는데, 이는 ZnO의 투여량과 H₂S gas와의 반응시간에 따라 변화하였다. ZnS 미세결정의 크기가 증가함에 따라, 광흡수단은 낮은 에너지영역으로 이동하였는데, 이 현상은 양자 사이즈 효과를 보여주고 있다. In this study, Sol-Gel process has been applied to make ZnS-doped silica glass having a significant quantum size effect. Si(OC₂H)₄ and Zn(CH₃COO)₂·2H?O were used to prepare transparent and colorless gels. These gels were heated at 600℃, then reacted with H₂S gas to form fine ZnS microcrystals in glasses. The opical band gap of the ZnS microcrystals was 3.71∼4.27eV, which was 0.1∼0.5eV higher than that of bulk ZnS crystal. The size of ZnS microcrystals calculated by EMA(Effective Mass Approximation) in glasses changed with ZnO concentration and H₂S gas reaction time. As the size of the ZnS microcrystal increased, the absorption edge of spectra shifted to the low-energy side, thus providing quantum size effect.

Wire Saw 슬러리로부터 Si, SiC 분리 및 제올라이트 합성에 대한 연구

한승열,이종대,박노국,이태진,류시옥 한국공업화학회 2004 응용화학 Vol.8 No.1

This study was focused on the separation of Si and from Wire Saw Slurry in Wire Saw Slicing process and synthesis of zeolite by mixing with water glass obtained from its process and Alumina. In order to separate Si and SiC from Wire Saw Slurry, Alkai disslution was used and then Na₂O showed superior dissoluble property of Si. At this time, SiC was separated as powder from Alkali apueous solution. Si was dissolved as a liquid in Alkali aqueous solution. After removing SiC powder, the powder formed was obtained from drying. Alkali aqueous solution and then it was the water glass (Na₂SiO₃)confirmed by XRD analysis. Water glass (Na₂SiO₃) and Alumina mixed with pure water made as a synthesis of zeolite through the crystallization by aging and hydrothermal reaction. The manufactured zeolite was Sodium Aluminum Silicate Hydrate confirmed by XRD analysis.

임신과 동반된 난소섬유난포막종 1례

류은석,김윤숙,전섭,김종수,최승도,선우재근,배동한,양승화 순천향의학연구소 2005 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.11 No.1

Fibrothecoma are mesenchymal tumors deriving from the ovarian stroma and consisting of theca-like elements and fibrous tissues. The reported incidence is between 0.4 and 8.0% of all ovarian tumors and this side variability can be attributed to the difficulty in differentiation fibrothecoma from ovarian fibroma or hyperplastic stroma nodules. We experienced a rare case of ovarian fibrothecoma in woman at 38 weeks gestation with previous repeat cesarean section diagnosed after tertiary cesarean delivery and bilateral tubal ligation with a brief review of literature.

韓國 自動車産業의 下請生産과 그 立地에 關한 硏究

柳承翰 동국지리학회 1989 東國地理 Vol.- No.10

A firm operates its economic activity through the complex interaction with other firms. Therefore, to understand modern industrial location, it is crucial that the whole process of locational decision-making is viewed in the context of the interdependence between a firm and its external environment. In this regard, this study examined structure of production subcontracting in the Korean automobile industry, focused on Hyun Dai Motors, Crop., having an interest in spatial interaction and locational pattern of the subcontractor. The results are summarized as follows; First, there is a tendency of the aggregate locational pattern that the subcontractor is located near the parent firm's production facility. However, it is difficult to demonstrate the tendency can apply to all of subcontractors. This study cissified subcontractors into several sub-groups based on their characteristics such as natures of products, scales of subcontracting, and investigated their locational patterns. As a result, each sub-group shows its own locational pattern; subcontractors which producing by press are more closely located to parent firm's production facility than subcontractors which produce electric devices; subcontractors with intense and large subcontracting linkage in scale are more closely located to parent firm's production facility than those small in scale of subcontracting. the spatial variations are due to natures of products, scales of subcontracting, purchasing strategy of parent firm, and historical inertia of auto-parts industry. Second, from the view-point of spatial arrangement of subcontractor, Hyun Dal's subcontractors have/have been concetrated around their parent firm's production site, UlSan. To explain this tendency, four types of industrial movement-new entry, closure, transfer, and establishment of branch plant - are examined and most of spatial concentration is proved to be a consequence of the last two types of movement. Finally, in terms of locational change of subcontractors, parent firm requires subcontractors to move from Ex-UlSan to UlSan and its adjacent region. By the movent of subcontractors to the parent firm's production facility, it is possible for parent firm to minimize inventory cost and to reduce production cost. On the contrary, subcontractors regard stablization of subcontracting relationship and technological assistance from the parent firm as major and important possible advantages. Nevertheless, the obstacles of movement from firm's internal and/or external environment made most subcontractors hardly move to UlSan and its adjacent region. Most crucial factors in these obstacles are identified uncertainity of relationship with the parent firm, small in subcontracting scale, enterpreneurer's personal factors, excessive land values and labor shortage.

Wire Saw 슬러리로부터 Si와 SiC의 선택적 회수

한승열,이종대,전진혁,박노국,이태진,류시옥 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 2004 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.32 No.1

This study was focused on the recovery of Si and SiC from wire saw slurry in wire saw slicing process. In order to separate Si and SiC from wire saw slurry, alkali dissolution method was used and then Na₂O showed superior dissolution property of Si. At this time, SiC was separated as powder from alkali aqueous solution. Si was dissolved as a liquid in alkali aqueous solution. After removing SiC powder, the powder was obtained by drying alkali aqueous solution and then it's XRD analysis showed that it was the water glass (Na₂SiO₃).

立地論에 있어 去來費用理論과 垂直統合에 關한 論議

柳承翰 동국지리학회 1990 東國地理 Vol.- No.11

The attempt of this study is to review transaction cost theory, and to identify its applicability to industrial geography. Transaction cost theory, elaborated by economist, Oliver Williamson following early work of Ronald coase, is an attempt to explain the origin and growth of firm by the comparative efficiency of two economic insitutions, 'market and hierarchy'. To understand vertical integration from the point of the theory, most important are three factors-bounded rationality, opportunism and asset specificity-since by the conjunction of them, classical contract is transformed into small number bargaining, which make 'market transaction' less efficient than 'internal production'. However, without any one of the three factors, the reason for vertical intergration will disappear. Like other industrial organization theories, its main emphasis is given to the firm's internal structure, and consequently, little is directly linked to spatial analysis. Nevertheless, considering spatial linkage as geographical expression of firm's market transaction, some concepts of the theory can provide valuable insights into the analysis of production system and its change. Among them, such factors as asset-specificity and opportunism are considered most useful to industrial geography. However industrial system is too complex to be analysed by only one theory, and some assumptions of the theory are far from the reality. Thus, other complementary theories are needed to explain more correctly our industrial system, and among them 'strategic behavior theory' seems to be crucial for more realistic approach to firm's behavior, though not explicitly discussed here.

Phosphate 유리들의 구조-물성-조성 상관에 대한 연구

류봉기,이승한,이병철 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 1998 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.55 No.-

P₂O -Na₂O-MgO, P₂O-Na₂O 및 P₂O-MgO glass 계에서 조성에 따른 구조변화를 조사하기 위해 glass의 밀도와 물에 대한 안정성 그리고 Raman 과 적외선 흡수 스펙트럼이 측정되었다. 그 결과, P₂O가 60mol% 부근에서 밀도와 물에 대한 안정성의 급격한 증가를 나타내었다. 이러한 변화는 Mg²+ 이온을 중심으로 DBO(double-bonded oxygen)이 배위하면서 glass 구조의 강한 수축을 유발시켜 나타난 구조변화에 기인하는 것으로, Mg²+ 이온을 배위하고 있는 DBO은 이중결합의 성격을 잃어버리고, 다른 하나의 NBO(non-bridging oxygen)과 함께 공명을 일으킨다고 생각된다. Raman, infrared spectroscopy, dnesity, and water resistance in P₂O-Na₂O-MgO, P₂O-Na₂O and P₂O-MgO glass systems were measured to investigate the structural change depending on their composition. The density and water resistance showed an abrupt increase in the range of about 60mol% P₂O. These results can be explained by the structural changes owing to the strong shrinkage of glass network which is caused by the coordination of DBO(double-bonded oxygen) around Mg²+ cations i.e. it seems that the DBOs coordinating Mg²+ cations, losing their characteristics of double bonding, will resonate with other NBOs(non-bridging oxygen).

무선인터넷에서 멀티미디어 구현방안

류승의,한계섭 동아대학교 정보기술연구소 2003 情報技術硏究所論文誌 Vol.11 No.1

The populations of wireless mobile internet users are rapidly increasing now days. On Demanding of this technological trends, the needs of multimedia contents on the networks of wireless mobile internet systems are urqently required to realizing our own desires. According to the needs of our wireless mobile users for multimedia communications without any problem or any trouble on the wireless internet, this study shows to solve those problems for realizing some effective structuring method through wireless internet by using various multimedia contents more rapid communications.

장기 이식 환자에서 Voriconazole 과 Cyclosporine 또는 Tacrolimus의 상호작용

한혜원,김재연,송영천,김승은,유성길 한국병원약사회 2009 병원약사회지 Vol.26 No.1

Abstract: In organ transplant patients, the opportunity of fungi infections such as invasive aspergillosis increase by use of immunosuppresant drugs and voriconazole is recommended as primary treatment drug. When voriconazole is administered with cyclosporine(CsA) or tacrolimus(FK506), caution about increment of blood CsA or FK506 concentrations that caused by the change of CYP3A4 activity is required but few domestic cases of interaction were reported yet, The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of voriconazole on the blood CsA or FK506 concentrations in transplant recipients and the factors of recipients that have an effect on the results. 25 transplant recipients who were administered voriconazole with CsA or FK506 from January 1 of 2006 to August 17 of 2008 in Asan Medical Center were objects (12 patients on CsA coadministration arm - 9 males, 3 females; 41~62years;2 liver, 2 kidney, 3 bone marrow, 5 heart transplant recipients, and 13 on FK506 coadministration arm - 7 males, 6 females;26~65years; 10 liver, 2 kidney, 1 heart transplant recipients). Blood CsA or FK506 concentrations before and after coadministration of voriconazole, and maximum concentration in one month from the first day of coadministration were monitored retrospectively. In most cases CsA or FK506 were administered as recommended doses regardless of coadministration of voriconazole, and blood concentration increased from 239.42±126. 77ng/ml to maximum 411.92±225. 76ng/ml in CsA coadministration arm(p=0.003), and from 7.72±2.79ng/ml to maximum 19.16±9.35ng/ml in FK506 coadministration arm(p=0.003). Gender, age, and the kind of transplant organ did not affect to the change of blood concentration in both two arms. In consequences, administration of voriconazole could affect on the blood CsA or FK506 concentration, and in cases of administra tion of voriconazole in transplant recipients treated with CsA or FK506, close monitoring and dose adjustment is needed.