Reduction of d-lactate content in sauerkraut using starter cultures of recombinant Leuconostoc mesenteroides expressing the ldhL gene

Jin, Q.,Li, L.,Moon, J.S.,Cho, S.K.,Kim, Y.J.,Lee, S.J.,Han, N.S. Society for Bioscience and Bioengineering, Japan ; 2016 Journal of bioscience and bioengineering Vol.121 No.5

<P>The n-form of lactate, which causes metabolic stress upon excessive dietary intake, is mainly produced by Leuconostoc sp., the predominant species in sauerkraut. To shift the metabolic flux of D-lactate from pyruvate to L-lactate, we expressed the L-lactate dehydrogenase (ldhL) gene in Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 8293. The IdhL gene from Lactobacillus plantarum was introduced into L. mesenteroides using the shuttle vectors pLeuCM and pLeuCM42. To elevate the expression level of IdhL in L. mesenteroides, the nucleotides for pyruvate kinase promoter were fused to IdhL and cloned into above vectors to construct pLC18pkL and pLC42pkL. As results, introduction of pLC42pkL in L. mesenteroides significantly improved both L-LDH activity and L-lactate productivity during fermentation, decreasing the D-/L-lactate ratio. When used as a starter culture for sauerkraut fermentation, recombinant L. mesenteroides harboring pLC42pkL increased L-lactate concentration and decreased D-lactate concentration compared to the wild type strain. We newly developed a recombinant L. mesenteroides which has high L-lactate dehydrogenase activity and applied this strain to minimize the harmful effect of D-lactate during the sauerkraut fermentation. To the best of our knowledge, we demonstrate for the first time the effective use of recombinant Leuconostoc sp. for quality improvement of fermented foods. (C) 2015, The Society for Biotechnology, Japan. All rights reserved.</P>

Effects of the novel angiotensin II receptor type I antagonist, fimasartan on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury

Han, J.,Park, S.J.,Thu, V.T.,Lee, S.R.,Long, L.T.,Kim, H.K.,Kim, N.,Park, S.W.,Jeon, E.S.,Kim, E.J.,Yoon, C.H.,Cho, G.Y.,Choi, D.J. Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press 2013 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY Vol.168 No.3

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the cardioprotective effect of fimasartan, a newly developed angiotensin II receptor type I blocker (ARB), against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and to identify the mechanism by which it reduces mitochondrial damage. Methods: Fimasartan was administered intravenously to Sprague-Dawley rats (3mg/kg), cardiomyocytes (50μM), and H9c2 cells (50μM) before ischemia or hypoxia. Myocardial infarction (MI), echocardiograms, DNA fragmentation, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP in situ nick-end labeling, immunoblotting, oxygen consumption, confocal microscopic appearance, and L-type Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> current (I<SUB>Ca,L</SUB>) were then assessed. Results: Fimasartan pretreatment remarkably reduced the rate of MI and improved cardiac performance well after I/R (n=9/group). Fimasartan also reduced apoptotic cell death both in vivo and in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-treated H9c2 cells (n=5~8/group). H/R-induced mitochondrial O<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>-</SUP> production and collapse of membrane potential were markedly attenuated in fimasartan-treated cardiomyocytes (n=4~6/group). Additionally, mitochondrial Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> overload during reoxygenation was suppressed by fimasartan (n=4~6/group), and this was found to be possibly related to the inhibition of I<SUB>Ca,L</SUB> and mitochondrial Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> uniporter. Furthermore, fimasartan pretreatment increased phosphorylations of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (n=5~7/group), decreased pro-apoptotic p53 levels, and increased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 levels (n=4) during reperfusion. Conclusions: Fimasartan preconditioning has the potential to modulate Bcl-2 and suppress I/R-induced Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> overload by inhibiting I<SUB>Ca,L</SUB> and MCU. These beneficial effects could prevent the mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis accompanied by I/R.

초정밀 평면 X-Y 스테이지의 시뮬레이션 및 제어성능 평가

곽이구,김재열,한재호,김영석,안재신,노기웅 한국공작기계학회 2002 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2002 No.-

In this study, actuator, sensor, guide, power transmission element and control method are considered for ultra-precision positioning apparatus. Through previous process, single plane X-Y stage with ultra-precision positioning is manufactured. Global stage for the purpose of materialization with robust system, is combined by using AC servo motor and ball screw and rolling guide. And ultra-precision positioning system is developed by micro stage with elastic hinge type and piezo element. global servo and micro servo for the purpose of materialization positioning accuracy with nm(nanometer) are controlled simultaneously by using incremental encoder and laser interferometer as displacement measurement sensor. Through previous process, ultra-precision positioning system (100mm stroke and ±10nm positioning accuracy) with single plane X-Y stage are materialized.

Elimination of the cryptic plasmid in Leuconostoc citreum by CRISPR/Cas9 system

Jang, Y.J.,Seo, S.O.,Kim, S.A.,Li, L.,Kim, T.J.,Kim, S.C.,Jin, Y.S.,Han, N.S. Elsevier Science Publishers 2017 Journal of biotechnology Vol.251 No.-

<P>Leuconostoc spp. are important lactic acid bacteria for the fermentation of foods. In particular, L. citreum strains isolated from various foods have been used as host strains for genetic and metabolic engineering studies. In order to develop a food-grade genetic engineering system, L. citreum CB2567 was isolated from Kimchi. However, the isolated bacterium contained a cryptic plasmid which was difficult to eliminate. As the existence of the plasmid might hinder strain engineering, we eliminated the plasmid using an RNA-guided DNA endonuclease CRISPR/Cas9 system. We demonstrated that a plasmid-free L. citreum CB2567 host strain could be efficiently constructed through a two-step procedure: 1) transformation of the 'killer' plasmid expressing Cas9 endonuclease and a guide RNA (gRNA) targeting for a specific sequence in the cryptic plasmid, and 2) serial subculture without antibiotics for curing the killer plasmid. When the crude extract of L. citreum expressing Cas9 and the guide RNA was incubated with a PCR fragment containing the specific sequence recognized by the guide RNA, the PCR fragment was cleaved. Also, the cryptic plasmid pCB42 was successfully eliminated from the host strain after transforming the plasmid harboring Cas9 and the guide RNA. The Cas9 and gRNA expression plasmid used in this study can be applied for genome engineering purposes by additionally introducing an editing DNA template to repair the double strand DNA breakage caused by Cas9 in the genome of L. citreum. This study demonstrates the feasibility of developing CRISPR/Cas9-based genetic engineering tools to develop a safe host strain and construct food-grade lactic acid bacteria without residual antibiotic markers.</P>

Physics-based integrated modeling of the energy confinement time scaling laws for the H- and L-modes in the KSTAR-type tokamak model

Kim, J.Y.,Han, H.S.,Terzolo, L. International Atomic Energy Agency 2017 Nuclear fusion Vol.57 No.7

<P>In an effort to clarify the physics origin of the energy confinement time scaling law in H-mode plasmas, a new analysis method is first proposed where the stored energy is separated into two parts—one coming from the marginal stability with the pedestal boundary condition and the other related to the turbulent dynamics. The method is then applied for the analysis of the global scaling law, as initial examples, focusing on the four parameters of plasma current, input power, magnetic field and density in the KSTAR-type tokamak model. It is shown that the method can provide more quantitative and explicit information on how various physics elements, such as the linear stability, nonlinear turbulent dynamics and pedestal boundary, contribute to the global scaling factor. While this method is not directly applicable, the L-mode is also considered for comparison, trying to clarify how a difference in the scaling law can occur between the H- and L-modes.</P>

Tetrahydropteridine deficiency impairs mitochondrial function in Dictyostelium discoideum Ax2

Kim, H.L.,Choi, Y.K.,Kim, D.H.,Park, S.O.,Han, J.,Park, Y.S. North-Holland Pub ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2007 FEBS letters Vol.581 No.28

A putative cellular function of tetrahydropteridines (l-erythro-tetrahydrobiopterin and d-threo-tetrahydrobiopterin) was investigated in Dictyostelium discoideum Ax2 using a mutant disrupted in the gene encoding sepiapterin reductase (SR). The SR mutant, which produces about 3% of tetrahydropteridines if compared to wild-type, was elucidated to have several functional defects related to mitochondria and oxidative stress: retarded growth, poor spore viability, impaired mitochondrial function, and increased susceptibility to oxidative stress induced by hydroxylamine or cumene-hydroperoxide. However, the physiological defects were almost completely rescued by extrachromosomal expression of Dictyostelium SR. The results strongly suggested that tetrahydropteridines in Dictyostelium are associated with mitochondrial function, probably via direct protection against oxidative stress.

여대생의 인유두종 바이러스 및 인유두종 바이러스 백신 관련 지식과 예방접종 실태와의 상관관계

Xu, Meiling,김현지,이희수,이윤지,한동연,박소영,엄효윤,최정민,홍서진,홍예림,이경은,이혜림 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2017 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.51

Purpose: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is readily available, but immunization rate is minimal. Lack of knowledge concerning the HPV infection and vaccine is expected as the primary reason. The correlation between knowledge levels and vaccination will provide applicable guidelines for successful interventions. Method: 309 female university students have completed surveys September 2016, reporting of HPV infection knowledge, HPV vaccine knowledge, source of knowledge, and attitudes concerning vaccination. Result: HPV infection and vaccine knowledge levels were both suboptimal(9.57±1.84, 7.59±1.58), and the Internet(16.2%) was recognized as the most generally used means of obtaining information on the HPV vaccine. However, vaccination rates were reported to be low(28.2%), with lack of information(46.6%) hindering immunization. Correlations were found between HPV infection knowledge and cervical cancer insight, but the correlations between knowledge levels and vaccination rates were insignificant. Conclusion: Prior information on cervical cancer had an effect on the knowledge levels of HPV infection, but other factors were insignificant. Lack of information on the HPV vaccine was speculated, thus programs should focus on accessibility and effectiveness.

Association mapping of salinity and alkalinity tolerance in improved japonica rice (Oryza sativa L. subsp. japonica Kato) germplasm

Cui, D.,Xu, C. y.,Yang, C. g.,Zhang, Q. x.,Zhang, J. g.,Ma, X. d.,Qiao, Y. l.,Cao, G. l.,Zhang, S. y.,Han, L. z. Springer Science + Business Media 2015 Genetic resources and crop evolution Vol.62 No.4

L-Deprenyl exerts cytotoxicity towards acute myeloid leukemia through inhibition of mitochondrial respiration

Ryu, I.,Ryu, M. J.,Han, J.,Kim, S. J.,Lee, M. J.,Ju, X.,Yoo, B. H.,Lee, Y. L.,Jang, Y.,Song, I.-C. Spandidos Publications 2018 Oncology reports Vol.40 No.6

의과대학 학생의료 봉사를 위한 농촌지역 사회 진단 : 충청남도 금산군 군북면 Gun-Buk Myun, Gm-San Gun, Chung-Cheong-Nam Do

김주리,조경숙,천경아,최윤숙,한기정 이화여자대학교 의과대학 1987 梨花醫學誌 Vol.- No.19

A study on environmental sanitation and health status was made so as to be able to plan for effective medical student health service in a Korean rural community, Gun-Buk Myun. For the study, total 252 households of five Ries out of seventeen Ries were Sampled and an interview using family record and questionnair was carried out for each household by 6 medical students from July, 28 to August, 4, 1986. And following results were obtained: 1) Population of five Ries was 1m328 ; male, 701 and female, 627. sex ratio : 111.8 2) Family size : The average household consist of 5.3 persons. 3) Dependency rate : 58.0% Environmental sanitation: 1) The source of drinking water water distribution system : 42.7% well pump : 50.4% spring water : 7.9% 2) The kind of using privy pit-privy : 91.3% openair privy : 8.7% 3) Distance between well and using privy. more than 10m : 44.0% 5-9m : 43.7% less than 5m : 12.3% Status of chronic illness: 1) Morbidity rate : 170.2 per 1,000 population 2) Usual causes of illness Disease of the musculoskeletal system : 28.8% Disease of the Nervous system and sense organs : 24.3% Disease of the Digestive system : 21.7% Disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissue : 8.9% Maternal & Child Health: 1) Prenatal care rate : 27.8% 2) Delivery rate in medical facilities : 12.5% 3) Vaccination rate Poliomyelitis : 85.0% Measles : 70.0% 4) Weaning experience rate : 11.0% Family planning 1) Family planning pratice rate : 52.8% 2) Used methods Sterilization : 38.9% (Male 1.4%, Female 37.5%) I.U.D. : 4.1% Oral pill : 6.9% Others : 2.8% Intoxication of pestiside 1) utilization rate of pestiside : 65.1% 2) intoxication rate due to pestiside : 21.3%