제2형 당뇨병 외래 환자의 비만도에 따른 미세혈관합병증

이성규,조남한,김현만,이관우,정윤석,채봉남,김윤정,이미덕,노혜림,홍은경,조현경 대한당뇨병학회 2000 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.24 No.1

Background: Korean type 2 diabetic patients who are frequently non-obese, may be genetically different from Western type 2 diabetics who are frequently obese. Therefore, the diabetic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korea may be also different from those of Western countries. Until now, most studies reported in Korea did not analyse the microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus according to obesity, and also the criteria in the diagnosis of microvascular complications were different in each study. We investigated the microvascular complications and its relationship with obesity, in type 2 diabetic patients visiting an outpatient clinic. Methods: The study subjects were type 2 diabetic patients visiting an outpatient clinic of Ajou University Hospital. We selected patients participating in a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, retrospectively. Type 2 diabetes was diagnosed according to the WHO/NDDG classification of diabetes. Biochemical studies including lipid profile, plasma insulin and C-peptide levels were done. Anthropometric measurements were performed. Based on BMI (㎏/㎡), the patients were divided into the following groups: the lean group, when the BMI was less than 20 ㎏/㎡ the ideal body weight (IBW) group, if the BMI was between 20 ㎏/㎡ and 25 ㎏/㎡ in women and 20 ㎏/㎡ and 27 ㎏/㎡ in men; and the obese group, when the BMI was $gt;25 ㎏/㎡ in women and $gt;27 ㎏/㎡ in men. Results: 1. Neuropathy (45.2%) was the most frequent among the microvascular complications, and the frequency of retinopathy was 15.1%, and that of nephropathy was 4.9%. Within 5 years of diabetes duration, the frequency of neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy was 43.2%, 11.8%, and 2.9%, respectively. 2. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA_(1c)) and fasting blood glucose levels were not different among the three groups. Beta cell function{Δ (insulin 30min - insulin Omin)/Δ(glucose 30min - glucose 0min)} was the highest in the obese group. However, beta cell function(ΔI/ΔG) divided by the basal insulin level, considered insulin resistance, was not different among the three groups. 3. Within 5 years of diabetes duration, retinopathy tended to be the most frequent in the lean group, whereas neuropathy tended to be the most frequent in the obese group, and body mass index influenced the retinopathy and neuropathy, statistically significantly. Conclusion: Diabetic neuropathy was the most frequent among microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in our study subjects. At the time of presentation within 5 years of diabetes duration, the lean group of type 2 diabetics had a tendency of the more frequent retinopathy, the obese group had a tendency of the more frequent neuropathy. These results suggest that type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korea is also not a single disease entity, as in Western countries and is a heterogenous group of disorders with a diversity of microvascular complications. However, the more studies about this will be required.

In vitro에서 B-glucan성 다당류들에 의해 활성화된 흰쥐 간내 Kupffer 세포에서의 NO, TNF-a 및 TGF-3의 형성

한만덕, 이은숙 김천대학교 1997 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.18 No.-

Various B-glucans were evaluated for its ability to formation of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) and transforming growth factor(TGF-B) from rat kupffer cell in vitro. Hepatic macrophages activated by glucan did not significantly elevated concentration of TGF-B in the medium, but significantly elevated NO and TNF-a concentration in culture medium. Comparing the activity using structurally related glucans obtained from microorganisms, highly branched glucans, Ganoderan isolated from G. lucidum IY009 and zymosan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, significantly increased TNF-a and NO production Ganoderan(GAN), a particulate 8-1.3-polyglucose immunomodulator from fungal mycelium, enhances 4-fold production of NO and 19-fold formation of TNF compared to control. The GAN-activated kupffer cells secrete 14.94M/C(p<0.01) of NO and 2619.5 pg/ml (p<0.01) of TNF-a after 38 hrs. Large molecular weight GAN(approximately 10Kd-20Kd) prepared by NaOH extraction method showed stronger stimulating effect. These facts suggested the glucans showed stimulating effect of TNF-a and NO production from kupffer cell in vitro that this effect was related to the degree of branching and molecular weight. The results suggest that B-glucan related-polysaccharide may be of value in combination with other therapies in the treatment of immunodeficiencies, cancer, infections, autoimmune disease and hepatic disease.

영지버섯(Ganoderma lucidum)의 균사체 생산에 관하여

한만덕,이권행,윤경하 순천향대학교 1992 논문집 Vol.15 No.3

약효가 다양한 영지버섯의 균사체 생산에 최적인 배지를 조성코저 몇가지 실험을 통하여 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.영지버섯을 2% soluble starch, 0.5% yeast extract, 0.5% KH₂PO₄, 0.01% MgSO₄.7H₂O그리고 0.001% K₂HPO₄로 조성한 배지에서 27℃로 7인간 진탕배양(120 rpm)했을때 16.38mg/ml로 최대의 균사체를 얻었다. 2.최적 배지내에서 균주의 배양 4일까지는 탄수화물을 서서히 감소하고, 환원당을 급격히 증가하였다. 그러나 배양4일 이후부터는 탄수화물과 환원당 모두 급격히 감소하였다. 3.최적 배지내에서 pH는 초기에 5.5에서 배양 3일째에 4.0으로 떨어져 배양 7일까지 지속되었다. In order to increase the mycelial production of Ganodermalucidum which exhibits various phamacological effects on mammalian, some ingredients of medium were investigated. 1.The effective culture medium for the mycelial production by the culture contained 2% soluble starch, 0.5% yeast extract, 0.5% KH₂PO₄, 0.01% MgSO₄.7H₂O and 0.001% K₂HPO₄ 2.The maximum yield of the mycelium of the culture was 16.38mg/ml when it was grown in the effective medium with rotary shaking (120 rpm) at 27℃ for 7 days. 3.During the culture of the strain in the effective medium, total carbohydrate in medium was decreased with the culture time but reducing sugar rapidly increased by the three days of culture time; it was decreased three days later. 4.The pH in the effective medium was decreased from 5.5 at the initial culture time to 4.0 on the third day but was maintained till the seventh day since then.

인간의 혈장아포지단백 A-I에 특이성을 지닌 단일클론항체 A-I30의 light chain의 가변부위를 coding하는 cDNA의 클로님

이상한,우기민,조만희,장예진,김창세,김정경 순천향의학연구소 1997 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.3 No.2

I prepared a monoclonal antibody (mAb) A-l30 to HDL apolipoprotein A-l with the ultimate goals of expressing the valuable immunodiagnostic single-chain Fv (scFv) in Escherichia coli. The binding specificity of mAb A-l30 was determined by Western blot analysis. From the hybridoma cell line secreting mAb A-l30, poly(A)+ RNA was prepared and used as a template for cDNA synthesis and cloning. The nucleotide sequence analyses revealed that the variable regions of the heavy and light chains were members of mouse heavy chain subgroup ⅡA and κ light chain subgroup Ⅱ, respectively. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences with mouse immunoglobulin genes listed in the GenBank data base showed that the cDNAs have not been previously reported.

β-Carotene 이 혈중 효소활성도에 미치는 영향

이상한,우기민,조만희,장예진,김창세,김현철 순천향의학연구소 1997 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.3 No.2

This study was carried out in order to observe the effects of ethanol and β-carotene on the cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities. The normal white S.D rats were classified into 4 group: 0.9% NaCl administration and 20% ethanol administration were referred to as group A, 20% ethanol and 50% β-carotene mixture administration was group B and 50% β-carotene administration was group C for the 30 day-feeding experiment. The results were obtained as following: 1. The blood lipid concentration was most highly increased in group A, was almost normal in group B, but significantly decreased in goup C. 2. The blood antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly decreased in group A, but significantly increased in goup B and C. 3. The blood β-carotene concentration were significantly decreased in group A, and slightly decreased in group B. Surprisingly it was increased in group C.

連繫된 電力系統에서의 最適負荷 周波數 制御

韓萬春,申明澈,張成煥,李基西 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1979 논문집 Vol.11 No.1

A linear state equation of the first order differential form relating the load-frequency dynamic characteristics of interconnected power systems was derived for use in computer simulations. A new solution of the algebraic matrix Riccati equation for applications in quadratic optimal controllors and least-square state estimators determination was developed. The program for a dynamic state equation for two interconnected control areas was developed. The optimized load-frequency deviation was analysed and a numerical analysis was tried based on the computer simulation. It was shown that the dynamic response of the load-frequency could be optimized with the weighting factors R and Q The result was that the load-frequency and the tie-line deviation were visibly reduced.

구순-구개열 환아에 발생한 신생아치의 증례 보고

한만욱,이종건 大韓成形外科學會 1999 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.26 No.3

The teeth present at birth are called natal teeth, while the teeth that appear within the first thirty days following birth are called neonatal teeth. Approximately one in 2,000 to 3,500 infants experiences the eruption of teeth at birth or within the first few weeks postpartum. Many contributing factors have been suggested for the premature eruption of primary teeth. It has been suggested that upon eruption these teeth are of normal structure according to their developmental age, but after eruption, lateral movement in the cervical area leads to disturbance of the dentin and premature degeneration of Hertwig's root sheath. In most cases, they have immature, aborted structures consisting only of caps of enamel, dentin, or a combination of both. A radiograph can show the presence or absence of enamel, dentin, or root structures, as well as supernumerary teeth. These teeth may be aspirated or swallowed during feeding. Discomfort from mobile and erupting teeth often causes the infant to refuse to feed. In addition, a nursing mother's nipples may become lacerated and infected. Extraction is the indicated treatment if these neonatal teeth cause discomfort or demonstrate mobility or incomplete, immature development. Treatment decisions must be made on an individual basis from both clinical and radiographic findings. We report four cases of neonatal teeth in complete cleft lip and palate patients.

알코홀이 r-GTP 활성에 미치는 인삼의 영향

이상한,조만희,신경현,김창세 순천향대학교 1989 논문집 Vol.12 No.3

This study was carried out to investigate the effects on the changes of the r-glutamyl transpeptidase activity of ethanol-administered white rats. There was classified into group; ethanol treated group(group A), ethanol treated group which was pretreated with ginseng extract(group B), ginseng extract treated group(group C), and ginseng extract treated group which was pretreated with ethanol(group D). White rats of four groups were treated with combined 1% ginseng extract and / or 20% ethanol for 30 days, and were measured the changes of r-GTP activity on the serum, hepatic and renal tissue sample collected at 5 days interval. Following results have been obtained. 1. The changes of serum r-GTP activity were significantly decreased in ethanol treated group B which was pretreated with ginseng extract than in ethanol treated group A. The values were highly significant at the 20th day of feeding. 2. The changes of hepatic r-GTP activity were more increased in group A and decreased in group D. The values were found significantly lowest in 10th and highest in 5th days. 3. The changes of renal r-GTP activity were more increased in group A and decreased in group D. The values were significantly highest in 10th and lowest in 20th days. Based on these results it was found that the changes of r-GTP activity between serum and hepato-renal tissue were exist and the protective action of ginseng against alcohol degradative effects was noted.

대두 식이섬유를 이용한 특수 영양식품의 유효성 평가

한재흠,이균희,손현수,이윤복,박점선,오만진 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2008 농업과학연구 Vol.35 No.1

In the development of enteral foods for the patients with diarrhea, soybean hull, by-products of soybean processing, was used to prepare crude dietary fiber extracts (soybean hull fiber, SHF). Total dietary fiber content of SHF is 85% and their composition are 86.1% cellulose, 8.1% hemi-cellulose, and 4.7% lignin. The effects of SHF on the prevention of diarrhea were studied in animal. Spraque-Dawley (SD) rats were fed AIN93G diets containing 5% dietary fiber for 3days simultaneously inducing diarrhea with the phenolphthalein Mg citrate solution. On day 4, feces were collected at different time point. Dietary fibers used for the animal study were SHF, soybean cotyledon fiber (SCF), psyllium husk fiber (PHF), and chicory fiber (CF). α-cellulose was used as a control. Body weight gain, calorie consumed and food efficiency ratio among the experimental groups were not different. However, water content in the feces of SHF group was significantly lower by 10%, compared with other groups at 24hrs. time point. This effect was even greater in the feces collected later than 24 hrs. time point. SHF seems to have a greater effects on slow the symptom of diarrhea. Based on the previous results, enteral food enriched with SHF were prepared and its effect was compared with other commercially available products from domestic or imported ones. Weight changes among experimental groups were not different, but the moisture content of feces consumed SHF enriched products were lower than that of other products. Approximately 10% decrease in water content was observed from feces collected at 24 hr time point. According to the sensory evaluation, overall acceptability of the enteral food enriched with SHF was 3.24 out of 5 indicating that taste of this product is acceptable. 대두가공에 부산물로부터 얻어지는 대두 식이섬유를 이용하여 설사환자를 위한 경장 영양 식이를 개발하기 위하여 쥐에게 투여한 후 체중증가율, 변의 수분감소, 사료효율 등을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 대두피 중의 식이섬유함량은 85% 이었고 cellulose 가장 높았으며 hemi-cellulose, lignin의 순 이었다. 대두 식이섬유가 대조구에 비하여 체중 감소율은 약간 낮았고 사료효율은 약간 높았다. 대두 식이섬유를 섭취시킨 쥐가 치커리 식이섬유, 차전자 피에 비하여 24시간 후의 변의 수분함량은 10% 낮았다. 대두 식이섬유를 첨가한 경장영양식이로 사육한 쥐의 체중변화와 사료효율은 3제품 간에 차이가 없었으나 다른 하나의제품은 대조군에 비하여 낮았다. 대두 식이섬유를 이용하여 가공한 경장영양식이 다른 상업용 제품에 비하여 실험쥐의 변 수분함량은 10% 이상 낮았다.

페나진 유도체의 합성과 항균성 : 7-치환-2,3-디히드록시페나진-5,10-디옥시드류의 합성 및 항균성 7-Substituted-2,3-dihydroxyphenazine-5,10-dioxides

이만길,김호식,한성욱 대구효성가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 1992 基礎科學硏究論集 Vol.1992 No.1

7-Substituted 2,3-dihydroxyphenazine 5, 10-dioxides were synthesized by the reaction of 1, 2, 4-trihydroxybenzene with 6-substituted benzofuroxan derivatives which had been obtained from aniline derivativies bearing methoxy, methyl, acetyl and nitro group at the para position. 2, 3-Dihydroxphenazine 5, 10-dioxide was also prepared by the reaction of 1, 2, 4-trihydroxybenzene with benzofuroxan. The antimicrobial activities of these phenazine dioxide were investigated in terms of minimum inhibitory concentration by the common twofold dilution technique. It was observed that the antimicrobial activity of the phenazine dioxides bearing electron releasing substituents was stronger than that of those bearing electron withdrawing substitutents. From this result, it was concluded that the antimicrobial activity of phenazine dioxide derivatives has a direct relationship with the electronic effect of the substituents.