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On pandemics and pivots: a COVID-19 reflection on envisioning the future of medical education
Heeyoung Han,Amy Clithero-Eridon,Manuel Joã,o Costa,Caitriona A. Dennis,J. Kevin Dorsey,Kulsoom Ghias,Alex Hopkins,Kauser Jabeen,Debra Klamen,Sophia Matos,John D. Mellinger,Harm Peters,Suzanne Pitama 한국의학교육학회 2021 Korean journal of medical education Vol.33 No.4
The required adjustments precipitated by the coronavirus disease 2019 crisis have been challenging, but also represent a critical opportunity for the evolution and potential disruptive and constructive change of medical education. Given that the format of medical education is not fixed, but malleable and in fact must be adaptable to societal needs through ongoing reflexivity, we find ourselves in a potentially transformative learning phase for the field. An Association for Medical Education in Europe ASPIRE Academy group of 18 medical educators from seven countries was formed to consider this opportunity, and identified critical questions for collective reflection on current medical education practices and assumptions, with the attendant challenge to envision the future of medical education. This was achieved through online discussion as well as asynchronous collective reflections by group members. Four major themes and related conclusions arose from this conversation: Why we teach: the humanitarian mission of medicine should be reinforced; what we teach: disaster management, social accountability and embracing an environment of complexity and uncertainty should be the core; how we teach: open pathways to lean medical education and learning by developing learners embedded in a community context; and whom we teach: those willing to take professional responsibility. These collective reflections provide neither fully matured digests of the challenges of our field, nor comprehensive solutions; rather they are offered as a starting point for medical schools to consider as we seek to harness the learning opportunities stimulated by the pandemic.
Heeyoung Yoon(윤희영),Haejoo Han(한혜주),Kyoungmi Lee(이경미) 한국마케팅학회 2020 마케팅연구 Vol.35 No.2
미래에 대한 불안감은 목표 지향적인 행동과 연관이 있을 뿐 아니라, 인생에서 발생하는 다양한 사건들에 대한 불확실성과 예측 불가능함에 대한 걱정을 내포하고 있다. 본 연구는 미래에 대한 불안감이 개인으로 하여금 사회적 관계에 대한 도구적인 가치 인식을 증가시킬 수 있음을 제안한다. 구체적으로, 개인이 자신의 미래에 대해 불안감을 많이 느낄 수록, 이들은 자신이 인적 관계에서 획득할 수 있는 도구적이고 수단적인 도움에 대한 가치가 더 높다고 인지할 수 있고, 결과적으로 새로운 사람들을 만날 수 있는 기회를 제공하는 경험에 대해 보다 긍정적인 태도를 보인다. 본 연구는 미래에 대한 불안감이 소비자들로 하여금 사회적 관계를 향후에 발생할 수 있는 일들에 대비하기위한 수단으로서 볼 수 있게 함으로서, 결과적으로 소비자들이 고립되기보다 서로 모이게 할 수 있음을 보여 주는 최초의 연구이다. This research suggests that future anxiety heightens the perceived instrumental value of social relationships. As individuals feel more anxious about their future, their appreciation for the instrumental support from a relationship intensifies, and they are likely to show more positive attitudes toward an experience that provides an opportunity to meet new people. The current investigation is the first to show that people’s future anxiety can pull them together (rather than isolate them) by making people view social ties as a means of preparing for the future. Indeed, future anxiety is not only related to goal-directed behaviors, but also inevitably entails concerns about uncertainty and unpredictability regarding life events.
Han, Sang Hoon,Pandey, Ashok Kumar,Lee, Heeyoung,Kim, Saegun,Kang, Dahye,Jung, Young Hoon,Kim, Hyung Sik,Hong, Sungwoo,Kim, In Su The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Organic chemistry frontiers Vol.5 No.22
<P>The efficient synthesis of 2-naphthols is important for their further development as bioactive compounds and chiral ligands as well as other synthetic purposes. Herein, we describe the unprecedented one-pot synthesis of 2-naphthols through an acid-mediated decarboxylative N-O bond cleavage of bridged benzoxazepine intermediates, which were in turn generated from aryl nitrones and Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) adducts under cationic rhodium(iii) catalysis. A range of 2-naphthol derivatives including anthracen-2-ol, phenanthren-2-ol, and 11<I>H</I>-benzo[<I>b</I>]fluoren-7-ol were formed with excellent site selectivities and functional group compatibilities. To gain mechanistic insight into this process, a series of mechanistic investigations and DFT calculations were also performed.</P>
Growth kinetics of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> on Brie and Camembert cheeses
Lee, Heeyoung,Kim, Kyungmi,Lee, Soomin,Han, Minkyung,Yoon, Yohan Cambridge University Press 2014 The Journal of dairy research Vol.81 No.2
<P>In this study, we developed mathematical models to describe the growth kinetics of <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> on natural cheeses. A five-strain mixture of <I>Staph. aureus</I> was inoculated onto 15 g of Brie and Camembert cheeses at 4 log CFU/g. The samples were then stored at 4, 10, 15, 25, and 30 °C for 2-60 d, with a different storage time being used for each temperature. Total bacterial and <I>Staph. aureus</I> cells were enumerated on tryptic soy agar and mannitol salt agar, respectively. The Baranyi model was fitted to the growth data of <I>Staph. aureus</I> to calculate kinetic parameters such as the maximum growth rate in log CFU units (<I>r</I>max; log CFU/g/h) and the lag phase duration (λ; h). The effects of temperature on the square root of <I>r</I>max and on the natural logarithm of λ were modelled in the second stage (secondary model). Independent experimental data (observed data) were compared with prediction and the respective root mean square error compared with the <I>RMSE</I> of the fit on the original data, as a measure of model performance. The total growth of bacteria was observed at 10, 15, 25, and 30 °C on both cheeses. The <I>r</I>max values increased with storage temperature (<I>P</I><0·05), but a significant effect of storage temperature on λ values was only observed between 4 and 15 °C (<I>P</I><0·05). The square root model and linear equation were found to be appropriate for description of the effect of storage temperature on growth kinetics (<I>R</I><SUP>2</SUP>=0·894-0·983). Our results indicate that the models developed in this study should be useful for describing the growth kinetics of <I>Staph. aureus</I> on Brie and Camembert cheeses.</P>
전문직 간 교육의 의미와 방향: 담을 허물고 환자가 속한 현장으로 나가는 교육
한희영,Han, Heeyoung 연세대학교 의과대학 2017 의학교육논단 Vol.19 No.1
For the last half-century, interprofessional education (IPE) has been identified and discussed as a critical educational process to facilitate collaboration in order to improve healthcare outcomes for healthcare participants. While the concept is not new, outcome-based research has provided few valid and reliable explanations of whether and how IPE can be effective in healthcare quality improvement. This challenge stems from the struggle to understand the epistemological meaning of IPE. The purpose of this literature review paper is to provide a synthesized understanding of IPE, its meaning, and to provide practical guidance for medical educators. The paper reviewed several key aspects of IPE. Professionalility was discussed to understand the historical background of IPE, followed by an explanation of the international trend of embracing the complexity of health care practice and the need for interprofessional collaboration. Additionally, several theoretical perspectives, such as general systems theory, social identity theory, and community of practice were reviewed to pinpoint what constitutes IPE. Several existing definitions were discussed with similar concepts (i.e., disciplinary vs. professional, and multi-, inter-, vs. trans-) to clarify the nature of knowledge and collaboration in IPE. Three concepts, including practice, authenticity of context, and socialization were proposed as key constructs of IPE, followed by appropriate timing of IPE, outcome research, directions for future research, and guidance for implementation. Community-based medical education practice, professional socialization within a community, and longitudinal system-based outcome research are recommended as future directions for research and practice.