Pressure and temperature dependence of the decomposition pathway of LiBH₄

Yan, Yigang,Remhof, Arndt,Hwang, Son-Jong,Li, Hai-Wen,Mauron, Philippe,Orimo, Shin-ichi,Zü,ttel, Andreas The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.14 No.18

<P>The decomposition pathway is crucial for the applicability of LiBH<SUB>4</SUB> as a hydrogen storage material. We discuss and compare the different decomposition pathways of LiBH<SUB>4</SUB> according to the thermodynamic parameters and show the experimental ways to realize them. Two pathways, <I>i.e.</I> the direct decomposition into boron and the decomposition <I>via</I> Li<SUB>2</SUB>B<SUB>12</SUB>H<SUB>12</SUB>, were realized under appropriate conditions, respectively. By applying a H<SUB>2</SUB> pressure of 50 bar at 873 K or 10 bar at 700 K, LiBH<SUB>4</SUB> is forced to decompose into Li<SUB>2</SUB>B<SUB>12</SUB>H<SUB>12</SUB>. In a lower pressure range of 0.1 to 10 bar at 873 K and 800 K, the concurrence of both decomposition pathways is observed. Raman spectroscopy and <SUP>11</SUP>B MAS NMR measurements confirm the formation of an intermediate Li<SUB>2</SUB>B<SUB>12</SUB>H<SUB>12</SUB> phase (mostly Li<SUB>2</SUB>B<SUB>12</SUB>H<SUB>12</SUB> adducts, such as dimers or trimers) and amorphous boron.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The thermodynamic properties of LiBH<SUB>4</SUB> and its possible decomposition products and intermediates allow flexibility in selection of the decomposition pathway by tuning the external parameters such as pressure and temperature. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2cp40131b'> </P>

플래시 변환 계층에서 시간적 지역성을 이용하여 쓰기 요청을 처리하는 효율적인 페이지 레벨 매핑 알고리듬

이해룡(Hai-Long Li),황선영(Sun-Young Hwang) 한국통신학회 2016 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.41 No.10

Clinical implications of proliferation activity in T1 or T2 male gastric cancer patients

김영우,엄방울,Myeong-Cherl Kook,김한성,김미경,Hai-Li Hwang,Vishal Chandra,Shiv Poojan,송유라,고재수,배창대,노정실,홍경만 생화학분자생물학회 2015 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.47 No.-

Proliferation activity has already been established as a prognostic marker or as a marker for anticancer drug sensitivity. In gastric cancer, however, the prognostic significance of proliferation activity is still being debated. Several studies evaluating proliferation activity using Ki-67 have shown controversial results in terms of the relationship between proliferation activity and overall survival (OS) or drug sensitivity in gastric cancer patients. Because cytoskeleton-associated protein 2 (CKAP2) staining has recently been introduced as a marker of proliferation activity, we analyzed 437 gastric cancer tissues through CKAP2 immunohistochemistry, and we evaluated the chromatin CKAP2-positive cell count (CPCC) for proliferation activity. Although the CPCC did not show any significant correlation with OS in the male, female or total number of cases, it did show a significant correlation in the T1 or T2 male patient subgroup, according to log-rank tests (P=0.001) and univariate analysis (P=0.045). Additionally, multivariate analysis with the Cox proportional hazard regression model showed a significant correlation between the CPCC and OS (P=0.039) for the co-variables of age, gender, T stage, N stage, histology, tumor location, tumor size and adjuvant chemotherapy. In male gastric cancer cell lines, faster-growing cancer cells showed higher sensitivity to cisplatin than slow-growing cells. Thus our study indicates that CPCC-measured proliferation activity demonstrates a significantly worse prognosis in T1 or T2 male gastric cancer patients. The CPCC will help to more precisely classify gastric cancer patients and to select excellent candidates for adjuvant chemotherapy, which in turn will facilitate further clinical chemotherapeutic trials.

적콜라비싹추출물의 항산화, 항염 및 미백 효과

정선영(Seon-Young Jeong),황혜리(Hai-Li Hwang),유은경(Eun-Kyung Ryu),차준석(Joon-Seok Cha) 한국화장품미용학회 2018 한국화장품미용학회지 Vol.8 No.2

This study is for evaluating red kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes) sprouts as cosmetic ingredient. The sprouts were grown under different light conditions: white, red, blue and dark. We examined biological activities of sprouts extracts to reveal anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and skin-brightening effects. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, sprouts grown under the white light showed the best performance, demonstrating the optimized cultivation of raw materials. In melanin synthesis inhibition assays, red kohlrabi sprouts extracts showed concentration-dependent activity, suggesting skin whitening efficacy as a cosmetic ingredient. More interestingly, the extracts showed significantly high activities of NO suppression in macrophages, which is implicated in anti-inflammatory agents of both cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Decrease of NO synthesis was up to 80% in our tests, and we subsequently elucidated that TNF-α is reduced by the extracts, leading to the reduction of NO. Light conditions did not seem to modulate skin whitening and anti-inflammatory efficacies, but we could conclude that white light is the best condition given that antioxidant activity was significantly better than the other 3 conditions. With these results, we uncovered the beneficial effects of red kohlrabi sprouts extracts as a cosmetic ingredient, and demonstrated that plant factory system with different light conditions can serve to supply industry-optimized raw materials.

Immunohistochemical localization of LLC1 in human tissues and its limited expression in non-small cell lung cancer.

Chandra, Vishal,Choi, Yong-Bock,Hwang, Hai-Li,Lee, Jeong-Hwa,Park, Seong-Yeol,Kim, Hyun-Kyoung,Poojan, Shiv,Koh, Jae-Soo,Kim, Han-Seong,Hong, Kyeong-Man Gutenberg 2015 HISTOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY Vol.30 No.9

<P>We have shown both LLC1 expression in the lung epithelium by in situ hybridization and its inactivation in lung cancer by epigenetic modification. However, LLC1 protein's cellular localization or its role in normal lung or cancer tissues has not yet been evaluated. In the present study, a monoclonal antibody against recombinant LLC1 was produced, and immunohistochemical staining was performed on arrays including various human tissues, normal lung and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues for LLC1 localization. The immunohistochemical results showed LLC1 expression in the cilia of normal-airway epithelial cells and in the cytoplasm of type II pneumocytes in bronchiectatic patients, but no expression in most of the NSCLC tissues, which is consistent with our previous report positing LLC1 as a tumor suppressor. However, LLC1 over-expression in NSCLC cell lines NCI-H1299 and NCI-H23 did not show any change in proliferation or migration, which does not indicate any LLC1 tumor-suppressor role. As for the other human tissues, LLC1 was localized in renal tubular cells, pancreatic acinar cells, and epithelial cells of the stomach, duodenum, and gallbladder. In summary, our findings suggest that LLC1 is not a tumor suppressor, and that it is localized in the cilia of the normal lung epithelium but is absent in most NSCLC cases, probably due to the loss of cilia during lung carcinogenesis.</P>

Clinical implications of proliferation activity in T1 or T2 male gastric cancer patients

Kim, Young-Woo,Eom, Bang Wool,Kook, Myeong-Cherl,Kim, Han-Seong,Kim, Mi-Kyung,Hwang, Hai-Li,Chandra, Vishal,Poojan, Shiv,Song, Yura,Koh, Jae-Soo,Bae, Chang-Dae,Ro, Jungsil,Hong, Kyeong-Man Nature Publishing Group 2015 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.47 No.11

<P>Proliferation activity has already been established as a prognostic marker or as a marker for anticancer drug sensitivity. In gastric cancer, however, the prognostic significance of proliferation activity is still being debated. Several studies evaluating proliferation activity using Ki-67 have shown controversial results in terms of the relationship between proliferation activity and overall survival (OS) or drug sensitivity in gastric cancer patients. Because cytoskeleton-associated protein 2 (CKAP2) staining has recently been introduced as a marker of proliferation activity, we analyzed 437 gastric cancer tissues through CKAP2 immunohistochemistry, and we evaluated the chromatin CKAP2-positive cell count (CPCC) for proliferation activity. Although the CPCC did not show any significant correlation with OS in the male, female or total number of cases, it did show a significant correlation in the T1 or T2 male patient subgroup, according to log-rank tests (<I>P</I>=0.001) and univariate analysis (<I>P</I>=0.045). Additionally, multivariate analysis with the Cox proportional hazard regression model showed a significant correlation between the CPCC and OS (<I>P</I>=0.039) for the co-variables of age, gender, T stage, N stage, histology, tumor location, tumor size and adjuvant chemotherapy. In male gastric cancer cell lines, faster-growing cancer cells showed higher sensitivity to cisplatin than slow-growing cells. Thus our study indicates that CPCC-measured proliferation activity demonstrates a significantly worse prognosis in T1 or T2 male gastric cancer patients. The CPCC will help to more precisely classify gastric cancer patients and to select excellent candidates for adjuvant chemotherapy, which in turn will facilitate further clinical chemotherapeutic trials.</P>