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      • KCI등재

        Der verfassungsrechtliche Schutz der Persönlichkeit und der Schutz des Privatlebens im Zivilrecht

        Johannes Hager,김대경 경희법학연구소 2014 경희법학 Vol.49 No.1

        인격권이 침해된 경우에는 먼저 이에 대한 부당이득반환청구권이 고려될 수 있다. 당사자의 사전 사용승낙을 득하지 않고 무단으로 촬영 및 게재되어 부당하게 활용되어지는 경우가 그러하다. 이와 더불어 예방적 부작위청구권이 고려될 수 있는데, 여기에는 과실이 요구되지는 않지만 인격권이 위법하게 침해될 수 있는 모든 유형에서 적극적으로 검토되어질수 있다. 특히 반복위험에 대한 문제는 쉽게 해결되어질 수 있는 성질의 것은 아니지만, 선행의 침해행위가 위법하였다면 반복위험도 충분히 검토되어야 할 것이다. 또한 인격권의침해에 대해서는 이전부터 다양한 논거에 의해 지지되는 정신적 손해배상이 논의될 수 있다. 판례 또한 직접적으로 민법 제823조 제1항 및 헌법 제1조 및 제2조에 따른 정신적 손해배상책임을 긍정하고 있다. 마지막으로 인격권의 침해에 따른 물질적 손해도 배상되어야할 것이다. 즉 인격권침해로 유발된 심적 충격에 기인한 건강침해가 고려 될 수 있고, 나아가 다른 보호법익에 대한 2차적 손해도 특별손해로 고려되어야 할 것이다.

      • KCI등재후보

        Neuere Entwicklungen des Arzthaftungsrechts

        Johannes Hager,김대경 제주대학교 법과정책연구원 2018 국제법무 Vol.10 No.2

        This Paper is a recent study on the attitude of the precedents in the case of the doctor’s liability act in Germany. It is the duty of first and foremost to make the necessary and appropriate medical treatment in accordance with the current medical standard applied to the general medical treatment according to Article 630a Clause 2 of the German Civil Code(Chapter 2). In this paper, we propose a systematic review of the medical history of patients and their families. Next, we reviewed the doctors’ duty to explain the patient’s right to self-determination. The necessity of the treatment, the importance of the invasive act, the object and method of explanation duty, the timing of explanation duty, the minor and unconscious. The attitude of the German judiciary to the broadest and most complete form of the obligation to stay as far as possible, including the consent of the patient and the provisional consent of the patient (Chapter 3). In the case of a medical accident, in accordance with the general principles of compensation for damages, the patient shall be informed of the causal relationship between the physician’s intent and negligence. However, in reality, it is necessary to recognize the real difficulties that may arise when the general practitioner of the certification responsibility is applied to the victim patient due to lack of expert knowledge or ubiquitous evidence, and various laws related to the alleviation or conversion of the certification liability(Chapter 4). Finally, after reviewing the requirements for the preparation and preservation of the medical records of the hospital prescribed in Article 630h of the German Civil Code and the accessibility of the patient’s data(=right of access)(Chapter 5). The attitude of the Supreme Court of the Federal Republic of Germany in recent cases has been examined(Chapter 6) with regard to the hearing of the questioning and expert opinion and the degree of its competence. Stichwörter : Arzthaftungsrecht, Behandlungsfehler, Selbstbestimmungsaufklärung, Beweislast, Schadensersatzhaftung This Paper is a recent study on the attitude of the precedents in the case of the doctor’s liability act in Germany. It is the duty of first and foremost to make the necessary and appropriate medical treatment in accordance with the current medical standard applied to the general medical treatment according to Article 630a Clause 2 of the German Civil Code(Chapter 2). In this paper, we propose a systematic review of the medical history of patients and their families. Next, we reviewed the doctors’ duty to explain the patient’s right to self-determination. The necessity of the treatment, the importance of the invasive act, the object and method of explanation duty, the timing of explanation duty, the minor and unconscious. The attitude of the German judiciary to the broadest and most complete form of the obligation to stay as far as possible, including the consent of the patient and the provisional consent of the patient (Chapter 3). In the case of a medical accident, in accordance with the general principles of compensation for damages, the patient shall be informed of the causal relationship between the physician’s intent and negligence. However, in reality, it is necessary to recognize the real difficulties that may arise when the general practitioner of the certification responsibility is applied to the victim patient due to lack of expert knowledge or ubiquitous evidence, and various laws related to the alleviation or conversion of the certification liability(Chapter 4). Finally, after reviewing the requirements for the preparation and preservation of the medical records of the hospital prescribed in Article 630h of the German Civil Code and the accessibility of the patient’s data(=right of access)(Chapter 5). The attitude of the Supreme Court of the Federal Republic of Germany in recent cases has been examined(Chapter 6) with regard to the hearing of the questioning and expert opinion and the degree of its competence. Stichwörter : Arzthaftungsrecht, Behandlungsfehler, Selbstbestimmungsaufklärung, Beweislast, Schadensersatzhaftung

      • KCI등재

        Der verfassungsrechtliche Schutz der Persönlichkeit und der Schutz des Privatlebens im Zivilrecht

        Johannes Hager,김대경 경희대학교 법학연구소 2014 경희법학 Vol.49 No.1

        Als Folge der Persönlichkeitsverletzung ist zunächst an Bereicherungsansprüche zu denken. Daneben stehen Ansprüche auf (vorbeugende) Unterlassung, die auch ohne Verschulden bei jeder Art einer rechtswidrigen Verletzung der Persönlichkeit bestehen. Schwieriger zu beantworten ist die Frage der Wiederholungsgefahr. War die vorangegangene Verletzung rechtswidrig, wird die Wiederholungsgefahr vermutet. Es gibt eine lange, von verschiedenen Argumentationen begleitete Geschichte der ideellen Entschädigung für die Verletzung der Persönlichkeit. Die Rechtsprechung stützt jedoch den Ersatz unmittelbar auf § 823 Abs. 1 BGB in Verbindung mit Art. 1, 2 GG. Auch materielle Schäden aufgrund der Verletzung der Persönlichkeit sind zu ersetzen – etwa Gesundheitsbeeinträchtigungen aufgrund der Aufregungen über die Persönlichkeitsverletzung. Doch ist auch die Persönlichkeit als solches Schutzgut anerkannt; so liegt es etwa, wenn aufgrund der Verletzung der Verlust des Arbeitsplatzes als Sekundärschaden eintritt.

      • A new hybrid-Lagrangian numerical scheme for gyrokinetic simulation of tokamak edge plasma

        Ku, S.,Hager, R.,Chang, C.S.,Kwon, J.M.,Parker, S.E. Elsevier 2016 Journal of computational physics Vol.315 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In order to enable kinetic simulation of non-thermal edge plasmas at a reduced computational cost, a new hybrid-Lagrangian <I>δf</I> scheme has been developed that utilizes the phase space grid in addition to the usual marker particles, taking advantage of the computational strengths from both sides. The new scheme splits the particle distribution function of a kinetic equation into two parts. Marker particles contain the fast space-time varying, <I>δf</I>, part of the distribution function and the coarse-grained phase-space grid contains the slow space-time varying part. The coarse-grained phase-space grid reduces the memory-requirement and the computing cost, while the marker particles provide scalable computing ability for the fine-grained physics. Weights of the marker particles are determined by a direct weight evolution equation instead of the differential form weight evolution equations that the conventional delta-f schemes use. The particle weight can be slowly transferred to the phase space grid, thereby reducing the growth of the particle weights. The non-Lagrangian part of the kinetic equation – e.g., collision operation, ionization, charge exchange, heat-source, radiative cooling, and others – can be operated directly on the phase space grid. Deviation of the particle distribution function on the velocity grid from a Maxwellian distribution function – driven by ionization, charge exchange and wall loss – is allowed to be arbitrarily large. The numerical scheme is implemented in the gyrokinetic particle code XGC1, which specializes in simulating the tokamak edge plasma that crosses the magnetic separatrix and is in contact with the material wall.</P>

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