http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Kim, Haeng Ran,Kim, Kyung Mi,Lee, Ju-Hye,Yoo, Sang-Ho,Lee, Soh Min,Kim, Kwang-Ok Korean Society of Food Science and Technology 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.5
Long steeping process of waxy rice involved in Gangjung production is essential for obtaining good quality Gangjung, but it causes many related problems. The objective was to examine physiochemical properties of waxy rice flour and expansion properties of Gangjung manufactured using waxy rice flour treated with protease (P-flour), ${\alpha}$-amylase (A-flour), or in combination of the two (PA-flour) over different durations. While crude protein and reducing sugar contents of P-flour and A-flour differed depending on enzyme treatment time, it was not observed for PA-flour. Gangjung made with P-flour or A-flour could show similar expansion rate to that of Gangjung made with waxy rice flour steeped under the optimal condition, however, Gangjung made with PA-flour showed lower expansion rate than of the optimal one. These findings indicate that treatment of waxy rice flour with either protease or ${\alpha}$-amylase, but not both, could reduce the steeping time involved in Gangjung production.
Kim, Young Ran,Lee, Shee Eun,Kang, In-Chol,Nam, Kwang Il,Choy, Hyon E.,Rhee, Joon Haeng Oxford University Press 2013 The Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol.207 No.9
<P><I>Vibrio vulnificus</I>, a halophilic estuarine bacterium causing fatal septicemia and necrotic wound infection, is highly cytotoxic to eukaryotic cells. We have reported that RtxA1 toxin kills host cells only after they come into contact with bacteria and plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of <I>V. vulnificus</I>. This study was performed to elucidate the mechanism by which the RtxA1 toxin mediates the death of HeLa cells. By using confocal microscopy and immunoblot analysis, we show that the 501-kDa RtxA1 toxin is processed into 2 fragments after its secretion into host cells. The largerN-terminal fragment (RtxA1-N; approximately 370 kDa) remained at the host cell membrane, whereas the smaller C-terminal fragment (RtxA1-C; approximately 130 kDa) was internalized into the host cell cytoplasm. RtxA1-N is believed to polymerize and form pores at the host cell membrane and to induce an increase in necrotic volume related to calcium. The RtxA1 toxin caused an increase in the intracellular Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> concentration and the subsequent activation of JNK. The cell death mechanism occurred via calcium-dependent mitochondrial pathways, which caused calcium sequestration in the mitochondria, accompanied by irreversible mitochondrial membrane dysfunction and adenosine triphosphate depletion, and was later accompanied by the disruption of the integrity of the plasma membrane.</P>
Effect of Salinity, Temperature, and Glucose on the Production of Vibrio vulnificus Hemolysin
Kim, Hyun-Soo,Shin, Sung-Heui,Park, Hae-Ryoung,Lee, Shee-Eun,Kim, Choon-Mee,Kim, Soo-Young,Kim, Young-Ran,Lee, Hyun-Chul,Chung, Sun-Sik,Rhee, Joon-Haeng The Korean Society for Microbiology 2002 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.32 No.4
Among the exotoxins produced by V. vulnificus, hemolysin (HS) has been reported to be the most potent one. To investigate the factors up- or down-regulating HS production in the context of pathogenesis, we observed the effects of salinity or/and temperature shifting, glucose, and acidic pH on the production of HS by V. vulnificus C7184 strain in vitro. Significantly more HS was produced when V. vulnificus was cultured in 0.9% salinity and $37^{\circ}C$ than in 2.5% and $25^{\circ}C$. When the culture condition reflecting natural habitat of V. vulnificus (2.5% salinity and $25^{\circ}C$) was changed into that reflecting human body (0.9% salinity and $37^{\circ}C$), 2.5 fold or more HS was produced than in the V. vulnificus being cultured continuously in 0.9% NaCl at $37^{\circ}C$. This result suggests that V. vulnificus somehow recognizes the shifting in salinity and temperature and stimulate HS production. Glucose addition in the culture medium resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the HS production. Glucose itself and acidic pH resulting from its metabolism both appeared to inhibit the HS production. Glucose in itself had more dominant role in suppressing the HS production than the lowered pH accompanying the metabolism of glucose. This result suggests that HS production is down-regulated in the presence of glucose and under environmental acidic pH.
Kim, Young-Ran,Kim, Choon-Mee,Rhee, Joon-Haeng The Korean Society for Microbiology 2003 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.33 No.1
Live Vibrio vulnificus is highly cytotoxic to host cells in vivo and in vitro. The two most representative cytotoxins, cytolytic hemolysin and elastolytic protease, have been regarded to play major roles in the cytotoxicity of V. vulnificus. To further determine roles of the two cytotoxins in V. vulnificus pathogenesis, we constructed a double mutant of vvhA and vvpE genes, encoding a hemolysin and a protease, respectively. However, the cytotoxicity and the $LD_{50}$ of a vvhA/vvpE double mutant showed no significant difference from those of the isogenic wild type strain. From these results, we came to speculate that yet unidentified, key cytotoxic factors should playa major role in the cytotoxic activity of V. vulnificus. The HeLa cells encountered with V. vulnificus became rounded, following detachment from the bottom of culture plate, and were killed eventually. However, the bacterial culture supernatant did not show any effect on the morphology and viability of HeLa cells. Also, no cytotoxicity could be noted when V. vulnificus was not allowed to contact with HeLa cells in the $Transwell^{(R)}$ system. Chloramphenicol, at lower concentration than minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), decreased the cytotoxicity of a vvhA/vvpE double mutant to HeLa cells in a dose dependent manner. These results suggest that close encounter of V. vulnificus with host cells is a prerequisite to the cytotoxicity and that a yet unidentified virulence factor (s) should play an important role in the contact-dependent cytotoxicity.
Kim, Il-Ok,Kim, Mi-Ran,Shin, Jang-Hoon,Kim, Sun-Haeng korean Academy of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation 2020 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.9 No.4
Objective: This study was conducted to provide basic data on physical function improvement activities of elderly care facilities by identifying the degree of physical improvement activities of elderly caregivers. Design: Descriptive correlational study. Methods: The instrument of this study consisted of 12 questions on the general characteristics of the subject. For the assessment of improvement in physical function activities, the measuring tool used for the elderly consisted of a total of 20 questions. For data analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient & Spearman's rho and multiple regression were used. Results: The higher the age of the subjects, the lower their educational background (r=-0.273, p<0.05), and the higher the probability of having a religion (r=-0.258, p<0.05), the more stable the employment type (r=-0.333, p<0.05). The higher the level of education, the higher the monthly income (r=0.187, p<0.01), and the shorter the career (r=-0.204, p<0.05). The more stable employment, the more unstable duty (r=-0.245, p<0.05), and the more unstable work, the higher the monthly income (r=-0.206, p<0.05) and the longer the career, the higher the monthly income (r=0.247, p<0.05). The more stable the employment, the more activities to improve physical function were found (r=0.341, p<0.05), and the more unstable the duty, the more activities to improve physical function were found (r=0.321, p<0.05), and the higher monthly income, the less physical function improvement activities (r=-0.196, p<0.05). Conclusions: It is necessary to provide regular services by a dedicated physical therapist for physical function improvement activities in order to improve the quality of life of the elderly in the future.
Anti-Helicobacter pylori Diarylheptanoid Identified in the Rhizome of Alpinia officinarum
( Haeng Byung Lee ),( Hyun Kyung Lee ),( Jun Ran Kim ),( Young Joon Ahn ) 한국응용생명화학회 2009 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.52 No.4
The antibacterial activity of materials derived from the rhizome of Alpinia officinarum (Zingiberaceae) against Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504, ATCC 700392, and ATCC 700824 was examined using paper-disc diffusion and agar dilution methods. Results were compared with those following treatment with currently used antibiotics: amoxicillin, metronidazole, and tetracycline. The bioactive principle was characterized as the diarylheptanoid 5-hydroxy-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-heptanone by spectroscopic analysis. This compound was isolated from A. officinarum leaves as a new anti-H. pylori principle. Against H. pylon ATCC 43504, ATCC 700392, and ATCC 700824, the antibacterial activity of the diarylheptanoid (48,24, and 24 ㎍/mL) was comparable to that of metronidazole (32, 16, and 16 ㎍/mL) but less effective than that of either amoxicillin (0.06, 0.06, and 0.03 ㎍/mL) or tetracycline (0.5, 1, and 0.5 ㎍/mL), based on minimum inhibitory concentrations. A. officinarum rhizome-derived materials, particularly the diarylheptanoid isolated, merit further study as potential antibacterial functional food products or therapeutic products for prevention or eradication from humans from diseases caused by H. pylori.
Characterization of Prohibitin 1 as a Host Partner of <i>Vibrio vulnificus</i> RtxA1 Toxin
Kim, Bo A.,Lim, Ju Young,Rhee, Joon Haeng,Kim, Young Ran Oxford University Press 2016 The Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol.213 No.1
<P>RtxA1 toxin, which results in cytoskeletal rearrangement, contact cytotoxicity, hemolysis, tissue invasion, and lethality in mice, is the most potent cytotoxic virulence factor of Vibrio vulnificus. Bioinformatics analysis of rtxA1 predicted 4 functional domains that presumably performed discrete functions during host cell killing. V. vulnificus RtxA1 has a unique domain designated as RtxA1-D2, corresponding to amino acids 1951-2574, which is absent in Vibrio cholerae multifunctional-autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin, suggesting that this domain confers specific biological functions to V. vulnificus RtxA1. HeLa cells expressing green fluorescent protein-RtxA1-D2 became round and lost their viability. A yeast 2-hybrid system identified prohibitin (PHB) 1 as the host partner of RtxA1-D2. The specific interaction of RtxA1-D2 with PHB1 was confirmed by performing immunoprecipitation. Interestingly, V. vulnificus RtxA1 up-regulated PHB1 expression on the cytoplasmic membrane of host cells. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways were confirmed as being important in the up-regulation of PHB1 by using inhibitors. Down-regulation of PHB1 by small interfering RNAs decreased the cytotoxicity of RtxA1-D2 against HeLa cells. The pretreatment of an anti-PHB1 antibody impaired the cytotoxicity of V. vulnificus RtxA1. These results suggest that the involvement PHB1 in the RtxA1 cytotoxicity has significant implications for the pathogenesis of V. vulnificus infections.</P>