Advanced H2O2 oxidation for diethyl phthalate degradation in treated effluents: effect of nitrate on oxidation and a pilot-scale AOP operation

Ko, K. B.,Park, C. G.,Moon, T. H.,Ahn, Y. H.,Lee, J. K.,Ahn, K. H.,Park, J. H.,Yeom, I. T. IWA Publishing 2008 Water Science & Technology Vol.58 No.5

<P>One of the objectives of this study was to delineate the effect of nitrate on diethyl phthalate (DEP) oxidation by conducting a bench-scale ultraviolet (UV)/H2O2 and O3/H2O2 operations as suggested in a previous study. We also aim to investigate DEP oxidation at various UV doses and H2O2 concentrations by performing a pilot-scale advanced oxidation processes (AOP) system, into which a portion of the effluent from a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) plant was pumped. In the bench-scale AOP operation, the O3 oxidation alone as well as the UV irradiation without H2O2 addition could be among the desirable alternatives for the efficient removal of DEP dissolved in aqueous solutions at a low DEP concentration range of 85±15 μg/L. The adverse effect in the UV/H2O2 process was significantly greater than that in the UV oxidation alone, and its oxidation was almost halved by the nitrate. However, the nitrate clearly enhanced the DEP oxidation in the O3 oxidation and O3/H2O2 process. Especially, the addition of nitrate almost doubled the DEP oxidation efficiency in the O3/H2O2 process. The series of pilot-scale AOP operations confirmed that about 30-50% of DEP dissolved in the treated MBR effluent streams was, at least, oxidized by the O3 oxidation alone as well as the UV irradiation without H2O2 addition. The UV photolysis of H2O2 was most effective for DEP degradation with an H2O2 concentration of 40 mg/L at a UV dose of 500 mJ/cm2.</P>

Interspecies transmission of the canine influenza H3N2 virus to domestic cats in South Korea, 2010

Song, D. S.,An, D. J.,Moon, H. J.,Yeom, M. J.,Jeong, H. Y.,Jeong, W. S.,Park, S. J.,Kim, H. K.,Han, S. Y.,Oh, J. S.,Park, B. K.,Kim, J. K.,Poo, H.,Webster, R. G.,Jung, K.,Kang, B. K. Microbiology Society 2011 The Journal of general virology Vol.92 No.10

Substrate specificity of a recombinant d-lyxose isomerase from Providencia stuartii for monosaccharides

Kwon, H.J.,Yeom, S.J.,Park, C.S.,Oh, D.K. Society for Bioscience and Bioengineering, Japan ; 2010 Journal of bioscience and bioengineering Vol.110 No.1

The specific activity and catalytic efficiency (k<SUB>cat</SUB>/K<SUB>m</SUB>) of the recombinant putative protein from Providencia stuartii was the highest for d-lyxose among the aldose substrates, indicating that it is a d-lyxose isomerase. Gel filtration analysis suggested that the native enzyme is a dimer with a molecular mass of 44 kDa. The maximal activity for d-lyxose isomerization was observed at pH 7.5 and 45 <SUP>o</SUP>C in the presence of 1 mM Mn<SUP>2+</SUP>. The enzyme exhibited high isomerization activity for aldose substrates with the C2 and C3 hydroxyl groups in the left-hand configuration, such as d-lyxose, d-mannose, l-ribose, d-talose, and l-allose (listed in decreasing order of activity). The enzyme exhibited the highest activity for d-xylulose among all pentoses and hexoses. Thus, d-lyxose was produced at 288 g/l from 500 g/l d-xylulose by d-lyxose isomerase at pH 7.5 and 45 <SUP>o</SUP>C for 2 h, with a conversion yield of 58 % and a volumetric productivity of 144 g l<SUP>-1</SUP> h<SUP>-1</SUP>. The observed k<SUB>cat</SUB>/K<SUB>m</SUB> (920 mM<SUP>-1</SUP> s<SUP>-1</SUP>) of P. stuartiid-lyxose isomerase for d-xylulose is higher than any of the k<SUB>cat</SUB>/K<SUB>m</SUB> values previously reported for sugar and sugar phosphate isomerases with monosaccharide substrates. These results suggest that the enzyme will be useful as an industrial producer of d-lyxose.

Cowden's Disease - A Report on the First Case in Korea and Literature Review

Lee, H.-R Korean Academy of Medical Science 1997 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.12 No.6

자장강화된 유도결합형 플라즈마를 이용한 산화막 식각에 대한 연구

안경준(K. J. An),김현수(H. S. Kim),우형철(R. Woo),유지범(J. B. Yoo),염근영(G. Y. Yeom) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 1998 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.7 No.4

본 연구에서는 자장강화된 유도결합형 플라즈마를 사용하여 이 플라즈마의 특성을 조사하고 또한 산화막 식각에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하였다. 자장 강화를 위해 4쌍의 영구자석이 사용되었고, 산화막 식각을 위해 C₂F_6, CHF₃, C₄F_8 가스 및 이들 혼합가스가 사용되었으며 첨가가스로 H₂를 사용하였다. 자장강화된 유도결합형 플라즈마 특성 분석을 위해 Langmuir probe 와 optical emission spectrometer를 이용하였으며 산화막 식각 속도 및 photoresist에 대한 식각 선택비를 stylus profilometer를 이용하여 측정하였다. 이온 밀도에 있어서 자장 유무에 따른 큰 변화는 관찰되지 않았으나 이온전류밀도의 균일도는 자장을 가한 경우 웨이퍼가 놓이는 기판 부분에서 상당히 증가된 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 자장이 가해진 경우, 자장을 가하지 않은 경우에 비해 플라즈마 전위가 감소된 반면 전자온도 및 라디칼 밀도는 크게 증가되는 것을 알 수 있었으며 산화막 식각시에도 높은 식각 속도와 식각 균일도를 보였다. 산화막 식각을 위해 수소가스를 사용한 가스조합중에서 C₄F_8/H₂가스조합이 가장 우수한 식각 속도및 photoresist에 대한 식각 선택비를 나타내었으며 공정변수를 최적화 함으로써 순수 C₄F_8에서 4이상의 선택비와 함께 8000 Å/min의 가장 높은 식각속도를 얻을 수 있었으며, 50%C₄F_8/50%H₂에서 4000 Å/min의 산화막 식각 속도와 함께 15이상의 식각 선택비를 얻을 수 있었다. In this study, the effects of multi-dipole type of magnets on the characteristics of the inductively coupled plasmas and SiO₂ etch properties were investigated. As the magnets, 4 pairs of permanent magnets were used and, to etch SiO₂, C₂F_6, CHF₃, C₄F_8, H₂, and their combinations were used. The characteristics of the magnetized inductively coupled plasmas were investigated using a Langmuir probe and an optical emission spectrometer, and SiO₂ etch rates and the etch selectivity over photoresist were measured using a stylus profilometer. The use of multi-dipole magnets increased the uniformity of the ion density over the substrate location even though no significant increase of ion density was observed with the magnets. The use of the magnets also increased the electron temperature and radical densities while reducing the plasma potential. When SiO₂ was etched using the fluorocarbon gases, the significant increase of SiO₂ etch rates and also the increase of etch uniformity over the substrate were obtained using the magnets. In case of gas combinations with hydrogen, C₄F_8/H₂showed the highest etch rates and etch selectivities over photoresist among the gas combinations with hydrogen used in the experiment. By optimizing process parameters at 1000 Watts of inductive power with the magnets, the highest SiO₂ etch rate of 8000 Å/min with the etch selectivity of 4 could be obtained for 100% C₄F_8 and the highest etch selectivity of over 15 with the SiO₂ etch rate of 4000 Å/min could be obtained for 50% C₄F_8/50% H₂.

디프테리아 테타누스 독소융합 단백발현에 관한연구(Ⅰ) : 디프테리아 독소 유전자의 클론닝 cloning of diphtheria toxin gene

이복권,박재구,이점규,유재일,염병진,유관희,신광훈 국립보건연구원 1994 국립보건원보 Vol.31 No.1

초등교사의 감정노동, 사회적 지지와 삶의 질 간의 관계

경예빈,김보민,김수정,노지현,송지윤,염소희,이현아,허유림,홍소연,차지영,박수민 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2017 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.51

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation of emotional labor, social support, and quality of life among elementary school teacher. Methods: A correlational descriptive design was used with convenience sampling between July and December, 2016. The survey was self reported questionnaire administered to 130 elementary school teachers in the urban area. Data was statistically analyzed using t-test and one way ANOVA. Results: The average score of participants' emotional labor is 2.80, social support 3.89 and quality of life 3.65 of the total of 5. Emotional labor was negatively correlated to social support (r=-.178, p<.05) and quality of life(r=-.438, p<.001). Social support was positively correlated to quality of life (r=.336, p<.001). Conclusion: This study has significance as a basic data to understand the relation of emotional labor, social support, quality of life among elementary school teachers. Also, nursing interventions suitable for elementary school teachers should be developed to decrease the level of emotional labor, strengthen the social support, and enhance their quality of life.

Rifampicin의 投與期間 依存性에 關한 硏究

염철호,김재백 圓光大學校 藥品硏究所 1987 藥品硏究所報 Vol.2 No.1

Time-dependent pharmacokinetics for rifampicin, a drug commonly used in the treatment of mycobacterium tuberculosis, was studied in 9 male and 4 female tuberculous patients. Rifampicin (600㎎) was administered oralIy every morning before breakfast over a period of 8 weeks, combined with isoniazid (300㎎) , ethambutol (800 ㎎) and pyridoxine(500㎎). On the 1st, 14th, 21st, 28th and 56th days of treatment, venous blood samples were drawn 1,2,4 and 8 hours after the administration of rifampicin. Rifampicin concentration in the serum was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography at 254 nm. Maximum blood concentration(Cmax ), area under blood concentration curve(AUC), biological half-life (t1/2), apparent volume of distribution (Vd), total clearance (CI _tot) and first-pass effect were calculated from data of the serum rifampicin concentrations. Pharmacokinetics of rifampicin in patients was interpreted by one-compartment model The results obtained were summarized as follows : 1 . Cmax and AUC gradually decreased until the 21st day of treatment and, thereafter reached a steady-state until the 56th day of treatment. 2. Vd,Cl_tot and first-pass effect showed a definite increase up to the 28th day of treatment. After that, they reached a steady- state until the 56th day of treatment. 3 Hioioglcai half-life fluctuated until the 29th day of treatment and reached a steady- state on the day 28. In conclusion, pharmacokinetics of rlfampicin was found to be time-dependent when administrered orally in combination with isoniazid, ethambutol and pyridoxine.

Drug Release Kinetics, Biodegradability, Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of 2% Minocychne-Loaded Polysaccharide Microcapsules

Park, Y. J 大韓臨床藥理學會 1995 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.3 No.2

고압하에서 응고한 Zn-Al 합금의 조직과 인장강도에 관한 연구

이종남,한봉희,염희택 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1972 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.11 No.3

高靜水壓下에서 金屬을 凝固시켰을 境遇 金屬의 組織과 引張强度에 미치는 加壓의 影響을 檢討코저 Zn-22% Al合金을 對象으로 實驗을 實施했다. 試片製作을 爲해서 99.9% Zn과 99.8% Al地金을 도가니電氣爐에서 熔解하여 圓筒形 鋼製鑄型에 주입하고 높은 精水壓下에서 凝固시켰다. 이때의 加壓의 크기는 0 ㎏/㎠, 250 ㎏/㎠, 500 ㎏/㎠, 750 ㎏/㎠ 및 1000 ㎏/㎠의 五種으로 하였으며 無加壓時와 壓力이 增加하였을때를 比較 檢討한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 加壓에 依하여 pipe 生成이 抑制되었다. 2. gas에 基因하는 pore가 消滅되었다. 3. 加壓의 크기가 增加함에 따라 組織이 柱狀晶에서 等軸晶으로 變化하였다. 4. 加壓의 크기가 增加함에 따라 粒子가 微細化되며 機械的性質이 改善되었다. In order to study the effect of pressure during the solidification on the structure and tensile strength, Zn-22% Al alloy was subjected to pressure as high as 250∼1000 ㎏/㎠ during solidification, and poured into cylindrical steel mould from crucible electric furnace. The application of pressure during solidification has been shown to induce a number of important modification to the gravity cast structure. Chief among these were as follows. 1. Suppression of piping 2. Elimination of pores. 3. Columnar crystal change to equiaxed crystal by increasing the applied pressure. 4. Refining of grain size and markedly improving of tensile strength