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Park, S.J.,Si, Y.J.,Kim, J.,Song, M.S.,Kim, S.m.,Kim, E.H.,Kwon, H.i.,Kim, Y.I.,Lee, O.J.,Shin, O.S.,Kim, C.J.,Shin, E.C.,Choi, Y.K. Academic Press 2016 Virology Vol.498 No.-
<P>To investigate cross-protective vaccine efficacy of highly-pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses against a recent HPAI H5N8 virus, we immunized C57BL/6 mice and ferrets with three alum-adjuvanted inactivated whole H5N1 vaccines developed through reverse-genetics (Rg): [Vietnam/1194/04xPR8 (clade 1), Korea/W149/06xPR8 (clade 2.2), and Korea/ES223N/03xPR8 (clade 2.5)]. Although relatively low cross-reactivities (10-40 HI titer) were observed against heterologous H5N8 virus, immunized animals were 100% protected from challenge with the 20 mLD(50) of H5N8 virus, with the exception of mice vaccinated with 3.5 mu g of Rg Vietnam/1194/04xPR8. Of note, the Rg Korea/ES223N/03xPR8 vaccine provided not only effective protection, but also markedly inhibited viral replication in the lungs and nasal swabs of vaccine recipients within five days of HPAI H5N8 virus challenge. Further, we demonstrated that antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of an antibody-coated target cell by cytotoxic effector cells also plays a role in the heterologous protection of H5N1 vaccines against H5N8 challenge. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</P>
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Enhanced H<sub>2</sub> fermentation of organic waste by CO<sub>2</sub> sparging
Kim, D.H.,Shin, H.S.,Kim, S.H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2012 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.37 No.20
This study aimed to improve the productivity of dark fermentative hydrogen production from organic waste. An anaerobic sequencing batch reactor was used for hydrogen fermentation and it was fed with food waste (VS 4.4 +/- 0.2% containing 27 g carbohydrate-COD/L) at various CO<SUB>2</SUB> sparging rates (40-120 L/L/d), hydraulic retention times (HRTs; 18-42 h), and solid retention times (SRTs; 18-160 h). CO<SUB>2</SUB> sparging increased the H<SUB>2</SUB> productivity by 5-36% at all the examined conditions, confirming the benefit of the replacement of headspace gas by CO<SUB>2</SUB>. The maximum H<SUB>2</SUB> production was obtained by CO<SUB>2</SUB> sparging at 80 L/L/d, resulting in the H<SUB>2</SUB> productivity of 3.18 L H<SUB>2</SUB>/L/d and the H<SUB>2</SUB> yield of 97.3 mL H<SUB>2</SUB>/g VS<SUB>added</SUB>. Increase of n-butyrate and isopropanol yields were concurrent with the enhanced H<SUB>2</SUB> yield by CO<SUB>2</SUB> sparging. Acidogenic efficiency, the sum of H<SUB>2</SUB>, organic acid, and alcohol, in the CO<SUB>2</SUB>-sparged reactor ranged from 47.9 to 56.0%, which was comparable to conventional acidogenesis. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed that both CO<SUB>2</SUB> sparging and CO<SUB>2</SUB> removal were beneficial for H<SUB>2</SUB>-producing reactions, but CO<SUB>2</SUB> sparing has more profound effect than CO<SUB>2</SUB> removal on inhibiting H<SUB>2</SUB>-consuming reactions.
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Park, Y-H,Kim, S-U,Kwon, T-H,Kim, J-M,Song, I-S,Shin, H-J,Lee, B-K,Bang, D-H,Lee, S-J,Lee, D-S,Chang, K-T,Kim, B-Y,Yu, D-Y Macmillan Publishers Limited 2016 Oncogene Vol.35 No.27
<P>The current study was carried out to define the involvement of Peroxiredoxin (Prx) II in progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the underlying molecular mechanism(s). Expression and function of Prx II in HCC was determined using H-ras(G12V)-transformed HCC cells (H-ras(G12V)-HCC cells) and the tumor livers from H-ras(G12V)-transgenic (Tg) mice and HCC patients. Prx II was upregulated in H-ras(G12V)-HCC cells and H-ras(G12V)-Tg mouse tumor livers, the expression pattern of which highly similar to that of forkhead Box M1 (FoxM1). Moreover, either knockdown of FoxM1 or site-directed mutagenesis of FoxM1-binding site of Prx II promoter significantly reduced Prx II levels in H-ras(G12V)-HCC cells, indicating FoxM1 as a direct transcription factor of Prx II in HCC. Interestingly, the null mutation of Prx II markedly decreased the number and size of tumors in H-ras(G12V)-Tg livers. Consistent with this, knockdown of Prx II in H-ras(G12V)-HCC cells reduced the expression of cyclin D1, cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth and tumor formation in athymic nude mice, whereas overexpression of Prx II increased or aggravated the tumor phenotypes. Importantly, the expression of Prx II was correlated with that of FoxM1 in HCC patients. The activation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) pathway and the expression of FoxM1 and cyclin D1 were highly dependent on Prx II in H-ras(G12V)-HCC cells and H-ras(G12V)-Tg livers. Prx II is FoxM1-dependently- expressed antioxidant in HCC and function as an enhancer of Ras(G12V) oncogenic potential in hepatic tumorigenesis through activation of ERK/FoxM1/cyclin D1 cascade.</P>
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한우 육성 및 비육기 영양수준이 발육 , 사료이용성 및 도체 조성에 미치는 영향
김강식(K . S . Kim),신기준(K . J . Shin),백봉현(B . H . Paek),김용곤(Y . G . Kim),이근상(G . S . Lee),권순기(S . K . Kwon) 한국축산학회 1987 한국축산학회지 Vol.29 No.4
To evaluate the effect of feeding level on daily gain, feed efficiency and carcass composition, high (H: DCP and TDN was supplied for 1.1㎏ daily gain × 1.1) and low (L: DCP and TDN was supplied for 0.6㎏ daily gain × 1.1) level nutrient were fed to each 12 heads of Korean native bulls (KNB) for the 1st period (body weight from about 120㎏ to 300㎏), and thereafter during 2nd period 12 heads were devided into two groups and fed with H and L-feeding level until animals weighted about 500㎏. 1. Daily gain was significantly increased (P$lt;0.05) and the feeding period was significantly decreased when fed with H level. Shifting feeding level (H→L or L→H) did not affect the daily gain during whole period although there was a trend that H level during 1st period was more efficient than L level. 2. Dry matter intake was higher with H level than with L level. 3. DCP efficiency was better when fed with L level. The efficiency of L→H level was lower than that of H→L level during whole period but was better than that of H→H level during the early phase of 2nd period. 4. TDN efficiency was not influenced by the feeding level. However, TDN efficiency of H group was slightly better than that of L group during the 1st period. 5. Dressing percentage was significantly increased when fed with H level during the 2nd period. Fat content was significantly increased when fed with H→H level, while there was no significant differences among H→L, L→H, L→L feeding levels. There was no significant differences in retailed cuts between the feeding levels. 6. Carcass price was higher and feed cost was lower when fed with L level during the 2nd period. The monthly income per head was higher when fed with H level during the 1st period, although there was no big differences between H→H and L→H feeding level.
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Cha, D. R.,Kim, I. S.,Kang, Y. S.,Han, S. Y.,Han, K. H.,Shin, C.,Ji, Y. H.,Kim, N. H. Blackwell Science Ltd 2005 Diabetic medicine Vol.22 No.1
<P>Abstract</P><P>Aims </P><P>The expression of TGF&bgr;-inducible gene h3(&bgr;ig-h3) has been used to assess the biological activity of TGF&bgr; in the kidney. In this study, we investigated whether the urinary concentration of &bgr;ig-h3 is associated with diabetic nephropathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. We also evaluated the relationship between the urinary concentration of &bgr;ig-3 and proteinuria and microalbuminuria (AER) in a normal healthy population and in Type 2 diabetes patients.</P><P>Methods </P><P>Four hundred and seventy-nine Type 2 diabetic patients without non-diabetic kidney diseases and 528 healthy control subjects were enrolled. The study subjects were divided into five groups: a non-diabetic healthy control group with normal ACR (<I>n</I> = 443), a non-diabetic healthy control group with microalbuminuria (<I>n</I> = 85), a normoalbuminuric diabetic group (<I>n</I> = 198), a microalbuminuric diabetic group (<I>n</I> = 155) and an overt proteinuria group (<I>n</I> = 126). Urinary levels of &bgr;ig-h3 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</P><P>Results </P><P>(i) Urinary excretion of &bgr;ig-h3 was significantly higher in the diabetic groups than in the controls, even in the normoalbuminuric stage (25.02 ± 8.84 vs. 18.67 ± 6.56, <I>P</I> = 0.03). In diabetic patients, urinary &bgr;ig-h3 levels increased significantly as diabetic nephropathy advanced (25.02 ± 8.84 vs. 34.06 ± 24.55 vs. 169.63 ± 57.33, <I>P</I> < 0.001). (ii) Proteinuria was found to be significantly correlated with urinary &bgr;ig-h3 (healthy control; <I>r</I> = 0.137, <I>P</I> = 0.019, diabetic patients; <I>r</I> = 0.604, <I>P</I> < 0.001). ACR was also found to be significantly related with urinary &bgr;ig-h3 in diabetic patients (<I>r =</I> 0.383, <I>P</I> = 0.006). (iii) In diabetic patients, urinary &bgr;ig-h3 was significantly related with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (systolic blood pressure: <I>r</I> = 0.436, <I>P</I> = 0.024; diastolic blood pressure, <I>r</I> = 0.365, <I>P</I> = 0.042), total cholesterol and HbA<SUB>1c</SUB> (cholesterol: <I>r</I> = 0.169, <I>P</I> = 0.03, HbA<SUB>1c</SUB>; <I>r</I> = 0.387, <I>P</I> = 0.044). Logistic regression analyses showed that urinary &bgr;ig-h3 was associated with a significant increase in the risk of microalbuminuria and proteinuria in diabetic patients.</P><P>Conclusions </P><P>Longitudinal monitoring of urinary &bgr;ig-h3 may improve the likelihood of detecting diabetic nephropathy at an earlier stage and &bgr;ig-h3 could be a sensitive marker of diabetic kidney disease progression.</P>
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Shin, J.,Jung, Y.H.,Cho, D.H.,Park, M.,Lee, K.E.,Yang, Y.,Jeong, C.,Sung, B.H.,Sohn, J.H.,Park, J.B.,Kweon, D.H. IPC Science and Technology Press ; Elsevier Scienc 2015 Enzyme and microbial technology Vol.79 No.-
Caveolae are membrane-budding structures that exist in many vertebrate cells. One of the important functions of caveolae is to form membrane curvature and endocytic vesicles. Recently, it was shown that caveolae-like structures were formed in Escherichia coli through the expression of caveolin-1. This interesting structure seems to be versatile for a variety of biotechnological applications. Targeting of heterologous proteins in the caveolae-like structure should be the first question to be addressed for this purpose. Here we show that membrane proteins co-expressed with caveolin-1 are embedded into the heterologous caveolae (h-caveolae), the cavaolae-like structures formed inside the cell. Two transmembrane SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) proteins, Syntaxin 1a and vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2), were displayed on the h-caveolae surface. The size of the h-caveolae harboring the transmembrane proteins was ~100nm in diameter. The proteins were functional and faced outward on the h-caveolae. Multi-spanning transmembrane proteins FtsH and FeoB could be included in the h-caveolae, too. Furthermore, the recombinant E. coli cells were shown to endocytose substrate supplemented in the medium. These results provide a basis for exploiting the h-caveolae formed inside E. coli cells for future biotechnological applications.
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Shin, C. M.,Kim, N.,Chang, H.,Kim, J. S.,Lee, D. H.,Jung, H. C. Plenum Pub. Corp 2016 Digestive diseases and sciences Vol.61 No.4
<P>Changes in CDX1/CDX2 in gastric mucosae following Helicobacter pylori eradication have not been clarified yet. To evaluate the changes in CDX1/CDX2 expression after H. pylori eradication, in relation to the reversibility of intestinal metaplasia (IM). Time course of CDX1/CDX2 expressions was investigated in 176 subjects with various gastroduodenal disorders. Among them, 132 patients were H. pylori positives; H. pylori were eradicated in 107 of them; 13 failed to eradicate; and 12 did not receive H. pylori eradication therapy. Forty-four subjects were H. pylori negatives. Expression levels in CDX1 and CDX2 from noncancerous gastric mucosae of the corpus, as well as the histologic findings of gastric mucosae, were evaluated during the follow-up. Average follow-up duration was 33.7 months (range 2-97 months). Expression levels in both CDX1 and CDX2 mRNAs were correlated with IM grade in the corpus (rho = 0.633 and 0.554, respectively, all P < 0.001). Changes in CDX1/CDX2 mRNA expressions following H. pylori eradication showed only insignificant results; IM grade at the antrum and corpus showed a tendency to decrease after H. pylori eradication without statistical significance (P > 0.05). However, histologic improvement of IM at the corpus was associated with a decrease in CDX2 mRNA expression during the follow-up (linear mixed model, P for slope = 0.015). In this study, eradication of H. pylori did not show any beneficial effects on aberrant CDX1/CDX2 expressions or IM. Reversibility of IM may be associated with a decrease in CDX2 mRNA expression.</P>
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H. pylori 제균 실패율과 clarithromycin 내성률의 일치성
허재형 ( J. H. Heo ),남승우 ( S. W. Nam ),노임환 ( I. H. Roe ),양미라 ( M. R. Yang ),김정택 ( J. T. Kim ),송일환 ( I. H. Song ),임창영 ( C. Y. Lim ),김정원 ( J. W. Kim ),신지현 ( J. H. Shin ) 대한소화기학회 2002 대한소화기학회 춘계학술대회 Vol.2002 No.-
<목적> H. pylori 제균 치료성적을 좌우하는 요소에는 약제와 대상 환자군의 선정, 균검사방법의 차이, 항생제 저항성 등이 중요시되고 있다. 이 중에서도 항생제 저항성은 나라간의 H. pylori 제균 성적을 다르게 하는 대표적인 원인이다. 우리나라는 제균률이 외국보다 저조하여 85%내외로 보고되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 H. pylori 제균 실패율과 clarithromycin 내성률을 조사하여 제균 실패 원인으로서의 clarithromycin
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