저온소결 세라믹을 이용한 적층형 전압제어발진기의 설계제작

朴貴南,宋眞亨,金志均,李憲用 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2004 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.23 No.-

The circuit substrate was made from the LTCC that a ε_(r) was 7.8. Accumulated Varactor and the low noise transistor which were a Surface Mount Device-type element on LTCC substrate. Let passive element composed R, L, C with strip-line of three dimensions in the multilayer substrate circuit inside, and one structure integrated band-pass filter, resonator, a bias line and a matching circuit. Used Screen-Print process, and made Strip-line resonator. A design produced and multilayer-type VCO and recognized a characteristic with the Spectrum Analyzer which was measurement equipment. Measured multilayer structure VCO is oscillation frequency 1292[MHz], oscillation output -28.38[dBm], harmonics characteristic -45[dBc] in control voltage 1.5[V]. A phase noise is -68.22[dBc/Hz] in 100 [kHz] offset frequency. The oscillation frequency variable characteristic showed 30[MHz/V] characteristic, and consumption electric current is approximately 10[mA].

Phosphorylation of ezrin-radixin-moesin-binding phosphoprotein 50 (EBP50) by Akt promotes stability and mitogenic function of S-phase kinase-associated protein-2 (Skp2).

Song, Gyun Jee,Leslie, Kristen L,Barrick, Stacey,Mamonova, Tatyana,Fitzpatrick, Jeremy M,Drombosky, Kenneth W,Peyser, Noah,Wang, Bin,Pellegrini, Maria,Bauer, Philip M,Friedman, Peter A,Mierke, Dale F American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2015 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.290 No.5

<P>The regulation of the cell cycle by the ubiquitin-proteasome system is dependent on the activity of E3 ligases. Skp2 (S-phase kinase associated protein-2) is the substrate recognition subunit of the E3 ligase that ubiquitylates the cell cycle inhibitors p21(cip1) and p27(kip1) thus promoting cell cycle progression. Increased expression of Skp2 is frequently observed in diseases characterized by excessive cell proliferation, such as cancer and neointima hyperplasia. The stability and cellular localization of Skp2 are regulated by Akt, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects remain only partly understood. The scaffolding protein Ezrin-Binding Phosphoprotein of 50 kDa (EBP50) contains two PDZ domains and plays a critical role in the development of neointimal hyperplasia. Here we report that EBP50 directly binds Skp2 via its first PDZ domain. Moreover, EBP50 is phosphorylated by Akt on Thr-156 within the second PDZ domain, an event that allosterically promotes binding to Skp2. The interaction with EBP50 causes cytoplasmic localization of Skp2, increases Skp2 stability and promotes proliferation of primary vascular smooth muscle cells. Collectively, these studies define a novel regulatory mechanism contributing to aberrant cell growth and highlight the importance of scaffolding function of EBP50 in Akt-dependent cell proliferation.</P>

Pharmacological Modulation of Functional Phenotypes of Microglia in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Song, Gyun Jee,Suk, Kyoungho Frontiers Media S.A. 2017 FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE Vol.9 No.-

<P>Microglia are the resident innate immune cells of the central nervous system that mediate brain homeostasis maintenance. Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a hallmark shared by various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis. Numerous studies have shown microglial activation phenotypes to be heterogeneous; however, these microglial phenotypes can largely be categorized as being either M1 or M2 type. Although the specific classification of M1 and M2 functionally polarized microglia remains a topic for debate, the use of functional modulators of microglial phenotypes as potential therapeutic approaches for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases has garnered considerable attention. This review discusses M1 and M2 microglial phenotypes and their relevance in neurodegenerative disease models, as described in recent literature. The modulation of microglial polarization toward the M2 phenotype may lead to development of future therapeutic and preventive strategies for neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, we focus on recent studies of microglial polarization modulators, with a particular emphasis on the small-molecule compounds and their intracellular target proteins.</P>

Study on the Change of Catecholamine, Arginine Vasopressin and Vl Vasopressin Receptor Release in the Stressed Rat Brain.

(Tae Gyun Kim),(Jee Hee Kim),(Seung Hee Kim),(Seog Youn Kang),(Ki Kyung Chung),(Young Buhm Huh),(Song Deuk Lee) 한국응용약물학회 1997 학술대회 Vol.1997 No.1

동맥관통법을 이용한 액와 상완신경총 차단후 발생한 상완신경총 손상

김종균,송선옥,여정은,지대림 대한마취과학회 1998 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.35 No.3

A 25-year-old male patient was received emergency operation, open reduction and tenorrhaphy owing to degloving injury on the dorsum of his left hand, under axillary brachial plexus block using a transarterial approach. Following operation, he revealed the signs and symptoms of brachial plexus injury such as weakness, sensory deficit and tingling sensation on his left forearm and hand. The finding on electromyography(EMG), performed on the 16th postoperative day(POD), was indicative of left incomplete brachial plexus injury, mainly in medial cord and ulnar nerve, and partially median and radial nerve at/above the axillary level. The signs and symptoms were improved slightly on POD 8 and a lot on POD 23. The complete recovery of symptoms and regeneration of injured nerve on EMG were confirmed 3 months following operation. In this case, the causative factors of brachial plexus injury were suggested in stretching of the brachial plexus due to improper positioning of injured arm during or after operation, combined with or without injury due to nerve block or tourniquet compression. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1998; 35: 574∼578)

Metabolic Connection of Inflammatory Pain: Pivotal Role of a Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase-Pyruvate Dehydrogenase-Lactic Acid Axis

Jha, Mithilesh Kumar,Song, Gyun Jee,Lee, Maan Gee,Jeoung, Nam Ho,Go, Younghoon,Harris, Robert A.,Park, Dong Ho,Kook, Hyun,Lee, In-Kyu,Suk, Kyoungho Society for Neuroscience 2015 The Journal of neuroscience Vol.35 No.42

<P>Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDK1–4) are mitochondrial metabolic regulators that serve as decision makers via modulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity to convert pyruvate either aerobically to acetyl-CoA or anaerobically to lactate. Metabolic dysregulation and inflammatory processes are two sides of the same coin in several pathophysiological conditions. The lactic acid surge associated with the metabolic shift has been implicated in diverse painful states. In this study, we investigated the role of PDK-PDH-lactic acid axis in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory pain. Deficiency of <I>Pdk2</I> and/or <I>Pdk4</I> in mice attenuated complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced pain hypersensitivities. Likewise, <I>Pdk2/4</I> deficiency attenuated the localized lactic acid surge along with hallmarks of peripheral and central inflammation following intraplantar administration of CFA. <I>In vitro</I> studies supported the role of PDK2/4 as promoters of classical proinflammatory activation of macrophages. Moreover, the pharmacological inhibition of PDKs or lactic acid production diminished CFA-induced inflammation and pain hypersensitivities. Thus, a PDK-PDH-lactic acid axis seems to mediate inflammation-driven chronic pain, establishing a connection between metabolism and inflammatory pain.</P><P><B>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</B> The mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) kinases (PDKs) and their substrate PDH orchestrate the conversion of pyruvate either aerobically to acetyl-CoA or anaerobically to lactate. Lactate, the predominant end product of glycolysis, has recently been identified as a signaling molecule for neuron-glia interactions and neuronal plasticity. Pathological metabolic shift and subsequent lactic acid production are thought to play an important role in diverse painful states; however, their contribution to inflammation-driven pain is still to be comprehended. Here, we report that the PDK-PDH-lactic acid axis constitutes a key component of inflammatory pain pathogenesis. Our findings establish an unanticipated link between metabolism and inflammatory pain. This study unlocks a previously ill-explored research avenue for the metabolic control of inflammatory pain pathogenesis.</P>

A study on the patterns of expression of the DAZ and HSP genes in the testicular tissue of men with azoospermia

Ho-Joon Lee,Hyoung-Song Lee,Gyun-Jee Song,Hye-Kyung Byun,Youl-Hee Cho,Jong-Hyun Kim,Ju-Tae Seo,Yoo-Sik Lee 대한의학유전학회 1997 대한의학유전학회지 Vol.1 No.1

Spermatogenesis is known to be regulated by a number of genes and several factors such as hormones, growth factors, cytokines and others. This study was done to evaluate the relationship between HSPs and DAZ genes in human spermatogenesis; we observed the expression pattern of HSP gene in azoospermia men with DAZ gene that regulated the gene expression related with human spermatogenesis. RT-PCR method was used to detect DAZ, HSP70A, and HSP70B transcripts in all RNA samples. Total RNA was extracted from 21 testis tissues using TRIZOL reagent. cDNAs were synthesized with reverse transcriptase, AMV. All PCR reaction were performed on a PCR themocycler with DAZ, HSP70A and HSP70B-specific primers. Semen analysis, karyotyping and testis histology were performed DAZ gene, known as a candidate gene of azoospermia factor(AZF), was deleted in 2 of 21 patients. To evaluate the only effects of HSPs in this patients, 2 DAZ deleted cases were removed. We observed the mRNA of HSP70B in 5 whereas none could be seen with regard to HSP70A. Furthermore, the sperm of these 5 men were discovered to be immature. In conclusion, HSP70B as well as DAZ gene seem to be involved causing spermatogenic failure. We suggest that HSP70B plays an important role in spermatogenesis and it is one of factors induced sperm maturation in human.

Functional dissection of astrocyte-secreted proteins: Implications in brain health and diseases

Jha, Mithilesh Kumar,Kim, Jong-Heon,Song, Gyun Jee,Lee, Won-Ha,Lee, In-Kyu,Lee, Ho-Won,An, Seong Soo A.,Kim, SangYun,Suk, Kyoungho Elsevier 2018 Progress in neurobiology Vol.162 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Astrocytes, which are homeostatic cells of the central nervous system (CNS), display remarkable heterogeneity in their morphology and function. Besides their physical and metabolic support to neurons, astrocytes modulate the blood-brain barrier, regulate CNS synaptogenesis, guide axon pathfinding, maintain brain homeostasis, affect neuronal development and plasticity, and contribute to diverse neuropathologies via secreted proteins. The identification of astrocytic proteome and secretome profiles has provided new insights into the maintenance of neuronal health and survival, the pathogenesis of brain injury, and neurodegeneration. Recent advances in proteomics research have provided an excellent catalog of astrocyte-secreted proteins. This review categorizes astrocyte-secreted proteins and discusses evidence that astrocytes play a crucial role in neuronal activity and brain function. An in-depth understanding of astrocyte-secreted proteins and their pathways is pivotal for the development of novel strategies for restoring brain homeostasis, limiting brain injury/inflammation, counteracting neurodegeneration, and obtaining functional recovery.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Astrocytes are important regulators of brain functions, and crucial functions are executed via astrocyte-secreted proteins. </LI> <LI> Astrocyte-secreted proteins play key roles in physiological processes and execute both detrimental and beneficial actions in CNS disorders. </LI> <LI> Understanding the many functions of astrocyte-secreted proteins under specific spatiotemporal conditions may lead to major advancements in astrocyte biology. </LI> <LI> Functional dissection of astrocyte-secreted proteins can facilitate the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for neurological disorders. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

균형 전좌 또는 Robertsonian 전좌 보인자의 체외수정 및 배아이식술에서 형광직접보합법을 이용한 착상전 유전자진단의 임상적 적용

전진현(Jin Hyun Jun),송견지(Gyun Jee Song),김정욱(Jeong Wook Kim),박소연(So Yeon Park),김계현(Kye Hyun Kim),최범채(Bum Chae Choi),궁미경(Mi Kyoung Koong),강인수(Inn Soo Kang),임천규(Chun Kyu Lim),한미현(Mi Hyun Han) 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.7

Objective : This study was performed to evaluate the efficiency of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) using fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) in Robertsonian or balanced reciprocal translocation carriers in human IVF-ET programm.Method : FISH was carried out in 25 cycles of 15 couples. Two-color FISH analysis was performed on 54 polar bodies in 3 cycles and 234 blastomeres in 22 cycles. After FISH analysis, the embryos with normal FISH signals were transferred into mother's uterus.Results : In FISH analysis of polar bodies, 18 nuclei of polar bodies were normal and 12 embryos were transferred in 3 cycles. FISH efficiency per oocyte was 95.0% in cases using polar bodies. In FISH analysis of blastomeres, 49 embryos were normal and transferred in 21 cycles. FISH efficiency per embryo was 92.7% using blastomeres. At present, three pregnancies were achieved. A girl and a boy were delivered. Both of them were translocation carriers. The other conceptus showed normal karyotype.Conclusion : According to this study, PGD using FISH can be successfully applied for the patients with translocations of chromosomes.

A study on the patterns of expression of the DAZ and HSP genes in the testicular tissue of men with azoospermia

Lee, Ho-Joon,Lee, Hyoung-Song,Song, Gyun-Jee,Byun, Hye-Kyung,Cho, Youl-Hee,Kim, Jong-Hyun,Seo, Ju-Tae,Lee, Yoo-Sik Korean Society of Medical Genetics 1997 대한의학유전학회지 Vol.1 No.1

Spermatogenesis is known to be regulated by a number of genes and several factors such as hormones, growth factors, cytokines and others. This study was done to evaluate the relationship between HSPs and DAZ genes in human spermatogenesis; we observed the expression pattern of HSP gene in azoospermia men with DAZ gene that regulated the gene expression related with human spermatogenesis. RT-PCR method was used to detect DAZ, HSP70A, and HSP70B transcripts in all RNA samples. Total RNA was extracted from 21 testis tissues using TRIZOL reagent. cDNAs were synthesized with reverse transcriptase, AMV. All PCR reaction were performed on a PCR themocycler with DAZ, HSP70A, and HSP70B-specific primers. Semen analysis, karyotyping and testis histology were performed. DAZ gene, known as a candidate gene of azoospermia factor(AZF), was deleted in 2 of 21 patients. To evaluate the only effects of HSPs in this patients, 2 DAZ deleted cases were removed. We observed the mRNA of HSP70B in 5 whereas none could be seen with regard to HSP70A. Furthermore, the sperm of these 5 men were discovered to be immature. In conclusion, HSP70B as well ad DAZ gene seem to be involved causing spermatogenic failure. We suggest that HSP70B plays an important role in spermatogenesis and it is one of factors induced sperm maturation in human.