보성산 유기농 녹차의 품질에 따른 카테킨 함량과 항산화능 비교 분석

박경련(Kyung Ryun Park),이상길(Sang Gil Lee),남태규(Tae Gyu Nam),김영준(Young Jun Kim),김영록(Young-Rok Kim),김대옥(Dae-Ok Kim) 한국식품과학회 2009 한국식품과학회지 Vol.41 No.1

유기농 녹차의 등급별 총페놀 함량과 항산화능은 각 추출 용매에 따른 수율을 확인하였을 때 물 추출에 비하여 수용성 유기용매의 추출 수율이 유의적으로 높았다. 유기용매를 이용한 추출수율은 물을 이용할 때 보다 총페놀 함량은 1.5에서 3.2배, 항산화능은 1.8에서 3.8배 정도 높게 나타났다. HPLC 분석을 통하여 총페놀 함량과 항산화능의 상관관계를 비교 시 총페놀 함량이 증가함에 따라 항산화능이 1차 선형관계로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. HPLC분석을 통하여 유기농 녹차에 함유되어 있는 다양한 카테킨의 함량이 채엽시기에 따라 변화가 나타났다. 유기농 녹차의 카테킨 성분 중 가장 많이 존재하는 EGCG가 건조중량당 5.8-7.7%의 함량을 보였고, caffeine은 1.7-2.9%의 함량을 보였다. 유기농 녹차의 카테킨 함량은 일반적으로 채엽 시기가 늦어짐에 따라서 점차 감소하였다. 유기농 녹차의 등급에 따른 항산화능은 최상급인 우전에서 가장 높았으며 최하등급인 엽차에서 가장 낮게 나타났다. HPLC 분석에 의한 유기농 녹차의 등급에 따른 총 카테킨 함량(㎎/g)은 우전(155.4), 세작(147.7), 중작(143.2), 엽차(135.1), 대작(130.5)의 순서로 감소하였다. 이를 통해 녹차의 채엽 시기가 유기농 녹차의 카테킨 성분 및 항산화능에도 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 전반적으로 상급의 유기농 녹차 일수록 총페놀 및 카테킨 함량이 많으며 또한 더 높은 항산화능을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of various solvents on extraction of bioactive phenolics and to analyze the antioxidant capacity and contents of individual catechins in various grades of green teas organically grown in Boseong, Korea. The organic green teas, based on their harvest seasons, were categorized into five grades such as Woo-Jeon, Se-Jak, Jung-Jak, Dae-Jak, and coarse tea. Solvents used to extract phenolics from these teas included water at 23℃ and 70℃ as well as 80% (v/v) aqueous methanol and ethanol. In general, aqueous organic solvents of methanol and ethanol led to higher extraction yields of phenolics than water at 23℃ and 70℃. Total phenolics and antioxidant capacity of the teas extracted with the aqueous organic solvents were approximately 1.5 to 3.2 and 1.8 to 3.8 times higher than those with water at 23℃ and 70℃, respectively. Coarse tea, the lowest grade of green tea, showed approximately 30-60% lower total phenolics and antioxidant capacity compared with the higher grade ones. Reversed-phase HPLC analysis was performed quantitatively to identify individual catechins, gallic acid, and caffeine in teas extracted with 80% (v/v) aqueous methanol. Based on their dry weights, the organic green teas contained about 1.7 to 2.9% of caffeine. Content (㎎/g dry weight) of tea catechins decreased in the following order: Woo-Jeon (155.4) > Se-Jak (147.7) > Jung-Jak (143.2) > coarse tea (135.1) > Dae-Jak (130.5). (-)-Epigall℃atechin gallate was the most abundant among the catechins analyzed. The highest grade of green tea, Woo-Jeon, had the highest amount of (-)-epigall℃atechin gallate at 77.4 ㎎/g dry weight. Overall, the higher grade of organic green teas tended to have the higher level of antioxidant capacity and catechins.

원발성 두개골내 수막종 : 1예 보고 A Case Report

김대호,홍현숙,조준희,박재성,박성진,차장규,백상현,이혜경 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

Primary intraosseous meningioma of skull is rare, and often confused with a primary bone tumor. We report a case of a 71 years old female patient with an intraosseous calvarial meningioma of frontal bone presenting as a solitary osteolytic skull lesion. Plain skull radiograph, CT and MR images show sharply marginated expansile bony lesion in frontal skull vault, and a small well enhanced soft tissue mass within bone. The mass is extracranially protruded to scalp, and is partially attached to the underlying dura. Outer and inner table of skull vault is slightly bulged out, suggesting intradiploic origin of the tumor. The tumor was treated with surgical excision and cranioplasty. Histological examination revealed fibrous meningioma.

신경회로망의 연상기억에 관한 연구

김대웅,박현규 서강정보대학 1996 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Artificial neural nets(ANNs) are networks composed of elementary units and weighted connections, which resemble simplified models of the nervous system. With ANNs it seems to be possible to simulate different features of humans like learning, memory, detection of analogies or handling of similarities. Associate memory usually enables a parallel search within a stored data file. The purpose of the search is to output either one or all stored data match the given search argument, and to retrive it either entirely or partially. Due to parallel processing mode, associative memories can be successfully applied if correctly designed. An important design aspect should involve accounting for a safe memory operation margin. This should include the study of existing possible trade-offs between the memory size and the numbers of stored patterns or their pairs. The study should also involve the expected noise tolerance, distance between stored patterns, etc.

아파트 單位平面의 住居規模 適正化를 위한 基礎모델에 관한 硏究 : 釜山市 國民住宅規模 아파트를 中心으로 With a National Housing-size Apartment in Pusan

송대호,정성규,박춘근 동아대학교 건설기술연구소 1996 硏究報告 Vol.20 No.1

This study is purposed to propose the basic model for calculation of the proper dwelling size, which is suitable to the conscious structure and form of the dwelling life of Korean, in planning the unit plan with a national housing-size apartment after this. It limits the factors which effect the dwelling size(Y) to general household characteristic of dweller and the activity of dwelling life. It clears the formula by regression model in the relation between these factors and dwelling size(Y). The results is follows ; 1) Y(X_(8)) = 1.55397(FF2)+1.08807(FF3)+0.62683(FF1)+18.89860, estimate ability of this formula comes into 23.6%. 2) Y(X_(8)) =0.99396(BB1)+0.43160(BB3)+0.33118(BB2)+0.34311, estimate ability of this formula comes into 28.5%. This study tries estimating the dwelling size(Y) not by the degree of satisfaction, but the aquirement marks of the exclusive dwelling-ratio in part. But the study is elementary in estimating the dwelling size(Y) and vary estimations are expected in the method of study. Thus the study is necessary to be achieved lastingly in the propriety of interpretation the value of dweller's degree of satisfaction.

SOI를 이용한 4채널 AWG Router의 설계 및 제작

장규호,박종대 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2000 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.19 No.-

In this paper, we present the design of 4 channel AWG router with low insertion loss and crosstlk using SOI. This device was designed and simulated by EIM and FD-BPM. It was observed that the insertion loss was 2.68 dB and the crosstlk was well below -30dB for all channels. This device was fabricated by dry etching technique.

신축학교 실내공기질이 초등학생들의 인지기능에 미치는 영향

김태섭,김선주,박시영,전만중,김규태,김창윤,정종학,백성옥,사공준 대한산업의학회 2007 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.19 No.1

목적: 신축초등학교와 대조학교를 선정하여 교실 내 포름알데히드와 TVOCs를 측정하고 컴퓨터 신경행동검사를 이용하여 실내공기 오염물질이 학생들의 인지기능에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 방법: 신축초등학교 5학년 71명을 실내공기 오염물질 노출군으로 하고, 개교한지 12년째인 대구시의 일개 초등학교 5학년 2학급 63명을 대조군으로 하여 실내공기 오염물질농도 측정 및 컴퓨터 신경행동검사를 실시하였다. 결과: 신축학교에서 의도적으로 창문을 개방한 학급에서 1교시 포름알데히드 농도는 34.6 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에는 27.3 ㎍/㎥, 창문을 개방하지 않은 학급에서 1교시 80.2 ㎍/㎥, 4교시 127.1 ㎍/㎥, 대조학교에서는 2학급 각각 1교시에 12.6 ㎍/㎥, 7.5 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 19.8 ㎍/㎥, 25.2 ㎍/㎥였다. TVOCs의 경우 신축학교의 의도적으로 창문을 개방한 학급에서 1교시에 농도는 487.2 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 428.2 ㎍/㎥, 창문을 개방하지 않은 학급에서 1 교시에 농도는 1,283.5 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 1,715.4 ㎍/㎥, 대조학교의 경우 2학급에서 각각 1교시에 농도는 240.9 ㎍/㎥, 150.8 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 농도는 371.9 ㎍/㎥, 448.0 ㎍/㎥였다. 부호숫자 짝짓기의 평균반응시간은 대조학급이 1교시에 2,585 msec에서 4교시에 2,459 msec으로 감소한 반면 신축학교의 창문을 의도적으로 개방한 학급은 2,343 msec에서 2,510 msec으로, 평소대로 수업한 학급은 2,340 msec에서 2,563 msec으로 반응시간이 각각 167 msec, 223 msec 증가하였다. 1교시의 부호숫자 짝짓기 의 반응시간을 100%로 했을 때 창문을 의도적으로 개방 한 학급은 4교시에 5.9% 증가하였고(p<0.01), 평소대로 수업한 학급은8.3% 증가하였다(p<0.01). 반면에 대조학급은 4교시에 5.0% 감소하였다(p<0.01). 결론: 향후 학교의 실내공기질의 안전성 평가는 샘플링 된 공기의 오염수준의 측정뿐만 아니라 학생들의 건강영향도 함께 고려되는 것이 바람직할 것이다. Objectives: Most studies on the indoor air quality of newly built schools have focused only on the number of schools exceeding a standard or on subjective symptoms, such as sneezing, irritated eyes and an irritated nose. However, there has been no report on how poor indoor air quality affects children's academic performance. This study evaluated the effects of indoor air quality on the neurobehavioral performance of elementary school children. Methods: This study measured the indoor air pollutants and compared children's performance, using a computerized neurobehavioral test, between a newly built and a 12-year-old school. In addition, a questionnaire was administered regarding the indoor air quality related symptoms of children in a newly built and a 12-year-old school. Results: In the newly built school, the formaldehyde levels in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with an open window were 34.6 and 27.3 μg/㎥, respectively. The levels in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with the window closed were 80.2 and 127.1 μg/㎥, respectively. In the 12-year-old school, the formaldehyde levels in 1^(st) and 4^(th) class with open and closed window were 12.6 and 7.5 μg/㎥, and 19.8 and 25.2 μg/㎥, respectively. With respect to total volatile organic compounds, the levels in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with the window open in the newly built school were 87.2 and 428.2 μg/㎥, respectively. In the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with the window closed, the total volatile organic compounds were 1,283.5 and 1,715.4 μg/㎥, respectively. In the 12-year-old school, the total volatile organic compounds were 240.9 and 150.8 μg/㎥, and 371.9 and 448.0 μg/㎥ in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes, respectively. In the case of a newly built school, the performance of the students in the neurobehavioral test in the 4^(th) class with the window closed was 8.3% lower than for those in the 1^(st) class with the window closed, but was only 5.9% lower when the windows were open. There was a statistical significant difference in the total numbers of symptoms between the two schools. Conclusions: These results suggest a proper evaluation of the indoor air quality within schools is required into both the level of contamination and the health effects of these contaminants toward children.

精神分裂症의 生物學的 標識들

정주화,박대규,김현준 대한생물치료정신의학회 1995 생물치료정신의학 Vol.1 No.1

This article would include a comprehensive review of biological markers in schizophrenia. A marker is measurable variation in structure, function, or performance that is associated with an illness. There are at least two important kinds of markers in psychiatry. The first, state marker is found in at least a subgroup of acutely ill patients. The second kind, the trait marker is genetically controlled, seen during illness, before symptom first appear, and between episodes, and is also prevalent in close relatives. Finding biological markers for schizophrenia have been rendered particularly difficult mainly because of three factors : diagnostic uncertainty ; the possibility that schizophrenia is caused by the concerted action of more than one gene ; unlike other organs, central nervous system has seemed nearly impenetrable to researchers. Recent technological advances has made possible the exploration of numerous aspects of brain function and structure, and has permitted the development of biological measures that could potentially serve as markers of schizophrenia. The search for biological markers has extended through a wide range of disciplines, including psychophysiology, neurochemistry, neuroendocrinology, psychoimmunology, neuropathology, psychiatric genetics, neuropsychology, and brain imaging. However, despite dramatic progress in these research areas, biological markers with sufficient specificity, sensitivity and replicability to be used in clinical evaluation have not yet been identified. Nevertheless, there are several candidates. In this review, we describe characteristics and research methods of putative biological markers, and evaluate both their promise and their limitations, and discuss potential utility in clarifying diagnostic, diagnostic, genetic, therapeutic, and prognostic issues in schizophrenia.

간질발작후 MRI 영상에서 뇌 종창을 보인 3예 보고

홍현숙,김대호,이혜경,박재성,박성진,조준희,차장규,백상현 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

We report seizure induced brain swelling in three patients. MRI revealed a cortical, subcortical(3/3), and basal ganglia(2/3) high signal intensity on T2- weighted and FLAIR images. The lesion shows low signal on T1-weighted image, and enhanced after contrast administration. Follow up study after 27 days in one case revealed complete resolution of the lesion. The reversible MRI findings may be the results of a local brain swelling, breakdown of blood-brain permeability, and a defect of cerebral autoregulation during seizure activity. The transient nature of such findings have to be considered in the differential diagnosis such as reversible ischemia, migraine, inflammation and infection.

제품보호용 포장재 개발

김정필,강재현,박대연,유성구,서길수 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 2000 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.28 No.1

The environment to which a packaged-product is exposed, during handling and transportation, very often includes temporary storage. In the interest of conserving warehouse cube, packaged-products are stacked upon one another to a height which far exceeds that possible in a railcar, truck-trailer, aircraft or other conveyance. the hight to which the height to which a packaged-product may be stacked will vary depending upon the warehouse ceiling height-seldom over twenty feet. This procedure for expirimental covers testing of packaged-products weighing under 100 pounds when prepared for shipment. The BASIC requirements of this procedure consist of vibration and drop tests-which must be performed in that sequence.

상염색체우성 다낭신의 임상경과 및 합병증

이상주,이영모,이한규,최대은,박기현,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의학연구소 2001 충남의대잡지 Vol.28 No.2

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease(ADPKD) is one of most common hereditary disorder. It is potentially fatal and the major mobilities are hypertension and renal failure. To elucidate clinical characteristics and outcomes of ADPKD, 67 ADPKD patients were analyzed retrospectively. The male to female ratio was 48 years for males and 42 years for females. The factors leading to the dignosis of ADPKD were flank or abdominal pain (46%), palpable abdominal mass (24%), incidental findings (18%), gross hematuria and headache. Urinalysis result showed hematuria (31%), proteinuria (19%), pyuria (18%). Among renal complications hypertension (67%) was the most common. Other complications were urolithiasis (16%) upper urinary tract infection (9%), cyst infection (7%). Azotemia was observed in 24% of cases. Echocardiography showed left ventricular hypertrophy in 24% and valvular regurgitation in 18% of cases, but there was no mital valve prolapse. Cerebrovascular events occurred in 6 cases (2 cases of intervertebral hemorrhage and 4 cases of cerebral infarction). Hipatic cyst were observed in 64% of cases. Eighteen cases culminated in end stage renal failure (ESRF) at an of 47. According to this study, the most common complications of ADPKD was hypertension (67%), ESRF (27%), and cerebrovascular event (9%). Hypertension was more frequently observed in increased creatinine group than normal.