Caffeine이 지구성 운동 수행능력에 미치는 영향과 억제성 아미노산에 의하여 활성화되는 이온통로의 조절작용

김은경,김영표,천병옥,이계영,김연정,임백빈,조영욱,김창주,김성수 대한스포츠의학회 1999 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.17 No.1

To investigate the effect and mechanism of caffeine on endurance exercise, two experiments were performed. First, to test caffeine effect on aerobic exercise, 200-300g Sprague-Dawley rats were used and three groups, control group, low caffeine injection group and high caffeine injection group, were divided. Blood smpling by heart puncture were done at rest, after 30 min treadmill exercise, and after maximal exercise. Blood glucose, free fatty acid concentration were detected and following results were obtained. Glucose concentration showed significant difference between groups(p=0.0305) and also significant changes were exhibited between time(p=0.0004). Free fatty acid concentration had no difference between groups. but had significance between times(p=0.00065). Exercise endurance performance time showed significant difference(p=0.02350 in high caffeine injection group compared to control group. In this experiments, endurance exercise capacity was increased by caffeine injection. Therefore, second experiment was performed to investigate the effect of caffeine on ion current induced inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter. GABA and glycine. Single periaqueductal gray neuron was acutely dissociated and nystatin perforated patch clamp was performed under voltage clamping condition. Caffeine evoked outward current in PAG neuron dose dependent manner. 1mM of caffeine application had no response. but 3mM caffeine evoked about 32.5±8.539pA outward ion current and 10mM caffeine evoked about 215.46±19.4pA outward current. 10^-2mM GABA activated Cl￣current and recorded by inward current. Caffeine inhibited GABA activated Cl￣ current concentration dependent manner. 10^-2mM of caffeine had no effect on 1-^-2mM of GABA response. but 10^-1mM caffeine inhibited GABA activated Cl￣ current about 5.74±2.13%, 1mM caffeine inhibited about 17.25±2.70%, 10mM caffeine inhibited GABA response about 45.31±7.71%. 10^-1mM of glycine activated Cl￣ current and also recorded by inward current. Caffeine inhibited glycine activated Cl￣ current concentration dependent manner. 10^-2mM caffeine decreased glycine activated Cl￣ current about 4.61±1.650%, 10^-1mM caffeine decreased about 6.49±2.24%, 1mM caffeine decreased about 26.82±4.27%, and 10mM caffeine decreased glycine response about 94.47±1.39%. These results suggest that caffeine inhibite inhibitory amino acid, GABA and glycine, this response causes excitation of CNS and this seems to be the basic mechanism of increasing effect to aerobic exercise performance by caffeine.

저크비용함수를 이용한 골프 숙련자와 초보자간의 퍼팅 동작 분석

임영태,최진승,한영민,김형식,이정한,전재훈,탁계래 한국운동역학회 2006 한국운동역학회지 Vol.16 No.1

腫瘍의 화학요법과 放射線療法의 副作用에 대한 韓方藥物療法

곽계호,김성훈,임낙철 대한동의병리학회 1995 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.9 No.2

연구배경 : 국내 질병에 의한 사망률중 암에 의한 것이 최상위를 차지하고 있으며 또한 그 비율이 점차 증가추세에 있다. 지금까지 국내외에서 암의 예방과 치료법에 대하여 대규모 연구가 진행되어 많은 함암제가 개발되었으나 여러 부작용이 나타나면서 최근에는 암의 치료를 극대화하면서 여러 항암치료의 부작용을 감소시키기 위한 생약 및 한약에 대한 연 구가 활발히 진행되고 있어, 저자는 향후한약을 이용한 실험연구와 임상에 기여하고자 제 관련 문헌을 정리 조사하여 보고하게 되었다. 방법 : 한의학에서의 연구동향과 암치료에 널리 활용되고 있는 화학료법 및 방사선료법의 부작용감소를 위한 한방약물료법에 관해 한의학의 중요서적과 잡지를 중심으로 정리하고 비교 고찰하였다. 결과 : 종양치료에 활용된 치법으로는 부정법(扶正法)과 거사법(祛邪法)으로 크게 나눌수 있는데 부정법에 활용된 약물로는 삼류와 백출, 황기, 복령, 감초, 자감초, 당귀, 백작약, 생지황, 숙지황 등의 약물이 선용되었으며, 거사약물로는 백화사설초, 반지련, 석상백외 18종 이 주로사용되었고, 종양치료에 실험 및 임상에서 유효하였던 처방은 화류탕등을 비롯 다 양한 처방이 면역 기능을 증강시켜 부작용감소 및 병용투여에서 상승효과를 나타냈다. To be helpful to the treatment of cancer with oriental medicine, we got clinical report together and analyzed the data. The results were obtained as follows; 1. The treating methods could be summarized as two methods that were reinforcing vital energy and eliminating harmful Qi; The methods of reinforcing vital energy were reinforcing spleen and increasing Qi; reinforcing spleen and harmonize stomach, aid virility and nourishing blood, nourishing stomach and incresing body fluid, reinforcing kidney and strength the basic energy, warmth kidney and aid virility. The other methods of eliminating poison were transforming pathological fluid and softening activating blood, transforming pathological blood, guiding Qi, take off and harmonize harmful body fluid, disperse Qi and dry the dampness, transforming pathological blood and harmonize moisture. 2. The oriental herbs used for reinforcing vital energy were Radix Ginseng, Codonops is Pilosulae Radix, Radix Pseudostellariae, Adenophorae Radix, Scrophulariae Radix, Astractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Astragali Radix, Poria, Gylcyrrhizae Radix, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Paeonilae Radix Alba, Rehmanniae Radix and used for eliminating harmful Qi were Oldenlindiae Diffusae Herba, Herba Scutellariae Barbatae, Paridis Rhizoma, Verbenae Herba, Smilacis Chlnae Rhizoma, Radix Semiaquilegiae, Houttuynae Herba et. 3.The useful prescriptions used for cancer therapy were Hwalyutang Yukmijihwangtang, Yonghosinchonghwan, Bokbangkyokolamtang, Yikki-sojeungbang, Samchobujeonhangamchungjye and Bokbangkyokolamtang, Yikksojeungbang were reported to be effective in immunodulatory reaction and Bokbangsamsahapjye, Sibjeondaeboang, Gagyulpijukyeotang, Hwayebokwontang showed the combined treatment with anticancer drug was effective and Hangamlyeong(抗癌靈) was effective for pain caused by cancer. 4.The useful antitumor effective prescriptions in experimental investi-sation were Yikikeonbihabjye, Keon biiksinchungjye, Bisinbang, Sankyeol pyeolpyeon, Hangamdanhyeokkeombokbang, Janglyupyeong, HangamIIho, Keonbiyikitang, Yikkiisojingbang, Sakunjatang, Bokbanggyongkyejusayek, Bujeonghangambang, Bokbangjungyakjusayek, Yukmijihwangtang, Samchobujeonghangamchungjae, Samkijusayek, Yikkiyanghyeolbowonkyonang, Samyongtang-Bojungikkitang, Soyinibo-jungikang among them Bisinbang, keonbiiksinchungjye, Janglyup-yeong, Keonbiyikitang, Yikkisojingbang, Yukmijihwangtang, Keumku-esinkihwan were showed antitumor effect by regulate immunity function. 5. The main treatment for the side effect by chemotheraphy was reinforcing Qi, spleen and harmonize stomach and Omisodokyeum, Hyangsaynkkunjatang, Yijintang, Kamlosodokdan, Silbiyeum, Hageojye-johwan, Sibjeondaebotang, Olyeongsan, Sobanhakaboklyeongtang, seung-baektang, Bisinbang, Keonbiyiksinbang, Sambaekdangjang, Bokbang-samsahabjye, Keonbiyikitang, Janganseungbaekchungjye, Kobonkeoe I ho, Bokihwawejikubang, Bokbangsaenghyeolyeng, Keonbiyikkibosinbang, Hwangbaekhabjye, Yukkunjatang, Seonbokdaejatang, Bangdoktang, Hwangjeongomibang, seunghyeoltang, Kilpijukyetang, Sakunjatang, Yikkibohy-eolkeonbitang, Kangyeoktang,Samkijusayaek, Bujeongseungbaektang, Yukmijihwanghwan, were suggested for the side effect by chemotheraphy. 6. The main treatment for the side effect by radiotheraphy was increasing Yin and clarifying heat, Sasammaekmundongtang, Boyeum-jeon, Maekmundongyeum, Dangkwibohyeltang, Paljintang, Bowontang, Yukkunjatang, Pyeongwesan, samintang, Kwakrakhalywongtang, Cheon-keumwekyeongtang, Sohamhamhyungtang, Paljeongsan, Sokyeoyeumja, Kalkeunkeumlyeongtang, Yeonlitang, Yilkwanjeon Oklyeojeon, Yukmijihwangtang, Hwangiyeontang, Hwanglyeonhaedoktang, Yangyeumcheongpyeoko, Yidongko, Chuliko, Cheongpyeotang, Jayeumkanghwatang, Hangbiyinam I ho, Hangbiyinam II ho, Hangbiyinam III ho, Hangbyinam IV ho, Jukyeoseokkotang, Samsatang I ho, Samsatang II ho, Samsatang, Bokbanggsaenghyeollyeng, Bujeongsaengjintang, Yikkiyangyeumbang, Sinlibpyeon, Sakunjatang, Sakunjatang, Kobonyik-kitang, keoehaedoktang, Bujeongjeunghyohabjye, were suggested for the side effect by radiotheraphy. 7. The useful prescription for the side effect by chemotheraphy and radiotherapy in experimental investigation were Hwangbaekhabjye, Sakunjatang, Yikkibohyeolkeonbitang, Bujeongsaengjintang, Samchobu

막-생물반응조 공정을 이용한 염색폐수의 처리

강민수,김성수,황규대,강종림 慶熙大學校 材料科學技術硏究所 1997 材料科學技術硏究論集 Vol.10 No.-

혐기-호기 생물반응조 공정과 막분리 공정을 조합한 막-생물반응조 공정을 이용하여 염색폐수 중의 난분해성 물질들을 제거하였다. 염색폐수 원수를 직접 막분리공정에 적용한 결과 심각한 fouling을 초래하였다. 반면 생물반응조로 1차 처리한 후 막분리공정에 적용한 경우 생물반응조가 막의 오염원을 상당부분 제거하여 fouling현상이 현저히 감소하였으며, 막의 수명도 연장시킬 수 있었다. 염색폐수의 처리효율 및 fouling현상은 막의 기공 크기나 구조보다는 막의 재질에 더욱 의존함을 확인하였다. 중공사막 module의 사용 방법 및 중공사막 내부의 유속에 따라서 제거효율 및 투과유량이 변화하였다 생물반응조나 막분리 단독공정보다 두공정을 조합한 공정이 보다 효과적으로 염색폐수 처리능력을 보였다. Membrane-bioreactor process which combines anaerobic-aerobic bioreactor and membrane process, was used to remove refractory organic susbstances and dye molecule in textile wastewater effectively. Direct feeding of raw feed water to membrane process caused serious fouling on membrane. On the other hand, pretreated feed by bioreactor before the membrane process remarkably reduced the fouling and prolonged the membrane life. Removal efficiency and fouling were more dependent on the material property of the membrane rather than the membrane pore size and structure. Operation mode of hollow fiber membrane module and linear velocity in the hollow fiber influenced the removal efficiency and the water flux of the membrane. The combined membrane-bioreactor process was more effective in treating the textile wastewater than each single process.

Melatonin modulates adiponectin expression on murine colitis with sleep deprivation

Kim, Tae Kyun,Park, Young Sook,Baik, Haing-Woon,Jun, Jin Hyun,Kim, Eun Kyung,Sull, Jae Woong,Sung, Ho Joong,Choi, Jin Woo,Chung, Sook Hee,Gye, Myung Chan,Lim, Ju Yeon,Kim, Jun Bong,Kim, Seong Hwan Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2016 WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY Vol.22 No.33

<P><B>AIM</B></P><P>To determine adiponectin expression in colonic tissue of murine colitis and systemic cytokine expression after melatonin treatments and sleep deprivation.</P><P><B>METHODS</B></P><P>The following five groups of C57BL/6 mice were used in this study: (1) group I, control; (2) group II, 2% DSS induced colitis for 7 d; (3) group III, 2% DSS induced colitis and melatonin treatment; (4) group IV, 2% DSS induced colitis with sleep deprivation (SD) using specially designed and modified multiple platform water baths; and (5) group V, 2% DSS induced colitis with SD and melatonin treatment. Melatonin (10 mg/kg) or saline was intraperitoneally injected daily to mice for 4 d. The body weight was monitored daily. The degree of colitis was evaluated histologically after sacrificing the mice. Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis was performed using anti-adiponectin antibody. After sampling by intracardiac punctures, levels of serum cytokines were measured by ELISA.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>Sleep deprivation in water bath exacerbated DSS induced colitis and worsened weight loss. Melatonin injection not only alleviated the severity of mucosal injury, but also helped survival during stressful condition. The expression level of adiponectin in mucosa was decreased in colitis, with the lowest level observed in colitis combined with sleep deprivation. Melatonin injection significantly (<I>P</I> < 0.05) recovered the expression of adiponectin. The expression levels of IL-6 and IL-17 were increased in the serum of mice with DSS colitis but decreased after melatonin injection.</P><P><B>CONCLUSION</B></P><P>This study suggested that melatonin modulated adiponectin expression in colonic tissue and melatonin and adiponectin synergistically potentiated anti-inflammatory effects on colitis with sleep deprivation.</P>

[P8-179] Comparative Studies on Effect of Dankwisoosan and Neutral Eo-Hyeol Herbal Acupuncture for healing in fracture of rat model

Gye Yeop Kim,Hye Lim Ahn,Eun Jung Kim,Mi Sook Shin,Young Eok Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2007 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2007 No.10

Effects of oxygen concentration and flow rate on cognitive ability and physiological responses in the elderly

Kim, Hyun-Jun,Park, Hyun-Kyung,Lim, Dae-Woon,Choi, Mi-Hyun,Kim, Hyun-Joo,Lee, In-Hwa,Kim, Hyung-Sik,Choi, Jin-Seung,Tack, Gye-Rae,Chung, Soon-Cheol Medknow PublicationsMedia Pvt Ltd 2013 Neural regeneration research Vol.8 No.3

<P>The supply of highly concentrated oxygen positively affects cognitive processing in normal young adults. However, there have been few reports on changes in cognitive ability in elderly subjects following highly concentrated oxygen administration. This study investigated changes in cognitive ability, blood oxygen saturation (%), and heart rate (beats/min) in normal elderly subjects at three different levels of oxygen [21% (1 L/min), 93% (1 L/min), and 93% (5 L/min)] administered during a 1-back task. Eight elderly male (75.3 ± 4.3 years old) and 10 female (71.1 ± 3.9 years old) subjects, who were normal in cognitive ability as shown by a score of more than 24 points in the Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea, participated in the experiment. The experiment consisted of an adaptation phase after the start of oxygen administration (3 minutes), a control phase to obtain stable baseline measurements of heart rate and blood oxygen saturation before the task (2 minutes), and a task phase during which the 1-back task was performed (2 minutes). Three levels of oxygen were administered throughout the three phases (7 minutes). Blood oxygen saturation and heart rate were measured during each phase. Our results show that blood oxygen saturation increased, heart rate decreased, and response time in the 1-back task decreased as the concentration and amount of administered oxygen increased. This shows that administration of sufficient oxygen for optimal cognitive functioning increases blood oxygen saturation and decreases heart rate.</P>

A new 2-pyrone derivative, 5-bromo-3-(3-hydroxyprop-1-ynyl)-2H-pyran-2-one, suppresses stemness in glioma stem-like cells.

Kim, Rae-Kwon,Kim, Min-Jung,Yoon, Chang-Hwan,Lim, Eun-Jung,Yoo, Ki-Chun,Lee, Ga-Haeng,Kim, Young-Heon,Kim, Hyeonmi,Jin, Yeung Bae,Lee, Yoon-Jin,Cho, Cheon-Gyu,Oh, Yeong Seok,Gye, Myung Chan,Suh, Yongj American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental 2012 Molecular pharmacology Vol.82 No.3

<P>Glioma cells with stem cell properties, termed glioma stem-like cells (GSCs), have been linked to tumor formation, maintenance, and progression and are responsible for the failure of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Because conventional glioma treatments often fail to eliminate GSCs completely, residual surviving GSCs are able to repopulate the tumor. Compounds that target GSCs might be helpful in overcoming resistance to anticancer treatments in human brain tumors. In this study, we showed that 5-bromo-3-(3-hydroxyprop-1-ynyl)-2H-pyran-2-one (BHP), a new 2-pyrone derivative, suppressed the maintenance of the GSC population in both a glioma cell line and patient-derived glioma cells. Treatment of GSCs with BHP effectively inhibited sphere formation and suppressed the CD133(+) cell population. Treatment with BHP also suppressed expression of the stemness-regulating transcription factors Sox2, Notch2, and β-catenin in sphere-cultured glioma cells. Treatment of GSCs with BHP significantly suppressed two fundamental characteristics of cancer stem cells: self-renewal and tumorigenicity. BHP treatment dramatically inhibited clone-forming ability at the single-cell level and suppressed in vivo tumor formation. BHP markedly inhibited both phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt and Ras/Raf-1/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling, which suggests that one or both of these pathways are involved in BHP-induced suppression of GSCs. In addition, treatment with BHP effectively sensitized GSCs to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Taken together, these results indicate that BHP targets GSCs and enhances their sensitivity to anticancer treatments and suggest that BHP treatment may be useful for treating brain tumors by eliminating GSCs.</P>

Fabrication of Bi-2212/SrSO₄ Composite Superconductors by Melting Powder Mixtures

Kim, Kyu Tae,Jang, Seok Hern,Lim, Jun Hyung,Park, Eui Cheol,Joo, Jin Ho,Lee, Hoo Jeong,Hong, Gye Won,Kim, Chan Joong,Kim, Hye Rim,Hyun, Ok Bae Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2007 Materials science forum Vol.534 No.-

<P>We fabricated Bi-2212/SrSO4 composite superconductors by the melt casting process and evaluated the effects of the powder mixing method and melting temperature on their microstructure and superconducting properties. In the melt casting process, the Bi-2212 powders were mixed with SrSO4 by hand-mixing (HM) and planetary ball milling (PBM) and then the powder mixtures were melted at 1100°C~1200°C, solidified, and annealed. We found that the powder mixture prepared by PBM was finer and more homogeneously mixed than that prepared by HM, resulting in more homogeneous microstructure and smaller SrSO4 and second phases after annealing. The critical current (Ic) also varied significantly with the powder mixing method and the melting temperature. The Ic of the annealed rod prepared by PBM was 193 A at 77 K when melted at 1100°C, which is higher than that of the annealed rod prepared by HM (132 A). This enhancement in the Ic value for the former is considered to be due to its more uniform microstructure.</P>

Evaluation of Osteoblast-Like Cell Viability and Differentiation on the Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser Peptide Immobilized Titanium Dioxide Nanotube via Chemical Grafting

Kim, Ga-Hyun,Kim, Il-Shin,Park, Sang-Won,Lee, Kwangmin,Yun, Kwi-Dug,Kim, Hyun-Seung,Oh, Gye-Jeong,Ji, Min-Kyung,Lim, Hyun-Pil American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.16 No.2

<P>This study examined the effect of the immobilization of the Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (GRGDS) peptide on titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotube via chemical grafting on osteoblast-like cell (MG-63) viability and differentiation. The specimens were divided into two groups; TiO2 nanotubes and GRGDS-immobilized TiO2 nanotubes. The surface characteristics of GRGDS-immobilized TiO2 nanotubes were observed by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The morphology of cells on specimens was observed by FE-SEM after 2 hr and 24 hr. The level of cell viability was investigated via a tetrazolium (XTT) assay after 2 and 4 days. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was evaluated to measure the cell differentiation after 4 and 7 days. The presence of nitrogen up-regulation or C=O carbons confirmed that TiO2 nanotubes were immobilized with GRGDS peptides. Cell adhesion was enhanced on the GRGDS-immobilized TiO2 nanotubes compared to TiO2 nanotubes. Furthermore, significantly increased cell spreading and proliferation were observed with the cells grown on GRGDS-immobilized TiO2 nanotubes (P < .05). However, there was no significant difference in ALP activity between GRGDS-immobilized TiO2 nanotubes and TiO2 nanotubes. These results suggest that the GRGDS-immobilized TiO2 nanotubes might be effective in improving the osseointegration of dental implants.</P>