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- 저자 : Giridhar, R. (검색결과 47 건)
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Axial behavior of CFRP wrapped RC columns of different shapes with constant slenderness ratio
Giridhar N. Narule,Abhay N. Bambole 국제구조공학회 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.65 No.6
In composite materials technology, the fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) have opened up new horizons in infrastructural engineering field for strengthening existing structures and components of structure. The Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets are well suited for RC columns to this application because of their high strength to weight ratio, good fatigue properties and excellent resistance to corrosion. The main focus of present experimental work is to investigate effect of shapes on axial behavior of CFRP wrapped RC columns having same cross-sectional area and slenderness ratio. The CFRP volumetric ratio and percentage of steel are also adopted constant for all the test specimens. A total of 18 RC columns with slenderness ratio four were cast. Nine columns were control and the rest of nine columns were strengthened with one layer of CFRP wrap having 35 mm of corner radius. Columns confined with CFRP wrap were designed using IS: 456:2000 and ACI 440.2R.08 provisions. All the test specimens were loaded for axial compression up to failure and failure pattern for each shaped column was investigated. All the experimental results were compared with analytical values calculated as per the ACI-440.2R-08 code. The test results clearly demonstrated that the axial behavior of CFRP confined RC columns is affected with the change in shapes. The axial deformation is higher in CFRP wrapped RC circular column as compared to square and rectangular columns. Stress-strain behaviour revealed that the yield strength gained from CFRP confinement was significant for circular columns as compare to square and rectangular columns. This behaviour may be credited due to effect of shape on lateral deformation in case of CFRP wrapped circular columns at effective confinement action.
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Giridhar, Prashanth,Mallick, Supriya,Bhasker, Suman,Pathy, Sushmita,Mohanti, Bidhu Kalyan,Biswas, Ahitagni,Sharma, Atul Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.15
Background: Extra nodal lymphoma (ENL) constitutes about 33 % of all non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 18-28% develops in the head and neck region. A multimodality treatment with multi-agent chemotherapy (CT) and radiotherapy (RT) is considered optimum. Materials and Methods: We retrieved the treatment charts of patients of HNENL treated in our institute from 2001-2012. The charts were reviewed and the demographic, treatment details and outcome of HNENL patients were retrieved using predesigned pro-forma. Results: We retrieved data of 75consecutive patients HNENL. Median age was 47years (Range: 8-76 years). Of the 75 patients 51 were male and 24 were female. 55patients were evaluable. The patient and tumor characteristics are summarized in Table 1. All patients were staged comprehensively with contrast enhanced computed tomography of head, neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis and bone marrow aspiration and biopsy 66 patients received a combination multi-agent CT with CHOP being the commonest regimen. 42 patients received 4 or lesser number of cycles of chemotherapy whereas 24received more than 4 cycles chemotherapy. Post radiotherapy, 41 out of 42 patients had a complete response at 3 months. Only 21patients had a complete response after chemotherapy. All patients received radiation (mostly involved field radiation) as a part of the treatment. The median radiation dose was 45 Gray (Range: 36 Gray-50 Gray). The radiation was planned by 2D fluoro simulation based technique in 37cases and by 3 Dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) in 36 cases. Two patients were planned by the intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) technique. IMRT was planned for one thyroid and one nasal cavity primary. 5 patients experienced relapse after a median follow up of 19 months. The median survival was not reached. The estimated two and three year survival were 92.9% (95%CI- 68.6- 95.35) and 88% (95%CI- 60.82 - 92.66) respectively. Univariate analysis revealed higher stage and poorer baseline performance status to be significantly associated with worse progression free survival. 5 patients progressed (relapse or primary disease progression) after treatment. Of the 5 patients, two patients were primary orbital NHL, two patients had NHL nasal cavity and one was NHL thyroid. Conclusions: Combined modality treatment in HNENL confers excellent disease control with acceptable side effects.
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Radiation Induced Lung Injury: Prediction, Assessment and Management
Giridhar, Prashanth,Mallick, Supriya,Rath, Goura Kishore,Julka, Pramod Kumar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.7
Radiation induced lung injury has long been considered a treatment limiting factor for patients requiring thoracic radiation. This radiation induced lung injury happens early as well as late. Radiation induced lung injury can occur in two phases viz. early (< 6 months) when it is called radiation pneumonitis and late (>6 months) when it is called radiation induced lung fibrosis. There are multiple factors that can be patient, disease or treatment related that predict the incidence and severity of radiation pneumonitis. Radiation induced damage to the type I pneumocytes is the triggering factor to initiate such reactions. Over the years, radiation therapy has witnessed a paradigm shift in radiation planning and delivery and successfully reduced the incidence of lung injury. Radiation pneumonitis is usually a diagnosis of exclusion. Steroids, ACE inhibitors and pentoxyphylline constitute the cornerstone of therapy. Radiation induced lung fibrosis is another challenging aspect. The pathophysiology of radiation fibrosis includes continuing inflammation and microvascular changes due to pro-angiogenic and profibrogenic stimuli resembling those in adult bronchiectasis. General supportive management, mobilization of airway secretions, anti-inflammatory therapy and management of acute exacerbations remains the treatment option. Radiation induced lung injury is an inevitable accompaniment of thoracic radiation.
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Giridhar, Thota,Saravanan, Chinnusamy,Cho, Woosum,Park, Young Geun,Lee, Jin Yong,Jin, Sung-Ho The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Chemical communications Vol.50 No.30
<P>An oxadiazole based electron transporting (ET) unit was glued to the heteroleptic Ir(<SMALL>III</SMALL>) complex (<B>TPQIr-ET</B>) and used as a dopant for phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs). It shows superior device performance than the dopant without the ET unit (<B>TPQIr</B>) due to the balanced charge carrier injection by the ET unit.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>An oxadiazole based electron transporting (ET) unit was linked to the heteroleptic Ir(<SMALL>III</SMALL>) complex and used as a dopant for solution-processed PhOLEDs, which shows a superior device performance than the dopant without the ET unit. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c3cc49796h'> </P>
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Giridhar, R.,Srivastava, A.K. The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengine 2000 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.5 No.5
Microbial oxidation of D-sorbitol to L-sorbose by Acetobacter suboxydans is of commercial importance since it is the only biochemical process in vitamin C synthesis. The main bottleneck in the batch oxidation of sorbitol to sorbose is that the process is severely inhibited by sorbitol. Suitable fed-batch fermentation designs can eliminate the inherent substrate inhibition and improve sorbose productivity. Fed-batch sorbose fermentations were conducted by using two nutrient feeding strategies. For fed-batch fermentation with pulse feeding, highly concentrated sorbitor (600g/L) along with other nutrients were fed intermittently in four pulses of 0.5 liter in response to the increased DO signal. The fed-batch fermentation was over in 24h with a sorbose productivity of 13.40g/L/h and a final sorbose concentration of 320.48g/L. On the other hand, in fed-batch fermentation with multiple feeds, two pulse feeds of 0.5 liter nutrient medium containing 600g/L sorbitol was followed by the addition of 1.5 liter nutrient medium containing 600g/L sorbitol at a constant feed rate of 0.36L/h till the full working capacity of the reactor. The fermentation was completed in 24h with an enhanced sorbose productivity of 15.09g/L/h and a sorbose concentration of 332.60g/L. The sorbose concentration and productivity obtained by multiple feeding of nutrients was found to be higher than that obtained by pulse feeding and was therefore a better strategy for fed-batch sorbose fermentation.
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Comparative assessment of surface and ground water quality using geoinformatics
Giridhar, M.V.S.S.,Mohan, Shyama,Kumar, D. Ajay Techno-Press 2020 Advances in environmental research Vol.9 No.3
Water quality demonstrates physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water. The quality of surface and groundwater is currently an important concern with population growth and industrialization. Over exploitation of water resources due to demand is causing the deterioration of surface water and ground water. Periodic water quality testing must be carried out to protect our water resources. The present research analyses the spatial variation of surface water and groundwater in and around the lakes of Hyderabad. Twenty-Seven lakes and their neighboring bore water samples are obtained for water quality monitoring. Samples are evaluated for specific physico-chemical parameters such as pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Cl, SO<sub>4</sub>, Na, K, Ca, Mg, and Total Hardness (TH). The spatial variation of water quality parameters for the 27 lakes and groundwater were analysed. Correlation and multiple regression analysis were carried out to determine comparative study of lake and ground water. The study found that most of the lakes were polluted and this had an impact on surrounding ground water.
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Giridhar, T.,Lee, J.H.,Cho, W.,Yoo, H.,Moon, C.K.,Kim, J.J.,Jin, S.H. Elsevier Science 2014 ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.7
A new series of heteroleptic iridium(III) complexes, bis(2-phenylpyridinato-N,C2')iridium (2-(2',4'-difluorophenyl)-4-methylpyridine), (ppy)<SUB>2</SUB>Ir(dfpmpy) and bis(2-(2',4'-difluorophenyl)-4-methylpyridinato-N,C2')iridium (2-phenylpyridine) (dfpmpy)<SUB>2</SUB>Ir(ppy), have been synthesized by using phenylpyridine as a main skeleton for bluish green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs). The Ir(III) complexes showed high thermal stability and high photoluminescent (PL) quantum yields of 95%+/-4% simultaneously. As a result, the PhOLEDs with the heteroleptic Ir(III) complexes showed excellent performances approaching 100% internal quantum efficiency with a very high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of ~27%, a low turn-on voltage of 2.4V, high power efficiency of ~85lm/W, and very low efficiency roll-off up to 20,000cd/m<SUP>2</SUP>.
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Giridhar Babu, A.,Wu, Xiaoge,Kabra, Akhil N.,Kim, Dong-Pyo Elsevier 2017 Algal research Vol.23 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Nitrogen starvation promotes lipid accumulation in microalgal cells, but leads to low biomass production which directly influences the lipid yield. Growth stimulators may activate simultaneous increase in biomass and metabolite productivity under nutrition stress conditions. In this work, the dual effect of phytohormone (indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), diethyl aminoethyl hexonate (DA-6)) supplementation and nitrogen limitation conditions on the biomass and lipid production of an indigenous microalga <I>Chlorella sorokiniana</I> DPK-5 was thoroughly investigated by monitoring the fatty acid compositions, oxidative stress alleviation and anti-oxidative defense system, including gene expression level. The optimized concertation of IAA (10<SUP>−5</SUP> M) or DA-6 (10<SUP>−9</SUP> M) were applied under a series of N limitation in range 100% to 12.5% to promote the both biomass and lipid production of DPK-5. Interestingly, very minimal dose of IAA and DA-6 under 50% N concentration produced the highest biomass productivity of 201mg/L/d (22% increase) and 236mg/L/d (43% increase) from the control (166mg/L/d), leading to outstanding lipid productivity of 69mg/L/d (49% increase) and 86mg/L/d (84% increase) from the control (32mg/L/d). In addition, abundance of saturated fatty acid (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) as a measurement of biodiesel quality were also enhanced. Furthermore, it was proven that treatment with IAA and DA-6 induced the activity of antioxidants enzymes, which protect cells from damages caused by abiotic stresses. In addition, the intracellular levels of RuBisCO and ACCase were considerably up-regulated by IAA and DA-6 under N limitation. These findings indicate that hormone addition-based autotrophic-N limitation is a promising cultivation strategy to improve the lipid production potential of microalgae without substantial loss in biomass for generation of high quality biodiesel.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We evaluate the effect of phytohormones on metabolic changes under N limitations. </LI> <LI> Indole acetic acid and diethyl aminoethyl hexonate enhance biomass production. </LI> <LI> They enhance lipid production and drive accumulation patterns of fatty acids. </LI> <LI> Alleviate oxidative stress and protect from lipid peroxidation. </LI> <LI> Upregulate the expression of CO<SUB>2</SUB> fixation and lipid synthesis genes. </LI> </UL> </P>
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