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Aik Sang Busik System내의 종속영양세균의 분포 및 특성에 관한 연구
정팔진,김성진,김민정 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1997 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.12 No.1
Aik Sang Busik System(ASBS) was developmented in Japan. In currently, this system is operating at many night soil treatment plants in our country. The purpose of this study is to exame the effects of heterotrophic bacteria on the aeration basin of this system to remove organic compounds. As a result of tests, isolated heterotrophic bacteria are about 115 genes. The predominant gene is Acaligenus spp which about 32 percent of isolated genes. Because the floc foming bacteria of isolated heterotrophic bacteria are about 54 percent, a major removal mechanism for organic compounds in this system depends on the floc foming bacteria. The total amount of hetrotrophic bacteria is 2.32×10 exp (7) c.f.u/㎖, which is a little lower than that in the activated sludge system. As liquid degradable heterotrophic bacteria are 1.57×10 exp (7) c.f.u/㎖, carbohydrate degradable heterotrophic bacteria are 1.22×10 exp (7) c.f.u/㎖10^7, protein degradable heterotrophic bactera are 1.48×10 exp (7) c.f.u/㎖, The distribution of liquid, protein, carbohydrate degradable heterotrophic bacteria are similar to that of the sludge system.
Lee, Ji Hee,Bae, Jeong A,Lee, Jae Hyuk,Seo, Young-Woo,Kho, Dhong Hyo,Sun, Eun Gene,Lee, Song Eun,Cho, Sang Hee,Joo, Young Eun,Ahn, Kyu Youn,Chung, Ik Joo,Kim, Kyung Keun British Medical Association 2010 Gut Vol.59 No.7
<P>BACKGROUND AND AIMS: 90K, a tumour-associated glycoprotein, interacts with galectins and has roles in host defence by augmenting the immune response, but the serum 90K level was suggested to indicate poor prognosis in several cancers. The cellular mechanisms of 90K action on colorectal cancer (CRC) cell motility and its effect on CRC progression were investigated. METHODS: The impact of 90K was analysed by combining cell cultures, in vitro assays, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Secreted 90K suppresses CRC cell invasion, but this action of 90K is masked through binding with extracellular galectins. A novel pathway is identified comprising a secretory 90K and a CD9/CD82 tetraspanin web; in this pathway, 90K interacts with CD9/CD82, suppresses the Wnt/beta-catenin signal via a novel proteasomal-ubiquitination mechanism of beta-catenin that is dependent on ISG15 (interferon-stimulated gene-15) modification (ISGylation) but not on glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3beta) and Siah/Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC). In a syngeneic mouse colon tumour model, tumour growth and lung metastasis were increased with 90K knockdown. In colon tissues from stage IV human CRC and invading cancer cells of corresponding metastatic liver tissues, in which beta-catenin and galectin expression was higher, immunostained 90K and CD9/CD82 were lower than in adjacent hepatic tissues or colon tissues from stage I. CONCLUSIONS: 90K itself has antitumour activity in CRC cells via suppression of Wnt signalling with a novel mechanism of ISGylation-dependent ubiquitination of beta-catenin when it interacts with CD9/CD82, but is downregulated in advanced CRC tissues. The data suggest a strategy of strengthening this novel pathway with concomitant knockdown of galectins as a potential therapeutic approach to CRC progression.</P>
Lee, Gene,Choi, Chung-Mi,Goo, Chung-Hae,Min, Byung-Moo Korean Academy of Oral Biology and the UCLA Dental 2001 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.26 No.2
Progression through cell cycle is a complex sequence involving the activation or inactivation of cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk), and cdk inhibitors. Perturbation of G1-phase cell cycle regulatory proteins has been particularly evident in a variety of human cancers. Therefore, in order to investigate the status of G1-phase cell cycle regulatory proteins in different stage of oral carcinogenesis, we determined the expressions and activities of key G1-phase cycle regulatory proteins such as cyclins, cdks, p53, and p21^WAF1/Cip1 in normal human oral kerationocytes (NHOK), non-tumorigenic human papillomavirus (HPV)-immortalized human oral keratinocytes (HOK-16B), and two tumorigenic CTHOK-16B-BaP and CTHOK-16B-DMBA cells derived from HOK-16B. Our results show that cyclin E was signifficantly overexpressed in tumorigenic cells compared to normal and the non-tumorigenic immortalized cells. The kinase activities of cdk4, cdk6, and cdk2 in the non-tumorigenic immortalized and tumorigenic cells were notably higher than those of the normal cells. However, decreased expressions of p53 and p21^WAF1/Cip1, negatively regulator of the G1-phase cyclin/cdk activities were evident in the non-tumorigenic immortalized and tumorigenic cells by immunoblot assay. These results suggest that deregulation of G1-phase cell cycle regulatory proteins participates, in part, in the development of oral cancer.
연구논문 : 신자유주의적 호명, 저항, 심층놀이: 서바이벌 오디션 프로그램의 문화정치적 함의
정진웅 ( Gene Woong Chung ) 한국문화인류학회 2014 韓國文化人類學 Vol.47 No.2
본 연구는 근년 한국 사회에 확산되어 있는 서바이벌 오디션 프로그램들의 문화정치적 함의를 종합적으로 점검한다. 특히 이 프로그램들이 신자유주의적 경쟁 구도와 문화적 규범을 정당화하는 담론적 실천으로 기능하는 측면에 주목하는 기존 연구들에서 적절히 다루어지지 못한 주제들을 구체적 근거나 사례의 제시와 함께 논의한다. 이 프로그램들은 열정의 주체와 상품으로 출연자들을 호명하지만 열정에 대한 강조는 배제를 위한 알리바이의 성격을 지닌다. 심사위원들은 지속적으로 출연자들에게 시장에서의 상품성를 요구하지만, 출연자들의 상품성은 실제로는 프로그램의 상품성을 높이기 위해 기획된 캐릭터 설정에 기초한 일종의 ‘서시화’된 상품성이다. 서바이벌 오디션 프로그램을 신자유주의적 주체화의 장치로서 규정하는 기존 논의는 수용자들을 기존의 지배담론에 복속되어 아무런 의미상의 균열을 일으키지 못하는 존재로 봄으로써 행위성을 무화시킨다. 하지만 수용자들은 신자유주의적 질서를 지연화하는 이 프로그램들의 담론에 다양한 방식의 의미화를 통해 저항하고 균열을 가한다. 이 프로그램들의 문화정치적 함의를 면밀히 살피기 위해서는 이들을 도전·경쟁·열정·모욕·견딤·절실함·성공·실패 등, 한국인으로 살아간다는 것의 의미를 경험·발견·재해석을 가능하게 하는 텍스트, 즉 일종의 ‘심층놀이’로 보는 관점이 요구된다. This article examines, from a comprehensive viewpoint, the cultural politics of survival audition programs abundantly found on Korean TV in recent years. In particular, it will examine, with detailed examples, a series of themes not properly dealt with by previous studies which view these programs as discursive practices reinforcing and legitimizing the neoliberal order of competition. While these survival audition programs, to borrow from Althusser, hail the participant as a subject through the discourse of passion, the emphasis on passion is simply an alibi for exclusion. The conunodity value of the competitor is sort of ``narrated`` commodity value built on the competitor``s characteristic devised to elevate the commodity value of the programs themselves. The perspective which deems these programs as a device for neoliberal subjectivization disregards the agency of the viewers. There are occasions in which the viewers resist, and create cracks in, the discursive practices of these programs which naturalize the neoliberal order of things. To view these survival audition programs as a (jeep play`` onto which important themes of Korean social life are played out, themes such as challenge, competition, passion, insult, perseverance, eagemess, success, failure, etc., is to take into consideration the politics of inter-pretation on the part of the viewers.